A significant part of the population of our state lives in the so-called Khrushchev - typical panel houses, the fashion of which was introduced by the Secretary General Nikita Khrushchev. Tiny kitchens, tight combined units, small hallways ... This is familiar to many. Only a few can afford to radically improve their living conditions, only a few can afford an apartment in a new building with all amenities and a large area.
However, there is a way out - to redevelop Khrushchev. The appearance of the apartment will be transformed once and will cause only good emotions from the owners. The article will tell you in detail about all the features and possible options for redevelopment, about all the pitfalls that the landlord will encounter on his way, upholding the thresholds of the authorities and coordinating the project. Useful tips and tricks are also provided.
How to coordinate the project with government bodies and get permission
During the redevelopment of Khrushchev, it will be necessary to demolish the walls and transfer communications. In the case when people who do not have the skills and experience in carrying out such complex operations come to work, the consequences can be very deplorable, up to the destruction of the whole house. Therefore, any project is subject to coordination with supervisory authorities.
In different localities, various units of the city executive authority are involved in these issues. But the coordination procedure is regulated. The landlord or organization who is interested in Khrushchev’s redevelopment submits a package of documents to the supervisor. Specialists are required to conduct an examination and issue an opinion no later than 40 days from the date of registration of the application. If the provided option of redevelopment of Khrushchev corresponds to building codes and rules, then the commission makes a positive decision and gives permission for construction work.
It is necessary to collect certain papers. When applying to the commission, the following documents are provided:
- identity document of the applicant;
- certificate of ownership of housing;
- an application addressed to the head of the structural unit with a request to consider the redevelopment project;
- a document (receipt) confirming the payment by the applicant of the state fee and services of specialists;
- registration certificate for the apartment - Khrushchev’s redevelopment will be refused if this document is lost or damaged;
- a project drawn up in accordance with the current GOST and building codes and rules, with a detailed floor plan and an indication of its characteristics.
Basic techniques of redevelopment
The purpose of any redevelopment is to increase the comfort and convenience of using the premises of the apartment. To achieve this, demolition of the partition and the union of the bathroom with the bathroom are often provided, while the total useful area of ​​the bathroom and toilet is expanded due to part of the corridor.
Often during the redevelopment of Khrushchev, the wall is demolished, and the kitchen is connected to the living room. This is permissible only if these two rooms are not separated by a supporting structure.
Some projects provide for the integration (full or partial) of the corridor with living rooms. Especially often, such a solution is used when remodeling a two-room Khrushchev.
Also, cutting down doorways and arches in the bearing walls is practiced. Recently, however, supervisors have been extremely reluctant to agree with such projects. The fact is that in the country there have already been several cases when such changes to the design turned into tragedies.
It also practices the absorption of the pantry by other rooms due to the demolition of partitions and the insulation of the balcony combined with the living room or kitchen.
What types of work is prohibited by law
In accordance with current regulations, it is prohibited:
- Demolish load-bearing walls and disrupt their load-bearing capacity.
- Combine the balcony and the living room by completely demolishing the outer wall. As a rule, only the window frame and the door leading to the balcony are removed. The balcony itself is insulated.
- Increase the area of ​​the bathroom and toilet by reducing the living area.
- Remove central heating radiators to the balcony. However, the law does not prohibit heating the balcony if the apartment has an autonomous heating system with its own boiler.
- To remove or violate the integrity of the floors between floors (ceiling and floor) in order to establish a staircase and provide a transition to another tier, that is, combine two apartments on different floors.
- Make design changes to the ventilation system.
Preparatory stage
When preparing an architectural and design project for the redevelopment of Khrushchev in 2 rooms, you must first familiarize yourself with ready-made samples of work. They can not be called typical, but still they often are taken as the basis for the design of apartments. Such an approach will save a rather large amount only on architectural and design surveys.
Redevelopment of Khrushchev into 2 rooms is quite time-consuming and requires high qualifications from both the designer and the direct contractor. The adoption of any decision is preceded by a thorough study of the documentation, taking into account the passage of communications, the location and power of the outlets. Of course, the size of the apartment, the nature and bearing capacity of the interior partitions have a great influence on the course and design methods.
At the moment, in each region there are organizations that are ready to provide design, maintenance and construction services directly for a fee. Due to the high degree of complexity of such engineering tasks, it is recommended that professionals be entrusted with this task. It is unlikely that a person who does not have an education in the field of construction will independently create a project in compliance with all building codes, as well as the rules for drawing documents. But the services of such organizations at work, as they say, turnkey, are quite expensive. Therefore, if the budget is limited, it is recommended to carry out repairs without redevelopment. Khrushchev’s skillful approach can be made very cozy and stylish, meeting the needs of all family members, while not undermining the “revolution” and not breaking the wall. In this case, you can do without the involvement of specialists from the outside. The main thing is that the owner (hostess) has a good taste and sense of style, as well as an understanding of the basics of the efficient use of space.
Redevelopment of the two-room Khrushchev: how to optimize the space
The main message of modern design thought is that, if possible, it is necessary to remove all walls that are not load-bearing, and to increase the usable space of the living room. In other words, get a studio. A popular technique is to combine the living room with the kitchen. At the same time, the kitchen area is separated from the hall by the countertop.
