What is a nomad? Is it a cattle breeder or a warrior? What trace in the history did nomadic peoples leave? You will find answers to these questions in the article.
Etymology of the word
Thousands of years ago, Eurasia was not covered by megacities. Its wide steppes were a place of residence for many peoples and tribes, who from time to time moved in search of more fertile lands suitable for both farming and cattle breeding. Over time, many tribes settled near rivers and began to lead a sedentary lifestyle. But other nations, which did not manage to occupy the fertile plots in time, were forced to wander, that is, constantly move from place to place. So who is a nomad? Translated from the Turkic language, this word means "aul (yurt) on the road, on the road", which reflects the nature of life of such tribes.
The Chinese dynasties, the Persian shahs and the Mongol khans were all nomads in the past.
All the way
Nomads changed their parking lot every season. The purpose of the movement was the search for more suitable habitats, increasing the well-being of the people. Mostly these tribes were engaged in cattle breeding, crafts and trade. But these studies do not provide an exhaustive explanation of who a nomad is. Often they attacked peaceful farmers, winning back the plots of land they liked from the natives. As a rule, nomads forced to survive in harsh conditions were stronger and won. Therefore, they were not always peaceful cattle breeders and traders trying to feed their families. The Mongols, Scythians, Sarmatians, Cimmerians, Arians - all of them were skilled and brave warriors. The loudest glory of the conquerors was acquired by the Scythians and Sarmatians.
Historical significance
Acquiring those who are nomads in history classes, schoolchildren will always recognize names such as Genghis Khan and Attila. These outstanding warriors were able to create an invincible army and unite under their leadership many small nations and tribes.
Attila is the ruler of the nomadic people of the Huns. For almost 20 years of his reign (from 434 to 453 gg.) He united the Germanic, Turkic and other tribes, created a power, the borders of which stretched from the Rhine to the banks of the Volga.
Genghis Khan is the first khan of the Great Mongolian state. He organized campaigns in the Caucasus, Eastern Europe, China and Central Asia. He founded the largest empire in the history of all mankind with an area of โโalmost 38 million square meters. Km! It stretched from Novgorod to Southeast Asia and from the Danube to the Sea of โโJapan.
Their actions aroused fear and respect among peaceful tribes. They defined the basic concept of who a nomad is. This is not just a pastoralist, artisan and merchant living in a yurt in the steppe, but above all - a skilled, strong and courageous warrior.
Now you know the meaning of the word "nomads."