Making a foundation from concrete elements is the fastest option. Although the whole surface is more acceptable for him, for example, it is poured with concrete, since it is a monolith, but it will have to dry for almost a month, and all construction work for this period will be stopped. The foundation of the blocks will allow you to finish everything in one warm season.
The concrete blocks for the foundation made at the factory are of fairly high quality. This is due to production technology, which includes:
- the same and accurate composition of the concrete mix ;
- reinforcement tab;
- mechanized concrete pouring into molds;
- shrinkage of the mixture under the influence of vibration;
- A special 8-hour steaming in special chambers;
- The final set of strength concrete.
They can be cast with your own hands at home. But for obvious reasons, a number of technological operations will be simply skipped, while the quality will suffer. And also money and own time will be spent. Modern manufacturing technology in factories gives these units yet another quality - frost resistance. They get this property due to the introduction of special additives into the composition of concrete. Since the soils in our country are almost everywhere acidic, granite crushed stone is introduced into concrete to counteract the acidic environment.
Kinds
For the manufacture of the base of the building, two types of blocks are used: wall and pillow blocks.
Walls have cutouts on the sides for a good fit with each other. Of these, 2 parts of the base are collected, underground and aboveground. Pillows have a trapezoidal shape. They are used for laying the first row of the base. It is the pillows that ensure the stability of its entire structure.
For those who want to build a foundation of blocks with their own hands, ordinary concrete elements are not suitable, since they weigh from 350 to 1400 kg, and installing them requires a load-lifting mechanism. But for the manual laying of the foundation and the base, they are produced in small ones, 20x20x40 in size for the construction of small buildings. They can be made both from ordinary concrete, and with expanded clay aggregate having insulation properties. Do not buy claydite-concrete blocks from the hands, as they may be defective and not have adequate strength.
Types of building foundations
For small buildings, for example, a bath, a columnar foundation is suitable. It can be done in one day.
The strip foundation of blocks is suitable for low-rise small houses made of brick or cinder blocks. It is a tape that is located under all the bearing walls of the building.
The construction of the foundation from blocks of both types includes work on their marking and excavation of trenches.
The laying technique for both types of foundation is the same and similar to brickwork. All joints and seams must be carefully sealed with mortar. The foundation of blocks for small buildings is quite possible to do on their own. But it is better to use factory concrete elements due to their higher quality.