It is difficult to make the right classification and is there such a thing for museums? By popularity, by type of collection, by degree of exoticism, by size, by antiquity, Kunstkamera, by size. Museums in the world are very diverse, but the most famous are concentrated in Europe. She is directly overwhelmed by them. But, for example, India, with its five centuries of history, cannot boast of particularly famous repositories of national art. But in China, the Forbidden City awaits the sightseers - a colossal museum complex.
What places of storage of spiritual monuments are at everyone's hearing?
The most famous museums in the world can be counted on the fingers. There are only nine of them. But what!
Louvre Museum (France, Paris)
It opened in 1793 when the trial of Louis XVI took place , and all the deputies voted for his death.
At that time there were only about two thousand exhibits in it. But one of the gems of the collection - "Mona Lisa" by the great Leonardo da Vinci - was already present.
Uffizi Gallery (Italy, Florence)
It became available to visitors in 1575. The Grand Dukes initially collected in it the works of the best Italian Renaissance artists.
Hermitage (Russia, Petersburg)
The beginning of the creation of a rich collection was laid by Catherine II, whose agents purchased the best paintings and sculptures of Western European and ancient masters.
The world's museums that everyone has heard about are the National Gallery of Art (Washington), the Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York), the Prado (Spain, Madrid), the British Museum (London), the Cairo Egyptian Museum, the Vatican Museum (Italy, Rome). All of them represent the greatest achievements of the human spirit.
The largest museums in the world
Judging by the area, the degree of exoticism, by the number of exhibits representing the national culture, which has already entered into universal human values, then this is undoubtedly the city in the city - “Gugun” in Beijing. Other museums in the world are difficult to compare with him. They are completely different. If the country, according to the inhabitants of the Middle Kingdom, or the Middle Empire, was in the center of the world, then this palace complex, as Chinese astronomers calculated, is located in the center of the globe. This is the consciousness of its significance that has long been with the Han people (self-designation of the Chinese). "Gugun", consisting of an incredible number of palaces, is surrounded by a moat (the Golden Water River), and the main entrance is considered to be the main one. The palaces themselves are built of wood and stone, and the number of chambers in them is only one less than 10,000.
The exposition includes painting scrolls, books, bronze and porcelain products, emperors' clothes, and jewelry. Of course, a day is not enough to go around all seventy-two hectares occupied by Gugun, but if you can, then you just need to get acquainted with it.
World Art Museums
The Vatican is also a city in the city. In its fifty-four galleries, paintings and sculptures of the Renaissance and antiquity are concentrated. In addition, there is a collection of Orthodox icons, Etruscan objects, ancient manuscripts, and works of modern art.
In the 70s of the last century, a historical museum was additionally created. Its exhibits show objects of everyday life (for example, a collection of carriages) of the Vatican and the popes. The four rooms painted with frescoes by Raphael, who worked on them for nine years, are called “Stanzas”. In addition, no one will pass by the frescoes of Michelangelo in the Sistine Chapel, which was once a house church. Anyone who loves classical art must definitely get acquainted with the Vatican's collection. Museums of the world without its exhibits are incomplete.
How did museums come about?
Initially, there were no museums. In the ancient world, people collected works of art and showed them to their guests. In the Middle Ages manuscripts, manuscripts, statues, jewelry, often taken out during the Crusades from the East, were accumulated in monasteries and churches. But already from the sixth century, beautiful objects captured during the wars began to be exhibited for viewing. Later, sovereign overlords collected, bought, and ordered works of art for artists and sculptors. To make them look spectacular in Italy, they began to build special buildings - galleries. In other palaces, separate rooms were adapted for storage. These meetings laid the foundation for public museums, and to this day a lot of work is being done to preserve and comprehend the heritage of mankind.
Ethnographic and historical repositories allow you to get acquainted with the history of a country or region. Museums in the world have a great influence on the development of personality - this is a kind of pedagogical work aimed at the aesthetic education of children, adolescents and adults.