Families with a disabled child cannot do without state assistance. Many parents do not want to draw up disability, fearing a "stigma" for life. But in fact, for those kids who are entitled to benefits and payments, it is much easier to adapt in society thanks to the material support of the state. You can read more about what is required for a disabled child and what benefits parents of children with special needs can apply for in this article.
Why register a child with a disability
State support for people with disabilities was created in order to promote their development and socialization, despite restrictions on health status. Despite the fact that the payments and technical rehabilitation means provided by the state are never enough, nevertheless this is a huge support for families with disabled children. Indeed, often the mother of the child cannot afford to go to work and must devote all the time to the baby. In this case, the state pension will be the only source of subsistence, therefore, it is important to apply for it as soon as possible. What do I need to do? At first glance, the path may seem difficult.
First you need to contact the head of the clinic or a specialist who will tell you which doctors you need to visit to get a disability. If the child is in serious condition and is in a hospital, then the department head must do this. Since recently, only state-owned medical institutions can apply for ITU, which is granted disability. After all the formalities are followed and a date is set for medical and social examination, it remains to wait for the appointed time and visit the commission with the child. It is necessary to have hospital extracts or expert opinions on hand. After the interview and examination by the child, the specialists will decide on the assignment of a disability and, if so, they will hand you an individual rehabilitation program, which should indicate all the benefits that have been set for you.
Disability Disorders
The Law "On Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities in the Russian Federation" of 2018 clearly indicates diseases and abnormalities in which a child may become disabled.
- Violation of the natural systems of the body (immune, endocrine, nervous, etc.) or organs (including skin).
- Lack of skill or normal functioning of language and speech.
- A variety of mental disorders.
- Disturbances of natural development as a result of injuries or organic abnormalities.
In general, these are any deviations and features of development and health that limit the perception of the world, the ability of normal socialization and functioning in society. Among the most common diagnoses that come to ITU are various orphan diseases, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, paralysis, celiac disease, hearing loss, and many others.
There are three degrees of disability in official legislation, but for children and adolescents under 18 there is only one general degree: a disabled child. What benefits does this group get?
What should a disabled child do?
At the moment, the state guarantees the following benefits and payments to those families in which a disabled child grows:
- retirement benefits;
- benefits related to the work of fathers and mothers;
- childcare benefits;
- issue of TCP or refund for independently purchased devices;
- training and education, assistance of specialists in specialized centers and medical institutions;
- income tax benefits;
- benefits for utilities;
- extraordinary improvement of housing conditions (for some categories);
- free medical and spa services;
- privileges for transportation costs.
Each of these benefits and payments is intended to help in raising special children and in the process of their successful socialization. Despite the fact that, according to the law, rehabilitation is free, there are catastrophically lacking specialists and centers in the country, so parents are forced to look for ways to provide their children with monthly costly rehabilitation. For those children who need expensive imported drugs, families are also forced to provide them at their own expense. And this is not mentioning the various TCP and supplies, which can also be quite expensive. That is why it is important to know about each benefit and payment, which can at least help provide a livelihood and make life easier for children with disabilities.
Pension by region
All children with disabilities are entitled to a social pension, which is paid from the FIU. How much is a disabled child? In 2018, the social pension is 12,082 rubles.
Is a disabled child entitled to a group? Yes, but only after reaching the age of 18. Adult citizens who have the status of "childhood disability", unlike children, have 3 disability groups. For example, for the first, most difficult group, the state assigned a payment of 12,082 rubles. For the second group, the allowance is 10,481 rubles. How much is required with the third degree of restrictions? In this case, the pension is 4279 rubles. The severity is determined by the medical and social examination on the basis of examination and the conclusion of other specialists.
It is important to know that if a disabled child loses a breadwinner, then he cannot apply for two pensions at the same time. As a rule, the choice is made in favor of a larger payment. Like all other privileged categories of citizens, people with disabilities are recalculated every year, during which the amount of the benefit increases by an average of 4.1% (as was the case in 2018). The size of the pension until adulthood basically does not change. And, as already mentioned, after 18 years, the amount of payment depends on the category of disability.
