Thinking about the design of a private house, a person will inevitably be faced with the choice of the main material for its construction. Usually a fork passes between wood and brick, and in both cases there will be pros and cons. Natural material creates a healthy microclimate and ecological environment in the house, and solid-state brick gives rigidity to the structure. Combining these characteristics in one building allows the technology of reinforcing walls. The result is a wooden house, lined with brick. Of course, this solution has disadvantages, but under certain conditions they are compensated by advantages. For example, the complexity and, in principle, the cost of this operation in the future may pay off due to increased energy efficiency of the building and lower heating costs.
Cover structure
Brick does not just form a belt of additional reinforcement around the wooden frame, but closes the technological infrastructure with functional insulators. Do not masonry in close proximity to the wall. A gap of about 50-60 mm is left between the masonry and the frame. It is needed as a prerequisite for ventilation, so that the wood does not rot from dampness when fully sealed. But another question is also important - which insulators should be used to ensure the optimal microclimate in the formed layer, which will also influence the temperature and humidity regulation inside. How to brick a wooden house to make it comfortable in the rooms? In a minimum set of technological coatings between the masonry and the wall must be present layers of heat and waterproofing. Depending on local climatic conditions, wind protection and vapor barrier can be additionally applied.
Special attention is paid to auxiliary structural elements. These include the foundation and supporting profile base. We can talk about the foundation conditionally, since, in fact, this is a thin basement superstructure, on the pillow of which the masonry will be based. As for the bearing base, this part will act as a connecting technical link between the masonry and the wall. A kind of crate, thanks to which a ventilation gap is formed.
Applied material
The brick, which is used as a reinforcing belt, has special requirements. On the one hand, it should be strong and durable, and on the other, light and decoratively attractive, since it is a façade. To varying degrees, these requirements correspond to the following options:
- Brick brick. Actually, the purpose of this material is precisely determined by the exterior finish with decorative and protective properties. But if the task is to completely strengthen the walls, then clinker will not work.
- Ceramic brick. Also a more decorative solution, but with a higher structural load. The only drawback in terms of the use of this material in relation to the facade is hygroscopicity - instability against precipitation and humidity in principle. How to cover a wooden house with ceramic bricks so that the lining does not collapse? Experts recommend immediately after masonry treating the surface with hydrophobic solutions. The same insulation, but with a greater degree of mechanical protection.
- Hyper pressed brick. This option should be resorted to if the emphasis is on reinforcing the frame. Thanks to the pressing elements are strong and strong, so the design of the house will also become more reliable.
- Silicate brick. The least successful option, which should be discarded immediately. He is usually praised for his durability, environmental friendliness and correct geometric shape. But these qualities do not matter, because frost, rain and wind literally destroy its structure during operation on the street.
Foundation preparation and supporting structure
To create a basement base, you can use a screed, 20-30 cm away from the house, depending on the size of the brick. It is important not to forget about the indentation for the ventilation layer, which will also take 5-6 cm. A dense base of sand, gravel and a waterproofing coating is prepared under the screed. The solution is prepared from frost-resistant cement with plasticizers. For pouring, a wooden formwork is formed, after which a screed with a thickness of about 50 mm is arranged. Using ready-made molding elements for permanent formwork made of polystyrene, this problem can be completely solved by one’s own hands. How to brick a wooden house so that the masonry is firmly fixed to the wall? For this, as already mentioned, a vertical profile structure is mounted adjacent to the wall. The mounting unit is installed using metal pins that are inserted into the technological gaps of the wooden frame - they should be taken care of in advance. Fixation points are arranged in 4 rows on a vertical plane and indented 100 cm - horizontally. A bunch of pins is performed by metal profiles and a channel. You can also use welding to connect, but a screw fastening system will be more practical.
Insulating work
Even before the installation of the supporting structure, the wooden surface should be treated with antiseptic agents with biological protection against fungi and mold. If necessary, you can also lay a waterproofing pad close to the wall. The standard technique assumes that the insulating layers begin in the plane of the crate, which is directly mated to the masonry. But how to brick a wooden house so that the insulation and hydrobarrier organically enter the structure of the reinforcing belt without the risk of damage? The first and, in fact, the supporting insulator can be a tile insulation made of mineral wool. The panels are laid in the niche of the ventilation layer so that there is a small gap for air circulation. Next, close to the heat insulator, you can fix the vapor barrier. This is a multifunctional membrane film that will protect the insulation from moisture and condensation.
How to brick a wooden house?
The main stage, during which the direct laying of bricks is performed. How it's done? The formation of the belt begins from the bottom of the prepared foundation. As you rise, it is very important to observe the correct position of the elements horizontally and vertically. The optimal thickness of the seam is 12-13 mm. The control of this parameter is carried out every 5 rows with the help of a rack-order. Of fundamental importance is the issue of providing ventilation directly in the wall. Arranging products, you can brick a wooden house without lowering the strength of the structure. These are technological holes in the masonry, which are calculated as follows: for 20 m 2 of the front area of approximately 75 cm 2 of gaps. So that the holes are not contaminated, and rodents do not climb into them, you should consider the back protection in the form of a metal mesh with a small cell.
Structural reinforcement
As the brick is laid, it is possible to strengthen the structure with additional inclusions with strapping. How to overlay a wooden house with reinforced brick? For this, both plates and a grid with metal bars are used. They are introduced between the rows, arranged vertically or horizontally. Standard dressing is arranged at the rate of 1 metal strip for 10-12 rows of masonry.
Workflow Recommendations
Experienced craftsmen are also advised to consider the following tricks:
- Bring the masonry directly to the cornice, performing binding to it with the same means of reinforcement.
- For cutting brick, a special tool is used - a grinder or a saw for stone. But is it possible to brick a wooden house without such operations? The fragmented use of bricks should be avoided, and if there is no possibility of high-quality processing of the material, then it is necessary to foresee the presence of halves with an even structure.
- In the process of work, waterlogging of internal surfaces in the technological layer should not be allowed.
Pros and Cons of Technology
The presence of an additional frame made of brick undoubtedly increases the strength and durability of the building, eliminating the natural defects of wood as a fuel and soft-bodied building material. It is the power fortification that can be called the main advantage of a wooden house, lined with bricks. Pros and cons in this aspect can converge and diverge - for example, along with the strengthening of the walls, the shrinkage of the building is shifted. This negatively affects the overall balance of loads on the house.
Conclusion
Intervention in the construction of the house itself is a radical and responsible operation in the framework of repair and restoration measures. Are wooden houses lined with brick immediately after construction and without the obvious need for technical support for the frame? This is rare, since the construction of a quality log house, for example, completely copes with the loads and has a sufficient margin of safety. And even after years of operation when revealing the processes of destruction of the crowns, the structure can be strengthened by restoring the logs or replacing them completely if restoration is not possible.