The device of ceilings is one of the most significant cases in the construction of any object. They separate floors from each other. Overlapping is arranged to separate the upper floor from the attic and the first floor from the basement or basement.
Several decades ago, these parts of structures were made using reinforced concrete slabs. Since they had a large mass, the projects provided for the provision of increased strength of the bearing walls. This increased the need for building materials, required the use of heavy equipment, cranes capable of lifting multi-ton cargo. As a result, the cost of construction increased significantly.
The use of corrugated board for floors in construction was a turning point, which changed the situation for the better. Distinctive features of this material are lightness, durability, low cost. Outcome - construction costs decreased, work accelerated, the production process was facilitated.
What is a corrugated board
For the manufacture of supporting corrugated flooring , steel galvanized sheet is used. A trapezoidal shape is attached to it during pressing on a sheet bending machine.
Since this material can be used for various needs, there are several types. To arrange the roofing, when it is required to make interfloor ceilings, apply a material whose relief height is at least 44 mm and a maximum of 114 mm. Moreover, the sheet thickness may be 0.7-1.2 mm.
Another condition is that such a corrugated board should have additional ribs, providing it with rigidity, increasing the bearing capacity.
When choosing a material, its marking is taken into account. In this case, the letter “H” is used, which indicates that it is a supporting corrugated board. Such a material has a high degree of bending strength and the necessary rigidity. It is resistant to various deformations. During its manufacture, hot dip galvanizing is applied , over which a polymer dye coating is applied. This coating can be either internal or external. These indicators are provided by the technology of the device floors.
Corrugated board marked “N” and the height of the profiles is 44-114 mm, used as a reliable overlap, formwork that does not need to be removed, and also as a material for roofing. He established himself well in climatic zones, which are characterized by heavy rains and snowfalls, hurricane-force winds, and other adverse weather conditions.
Types and cost
There are different types of materials presented. Profiled sheets H75, H60 belong to the category of the most durable products. Their cost can reach 700-900 rubles / m². However, there are also less durable varieties on sale. Before applying them in a particular type of construction, it is necessary to consider whether such materials are suitable in this case.
It should be noted that the dimensions of the corrugated board for floors can be different. On sale are products that have a width of 80, 90, 100 and 110 cm. Dimensions may vary depending on the manufacturer's standards. The length can be 75, 85 and 100 cm. Dimensions affect the cost of the material. On sale are products whose thickness is 0.45-1 mm. The thicker the sheet, the stronger the structure. The manufacturer's documentation should be considered when choosing a professional flooring.
Most often, during construction work, H75 grade flooring and a thickness of 0.9 mm are used. To correctly calculate the length of the material, it is necessary to measure the distance between the three beams. This will help create a solid structure that will not bend.
Installation steps briefly
Material intended for flooring is subject to mandatory certification. Data on this is always available in the documents that are issued upon the acquisition of a batch of corrugated board. Overlapping must be reliable. Most often, for such purposes , professional sheet H60, H75 is used. Without this, there is no guarantee that the structure of the entire building will be solid. That is why corrugated board must comply with existing requirements, which is necessarily confirmed by documents.
When installing floors, steel supporting beams are first mounted. Then, profiled sheets are fixed on these beams. Further, waterproofing is laid on them. Then a heater is laid on it. At the last stage, cement mortar is poured onto the ceiling and a screed is made.
Benefits of using corrugated board
Knowing how much corrugated board costs , you can calculate the cost of arranging floors. The use of the presented material has several advantages. The method is less labor intensive and simple. He does not need powerful cranes that can lift heavy reinforced concrete slabs.
It should be noted that wooden ceiling, floor beams for overlapping are inferior in strength and durability to the profiled sheet H60 , H75. At the same time, the cost of the metal material will be lower than that of other types of structures.
The first stage of the installation of the floor
Before the start of construction work, a plan is drawn up, a cost estimate is calculated. Knowing how much corrugated board costs, you can do this job.
When installing floors between floors, reliable metal beams are used to create the frame. I-beams or channels are used. They serve as the base on which the metal profile is mounted. To fix it on the base, self-tapping screws are used.
In this case, products that have a length of 32 mm and a diameter of 5.5 mm are recognized as the most reliable self-tapping screws. The tips of these screws are a drill, which cuts metal during rotation. The fastening of the sheets to the base is carried out strictly in the prescribed manner, with the necessary step. According to the installation conditions, it is 40-50 cm.
Profile sheets are attached not only to beams. They are also fixed at the joints. Self-tapping screws are also used here, only now they can have smaller sizes. Commonly used hardware, the length of which does not exceed 25 mm.
Installation of insulation and waterproofing
After installing the profiled sheet for floors on it, you need to mount a waterproofing. It will prevent moisture from entering the material, as well as its premature destruction.
Next, the insulation is mounted. This not only provides thermal insulation. The installed insulation reduces the permeability of sound through the overlap between floors. And this is important, because the sound from below will not interfere with people who are on the floor above, and vice versa.
Concrete laying
After the above actions are performed, the professional sheet H75 or H60 must be filled with expanded clay concrete. To make the overlap more reliable, in one step the entire area is poured.
For a concrete solution to gain up to 80 percent of the possible strength, a pause is needed, which lasts up to 11 days. But such a period is determined only when construction is carried out at positive temperatures. In winter, when the mercury column is below the zero mark, concrete will reach the desired strength only after 20, or even 25 days.
Features of concreting in the summer
If concreting of corrugated board for floors is carried out in hot weather, which is not uncommon for a significant territory of Russia, then concrete should be regularly moistened with water. This work must be done during the concrete hardening time. Otherwise, the moisture will simply evaporate, the quality of concrete will decrease.
This operation to a greater extent requires overlap between the upper floor and the attic. They, unlike interfloor structures, do not have protection from sunlight. Moisture here will evaporate faster.
Temporary supports
In order for the corrugated board for floors to not undergo deformation during concreting, temporary supports are arranged below it. The fact is that the concrete solution has a weight exceeding that which the hardened concrete of the same volume will reach.
In addition, in the central part of the ceiling, the load on the metal beams is higher. If they, being laid strictly horizontally, are deformed (bent) even by a tenth of a millimeter, the solution, no matter how thick it may be, can move slightly to the center. The deformation will intensify.
Supports to prevent this are installed in the central part of the structure. They should be removed when the concrete receives the necessary strength. In this state, the mixture will be lighter, since water will evaporate from it.
Profiled flooring is strength, simplicity, low price. The presented designs have increased strength compared to traditional materials. Their device has less complexity, and the cost of work is significantly lower.