When erecting a wooden building, it is logical to use beams made of the same material. In this case, it is not worth resorting to metal or reinforced concrete. Therefore, builders use wooden flooring along wooden beams. But in this case, you need to know exactly all the rules and regulations for using this method.
What is such a design? It consists of wooden beams. Bottom and top they are covered with a layer of a special binder (it can be boards, fiberboard, plywood, chipboard, etc.), between which there is heat and sound insulation.
In the general case, the device of wooden floors consists of the
floor itself
, carrier
beams , a ceiling layer and filling between the blocks. Different insulation is realized with the help of a special flooring, it is also called "coasting". The beams themselves are mainly made of bars with a rectangular cross section. When designing the roll-ups, they most often lean towards
wooden shields. It is allowed to replace elements from this material with gypsum or ribbed blocks in order to save. Such components have more weight than the wood itself, but they are not subject to the process of burning and decay, which is a big plus.
With such a construction, it is necessary to calculate the wooden floor. In building codes and regulations, the amount of temporary load per 1 square meter should be 150 kg. Here we mean that, in addition to the main weight, you can add a temporary component of 150 kg. The constant load consists of the mass of the ceiling itself and the partitions between the rooms. Everything else (furniture, mass of people, various devices) refers to inconstant.
Wooden flooring on wooden beams, which acts as the base of the floor, should contain the optimal load value. If we draw an analogy with other materials, then in ordinary houses, reinforced concrete structures with a normal bearing size of 400-800 kg per square meter are used. For a building made of wood, such an amount is unlikely to be needed, because in real life the ceiling has to withstand a maximum of 400 kg per sq.m. However, the owner of the future building can choose another value that suits him, depending on his needs. Overlapping is recommended, taking into account any possible loads, with an additional margin of safety, but not more than 40 percent.
Also, when designing, it is quite important to take into account such a concept as deflection. In accordance with the building rules, a wooden floor on wooden beams should have such an indicator, not exceeding 1/250 of the entire length of the element. It should also be pointed out that hardwood is forbidden to use, since they hardly bend. Therefore, conifers are used for such purposes.
With proper design and normal operation, a wooden floor over wooden beams, which can also be called natural, can serve the inhabitants of the building for a long time and reliably.