But you can do without such a radical change. Khrushchev can look great and be comfortable for life without redevelopment. All that is needed is to competently change the doors to arched openings. The perception of space will change in a flash, and it will be very pleasant to be in such a room.
Bathroom combination
The standard area of ​​the bathroom in Khrushchev is clearly not enough to accommodate all the equipment necessary for a comfortable life. Therefore, they often resort to combining it with a toilet. The bathroom is also expanding due to the entrance hall. Nowadays, an increasingly bulky bathroom is being replaced with a compact and practical shower. Also, in order to free up space and visually expand it, household appliances (especially a washing machine) are removed from the bathroom. All this is transferred to the kitchen.
Room Space Zoning
When creating a project, it is necessary to take into account interests and strive to ensure maximum comfort for all family members. Khrushchev after redevelopment will be, despite its small size, convenient and functional. Even in one room, correctly divided into sections, a large family can live. In this case, people will not interfere with each other.
Features redevelopment of the kitchen
When redeveloping a one-room Khrushchev, the greatest difficulties arise with the kitchen. These rooms in such houses and apartments have a very small area (not more than 6 m2), which does not allow at least somehow optimizing the space. The only way out is the demolition of the wall separating the kitchen from the living room, and the creation of a kitchen studio. It is also practiced to increase the area due to other adjacent premises.
Such a studio is divided into two functional areas: for eating and for guests. Khrushchev after redevelopment takes on a completely different look. Being in such a room is a pleasure. If you approach the matter creatively, then a gray and uncomfortable apartment will turn into a masterpiece, it will have a magnificent designer interior.
Demolition of the partition is only half the battle. In order for the room to be organic, and the interior design to be stylish and complete, it is necessary to separate the eating area from the working area (or recreation area). A similar problem is solved differently by different designers. Some people like to play with lighting, emphasizing certain interior features. Bright lamps are installed in the kitchen, and lighting fixtures of low power are installed in the lounge. It is also possible to use light in different shades.
In some cases, in order to separate the kitchen from another room, a bar counter is installed on their border. A similar technique is already a kind of classic of the genre in the design of the redevelopment of the Khrushchev. It has been tested in practice for a long time and is effective. This is a win-win option.
In some cases, it is advisable to designate the dividing line as some kind of aquarium or a small rack. On the rack, as a rule, a small number of books or magazines, some kind of decorative vase and other original things are placed. Also, many designers use various curtains made of threads for these purposes. Similar elements of a design interior transmit rays of light well and look very modern and stylish. In addition, such a curtain can be assembled at any time (for example, when guests are in the house) and will not create inconvenience and impede the movement of a large number of people from the kitchen to the living room.
Combining multiple rooms
Redevelopment of 2-room Khrushchev in most cases is accompanied by the demolition of the interior wall. The resulting area is divided into zones in accordance with the preferences and needs of a particular family. If the family has children of adolescence, then often in the hall there is a play area with a console and a large TV. Many modern high-tech prefer the classic baroque style. The resulting vast space is great for experimenting with different styles.
But most often the owners prefer to design their apartments in a minimalist style. It is minimalism that maximally emphasizes all the advantages of redevelopment and the expressiveness of rooms with an increased area. A characteristic feature of minimalism is light shades in the decoration of the apartment and furniture, which allows you to visually greatly increase the volume of the premises. In addition, such colors have a calming effect on the psyche of a person, have them for emotional unloading and relaxation.
Often such repairs are carried out by people of creative professions: artists, sculptors, architects ... An apartment for them is not only a place in which they live and eat food, but also a workshop in which they create. In the extended room, you can neatly stack all the equipment. And at work you don’t have to fuss and run from room to room, wasting a lot of effort and energy on this. In this case, favorable conditions are created for the realization of creative potential. After all, everything you need is at hand.
How interior partitions are demolished
In the course of redevelopment work, it is necessary to crush the interior partitions, punching door openings in the bearing walls. Such work is accompanied by the receipt of a large amount of construction debris and dust. Moreover, the dust is very fine, has in its composition substances that can cause harm to humans and cause serious illness. Therefore, when carrying out these works, one must strictly adhere to safety regulations and use personal protective equipment.
Before starting work, be sure to purchase and prepare special bags for construction waste. And as it appears, you need to quickly put it in bags and take it out into the corridor. Otherwise, if you start the situation, you will have to literally jump over the mountains of garbage, which will take a lot of energy and effort. And subsequently it will take a very long time to remove this same garbage and for a long time to suspend all work. Better not to allow such situations.
It is important to choose the right time for the dismantling of partitions and punching holes in the bearing walls. These works are accompanied by loud noise and roar and give neighbors a lot of unpleasant sensations. And it’s not even that neighbors can complain about the owner to the appropriate authorities for exceeding noise standards. Just for all people, and even more so for neighbors, you need to be nice and try not to cause them any inconvenience. Therefore, it is recommended to work on the demolition of walls exclusively during working hours on weekdays.
If possible, tools with a dust bag should also be used. This will minimize the harmful effects of dust on the human body, as well as reduce the amount of cleaning work. All these circumstances give rise to a number of inconveniences. But it's worth it: the apartment will eventually change (for the better) beyond recognition and will have an original design. Khrushchevs without redevelopment are unlikely to provide a good quality of life to their owners. But apartments with redevelopment - quite.