Disarmament is very important for any country that seeks to establish peace on its territory. Naturally, in the light of today's events, demilitarization is necessary to maintain general calm. What is it, you will learn in this article.
What is disarmament?
The arms race testifies that not all countries are ready to solve problems peacefully. However, everyone is well aware of what this may lead to. For example, humanity awaits the outbreak of World War III with horror. Thousands of civilians die every year around the world due to hostilities.
The meaning of the word “demilitarization” is very simple. Disarmament is the conclusion of a special treaty between the world community and a country where a regime is established on the territory of the state that prohibits the use of any means of destroying people. In addition, demilitarization - what is it, in fact, we have already determined - provides:
- a ban on the construction of military facilities: parts, warehouses, weapons factories;
- the impossibility of creating an army in the demilitarized zone;
- surrender of weapons of mass destruction: chemical, biological, nuclear;
- refusal to prepare any military operations.
When did the disarmament process or demilitarization begin?
They began to understand that this is a necessity a long time ago, back in the 19th century. A little later, the need for disarmament increased significantly, as the military industry began to develop too actively. The turning point was the First and Second World Wars. Today, another problem has been added: nuclear weapons, which can destroy humanity in a short time.
The very first and most effective was the Rush-Bagot disarmament agreement between Britain and the United States. Thanks to him, the border of America and Canada after 1814 was demilitarized.
A little later, other international treaties prohibited the poisonous substances on the battlefield, as well as the use of other means that could immediately destroy a large number of soldiers. After World War I, the community decided to generally reduce the number of weapons to the utmost minimum.
Unfortunately, in our time the military industry is developing even more actively than before, so the problem of peace and demilitarization has come to the fore.
Why is demilitarization needed?
There are a lot of reasons for such a procedure:
- increase in cash costs for the production of weapons, the maintenance of the army and military installations;
- lack of guarantees for the security of mankind in the event of the presence of nuclear and other means of mass destruction;
- a high level of terrorism, which is often sponsored by the sale of weapons;
- aggravation of the political, economic and social situation in the world.
What is disarmament of the economy?
Demilitarization, what it is, is broadly described above. The process goes through several stages. For example, it is necessary not only to rid the territory of weapons, as well as the factories that produce them, but also to reduce the budget costs of their manufacture, as well as the maintenance of the army.
In order for this process to be effective, it is necessary to attach to it such military giants as Russia and the United States of America. That is what states are most armed with. The demilitarization of the economy in this case provides for a minimum stock of warheads on the balance sheet of the army. In addition, the military production of these countries should reorient their activities. Factories are required to produce only products that do not harm humans. That is, the owners of the defense industry should abandon the manufacture of weapons. Naturally, this process is complicated, since the sale of military equipment and ammunition is a profitable business, although it is involved in the blood of people.
Disarmament of the economy involves reducing financial budget costs and redistributing this money to other needs. Demilitarization is a complex social process that affects various spheres of human life.
Features of the demilitarization of the territory
A prerequisite for ensuring universal security is the purification of the territory of states from weapons and other objects belonging to the army. In order to carry out this process, it is necessary to coordinate all the nuances of the country with organizations that control disarmament. They can give security guarantees that will allow the state to abandon weapons. Naturally, such communities must be authoritative.
The demilitarization of the territory is a complex of certain measures that not only contribute to the reduction of the country's military stock. That is, military depots with ammunition and guns, industrial facilities that produce these materials and equipment should not be on the indicated site. Naturally, a strictly limited number of military personnel should be present in the territory represented. With complete demilitarization, the army withdraws altogether. In addition, in the area where disarmament takes place, the use of defense equipment to resolve conflicts is strictly prohibited. That is, military operations cannot be carried out on a demilitarized site.
Features of the international disarmament program
The presented document occupies a special position in the system of regulating international relations. The main goal of the program is to develop opportunities for political solutions to problems without the use of weapons, as well as to reduce the combat capabilities of states.
With the help of this document, non-governmental organizations are trying to solve such problems:
- maximum disarmament of territories and the economy;
- improving the legislative base of states, that is, all issues should be resolved exclusively by peaceful and diplomatic means;
- ensuring the security of parties to armed conflict;
- an obstacle to the spread of especially dangerous substances and weapons of mass extermination of people.
How is the demilitarization process carried out?
Disarmament is a complex of measures that includes such actions:
- The general decision of the state and the world community to reduce the threat of the use of military equipment and supplies.
- Documenting this desire in the form of treaties of the parties, as well as government decrees.
- The gradual demilitarization of the territory and economy, the result of which is also approved in the papers.
- Joint guarantees of the world community to provide diplomatic and other types of support in resolving disputed issues. As well as documentary evidence of the security of the demilitarized zone, its protection from encroachments of other states.
- Strict control of the disarmament process by internal organs of the state, as well as external non-governmental organizations.
How is demilitarization controlled?
So, this process involves the following actions:
- prevention of illegal trafficking in nuclear weapons, as well as substances contributing to the mass destruction of people;
- the most accurate accounting of all military materials and equipment;
- lack of uncontrolled production and export of weapons;
- compliance with the rules of safe storage, transportation and laying of ammunition, as well as other MU substances.
Now you know what demilitarization is, the definition of the word, and also the essence of the process.