Pension for a disabled child
What is needed in order to apply for a pension? After the child has been granted a disability, you need to collect all the documents and go to the Pension Fund. Parents or legal representatives of the child can apply for a pension. You need to have a passport with you, a birth and marriage (or divorce) certificate, an ITU and IPR, SNILS certificate for an adult and a child, as well as a certificate from the housing fund in form No. 9. The standard time for processing documents is 10 days, after which it is usually assigned allowance. It is credited to a bank card (for this you need to bring the bank details) or to the post office at the place of residence. Savings books have recently been canceled, so most choose to transfer funds to the card. In order to save time, you need to find out what other benefits you can immediately apply for at the Pension Fund.
Disabled child care allowance
In the PF, you can make another payment, which is provided to the non-working parent. Moms of children with disabilities who are forced to pay attention to the child 24 hours a day until adulthood find themselves in an extremely vulnerable position. Unable to work, they should support themselves and the child only on a social pension. Additional support may pay a little support to parents in this situation.
The allowance for caring for a disabled child at the moment is 5500 rubles. In Moscow, payments are much larger: the benefit there is 12 thousand rubles. She is appointed only if one of the parents caring for the baby is not employed. What documents may be needed to process this payment? First of all, you need to take a certificate from the employment service stating that you are not registered with them. It is also necessary to bring along a work book, which will serve as proof that you are not working anywhere. All other documents are standard.
In order to expedite the application process, it is best to take photocopies of all documents with you. If you go to work, then payments cease. You can apply for funds either on the card or at the post office. If you are not a close relative of the child, but still care for him, then the amount of the benefit is significantly reduced. The amount of payment for other persons is only 1200 rubles. This is due to frequent fraud.
Regional premiums
It is no secret that the size of pensions has always depended on the region of the country. In some areas, allowances are paid that add up to the basic pension and increase the income of people with disabilities. What payments are due to a child with a disability depending on territorial affiliation? For example, in St. Petersburg, the following amendments apply:
- If a child with a disability both or one parent (or legal representative) have a disability of the first or second group, then an additional payment of 9,125 rubles from the city budget is assigned.
- If a disabled child has special needs (the first degree of disability is indicated in the IPR), then the monthly allowance from the city will amount to 14,806 rubles.
To apply for these benefits, you will require a permanent residence permit in the city.
Residents of Moscow can apply for the purchase of a set of clothes for the child during the training (i.e., from 7 years old). Help is provided once a year, the amount of payment is 10 thousand rubles. Also, an unemployed parent (or legal guardian) of a disabled child has the right to receive an increased benefit - in Moscow its amount is 12,000 rubles. The allowance for the care of a disabled child is paid monthly.
Holidays and benefits for working parents
What are the benefits for parents of a disabled child? In addition to the care allowance, a father or mother can apply for a number of other benefits. In particular, this applies to labor legislation. For example, the mother or father of a child with disabilities under 16 who are officially employed are entitled to a part-time week or part-time job. This right is approved by Article 49 of the labor legislation of the Russian Federation. The employer does not have the right to dismiss the parent of a disabled child working on a shortened day. But such an employee will receive payment according to the hours worked.
But the benefits given to parents of disabled children do not end there. Since most mothers who care for their children with disabilities cannot find work, they will not be able to receive a pension in the future either. But this is a real work that does not leave free minutes and time for other classes. Therefore, the state decided to provide support for such families. The mother of a disabled child caring for him from birth to 18 years old has the right to prematurely receive a pension (from 50 years old) if he has 15 years of work experience. The time spent caring for a child with a disability can be considered by the state as work experience. But one of the conditions must be fulfilled: a citizen of the Russian Federation must work out a certain amount of time before the birth of a child.
