There are many diseases that fruit trees are prone to. They need to be cured in time, otherwise the tree will cease to bear fruit, or even die.
So, the topic of today's article is pear disease. There are several types of them. Our task is to describe the features and methods of combating such infections:
- Black cancer is a disease that is more dangerous for the apple tree. For a pear, the harm is not so significant, but also significant. So, pear diseases, the basis of which is black cancer, can be expressed in several forms. One of the most dangerous is damage to the bark on the boles and branches. First, small wounds appear, which are then surrounded by a dark purple spot that has a depressed appearance. Later it begins to grow. Damaged areas are covered with tubercles and cracks, leaves are covered with spots that have a brownish tint. The seriousness of this pear disease is that the fungus overwinter in the bark, as well as on the leaves that have fallen. As a struggle, the active burning of fallen leaves begins, as well as the removal of dried fruits from the tree. The wounds located on the tree need to be cleaned with a knife, then disinfected with copper sulfate (1% solution), and then glossed over (either with garden varnish or clay previously soaked in water). But in the case of clay, mullein must be added to it in equal proportions.
- A pear whose diseases are very difficult to cure can be infected with scabs. This disease occurs due to damage by a fungus that affects the tissues of shoots, fruits and foliage. The fruits become covered with dark (later black) spots and are deformed, and the leaves begin to fall off (with a high degree of damage). On the leaves, the manifestation of this pear disease begins with the formation of dark velvety spots, which grow later and lead to their decline. The spores of this fungus are carried by the wind after rain. As a rule, wet weather contributes to the spread of the disease. One way to combat this kind of pear disease is to spray trees and fallen leaves with 3% nitrafen specifically against fungi. As a rule, the procedure is best done in early spring.
- Cytosporosis is a disease that causes some sections of the cortex to dry. It takes on a brownish-red tint. As soon as an attempt is made to pull her off, she begins to urinate. There are pear diseases that are treated equally. This is black cancer and cytosporosis. Therefore, it does not make sense to talk about the detailed treatment of the latter. Exactly the same situation applies to scab and phylosticosis.
- Phyllosticosis mainly affects apple foliage, but sometimes it occurs on pear trees. A sign of this is the appearance of brown spots on the leaves. Most often, infection and the appearance of the first signs occurs in mid-June.
- Powdery mildew is a disease that also most often affects apple trees. It is characterized by the appearance of white plaque both on shoots and on foliage, fruits and bark. This leads to the death of shoots, ovaries and deformation of the flowers. In order to overcome this type of pear disease, it is necessary to burn fallen leaves and diseased shoots. When the bud isolation phase begins, it is necessary to spray with foundationazole or sulfuric preparations.
- Absolutely all stone fruit trees suffer from fruit rot . Brown spots appear on the fruits. The pulp becomes soft, tasteless and brownish. If the fetus enters the store, it becomes black on the outside, and black-brown inside.
In order to overcome the ailment, you need to collect the fruits affected by the fungus in the summer and bury it in the ground.