A cutter is such a single-blade tool, the purpose of which is to process various parts on lathes. In use, it can perform either rotational or translational movements. This is one of the most famous tools used when working on turning, rotary, grooving, boring and many other machines, as well as on automatic lathes and semiautomatic devices. A turning tool, depending on the type of machine, type of work, is divided into various types in shape, size, design. The tool is used to make parts with various surfaces (end, cylindrical, shaped, conical) from the workpiece by translational movement of the blade or rotation of the material.
The tool is used to work on various lathes, which, in turn, are divided into two types: for processing wood and metal. In the first case, it is presented in the form of a chisel, varying in shape, width. Metal turning tools consist of two parts: a head (working part) and a holder (a body that is fixed in the stationary holder of the machine). The working part consists of the top of the blade, the front, main and auxiliary rear surfaces, the main and auxiliary cutting edges.
According to the type of processing, turning tools are divided into the following types:
- walk-through (for external turning of parts);
- slotted or grooved (to obtain the grooves of the required width on the inner and outer surfaces);
- scoring (for sharpening ledges);
- boring (for processing holes);
- detachable (for trimming the workpiece);
- chamfering (for receiving internal and external chamfers);
- shaped (for processing parts of complex shape).
It is worth noting that these are not all varieties of turning tools, only the most common ones are considered here. There is a wide variety of these tools, differing in their purpose.
According to the shape of the cross section of the blade, the turning tool is divided into square, rectangular and round, and according to the design of the heads - into a straight, curved, bent and with a drawn head.
In the direction of feed, the tools are divided into right (movement from right to left) and left (movement vice versa). By the nature of the processing distinguish draft, finishing and semi-finished types of blades.
According to the method of fastening the cutting part, the turning tool is divided into one-piece, made of one piece of metal, and a compound, the holder and head of which is made of different materials. The second type, in turn, is divided into welded, with a mechanical or with a soldered plate. For the manufacture of blades special materials are used, characterized by high strength, reliability and durability. They provide quality machining of parts.
A turning tool is used in many machines, as mentioned above, automatic machines and semiautomatic devices in the production of various parts. Also, using this tool, you can make various exclusive things, get a unique product that will decorate any interior.