The privileges granted to parents of children with disabilities include amendments regarding the leave of working citizens. A parent of a disabled child can take a vacation at any time. Proper leave, if the child is disabled, applies only to those parents who care for the baby (mainly mothers). Also, mother or father have the right to extra weekends, which the employer must pay according to the average employee rate.
Discounts on KU
What are the benefits for a disabled child in utilities? Since monthly payments for electricity and water make up a large part of the family budget, the state provides discounts to families with people with disabilities. At the moment, the discount on KU is 50% and is being returned to the disabled person’s bank account in cash. That is, you still have to pay the full cost of utility bills, but half of the average amount you will receive on a card or at the post office. If you have a landline phone, then a 50% discount will apply to him. To apply for this deduction, you must contact the MFC with the following documents:
- Receipts from utilities, for gas, electricity, water and telephone (for one month).
- Passport of a parent or legal representative.
- Birth certificate.
- Certificate from the housing fund in the form of No. 9.
- Disability certificate.
Issuance and compensation of TCP
What is required for a disabled child from the state, in addition to cash payments? According to the Government Decree of 1995, all persons with disabilities should be provided with specialized cuts and orthopedic products, as well as other technical means of rehabilitation. High-quality TCP is necessary for all children with disabilities for a full life and socialization, for the prevention of secondary complications and for the stimulation of physical and mental development. The potential of special tools must not be underestimated. However, high-quality imported TCP can be very expensive. In Russia, there are two ways to acquire additional means of rehabilitation.
- Receiving from the state. If TCP is registered in your IPR, you can get them for free by standing in line at any MFC. Unfortunately, this method does not guarantee the receipt of high-quality technical equipment, since often the goods are purchased of the lowest quality, and is inconvenient for the patient. But then no expenses for a family to go to bed. Waiting in line depending on the region can stretch for several months.
- Independent purchase and subsequent compensation. The family of a disabled child can itself acquire the required equipment or devices, and if it is included in the IPR, the state compensates the full or partial cost of the TCP. Payments can be viewed on the website of the regional branch of the Social Insurance Fund. For monetary compensation, you must contact the MFC and provide proof of purchase: cash and receipt checks with the name TCP.
Vouchers
What assistance is provided to disabled children in terms of medical and sanatorium-resort provision? A disabled child has the right to visit the sanatorium. Vouchers are issued by various institutions:
- Federal Social Service.
- Health Committee.
- Local medical facilities.
Depending on the place of treatment, a family with a disabled child may be sent south to regional sanatoriums. The health committee usually only pays for accommodation, without the provision of medical services. But basically a trip to a sanatorium is designated as a medical and leisure event with the receipt of appropriate services.
Free medicine and travel discounts
As for medicines and travel by public transport, then there are also benefits for children with disabilities. The right to free travel within the city and suburbs (including in electric trains) is granted to all children with disabilities and the person accompanying them. For free travel, you must have a preferential green travel card and a disability certificate with you, which can confirm the legality of your actions.
Intercity buses and trains have a 50% discount from October to May. Also, the Russian government guarantees free travel to places of sanatorium treatment. The benefit can be used once a year.
What are the benefits for a disabled child in terms of drugs? If you have a doctor’s prescription on hand with the necessary prescriptions, then you can get free medication (if any) in the district clinic. This is especially true for those children who need a monthly intake of expensive drugs. It is important to note that a family with a disabled child can receive all these benefits only if she does not have a denial of these services. Otherwise, material compensation is paid, which is paid every month and amounts to about 3 thousand rubles.
Housing and car
Is a disabled child entitled to housing? This is a controversial issue that has long been displeasing the parents of children with disabilities. Often they spend all the money on maintaining the health of the child and have no way to improve their living conditions. Children with disabilities are entitled to housing, but only if their illness poses a danger to others. This category includes, for example, children with acute tuberculosis or with some mental illness. In other cases, the disabled child will not be assigned an apartment.
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Summary
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