One of the most recognizable symbols of the city of Ivanovo is the Shchudrov Chamber. This magnificent building, erected in the XVII century, was able to carry through time the cultural heritage of their ancestors. It is difficult to overestimate the historical value of this unique building, given the fact that such an old building, a representative of the Russian architectural school of the pre-Petrine era, has not been preserved in any of the neighboring regions. Nowadays, the Shchudrovskaya Chamber is located in a modern Art Square.
History
Modern Ivanovo at the time of the construction of the future architectural monument was owned by the princes Cherkassky. They were not only very famous, but also a family rich at that time, which led to the high quality of the Shchudrovsky Chamber, because it was originally planned as an orderly hut, that is, the center of local government.
It was decided to set up the Shchudrov Chamber next to the Kokuy stream (the right tributary of the Uvodi River). It was assumed that the cottage will have two rooms of different sizes. In a large room, the clerk received visitors, kept various kinds of documents - registration books, which recorded the amount of taxes for serfs and the facts of its payment. The small room was the office of the clerk, that is, the manager hired by the owners.
Princes Cherkassky owned Shchudrovskaya chamber for more than a hundred years (from 1638 to 1743). Then this building changed owners several times. They were the Counts Sheremetyevs, who did not change anything in the well-functioning work of the order hut, and after them, Osip Ivanovich Schudrov. He was a native of serfs, who managed to accumulate a small fortune through trade. At this time, the textile industry was in full bloom, and businessman Osip Ivanovich quickly organized the construction of an additional two floors, turning the one-story Shchudrovsky chamber into a three-story one, and formed a screen printing production. It consisted in the fact that on the second floor on special tables printed various ornaments on canvases using manual labor. And on the third floor, designed in the form of a room with spacious windows, already made paintings were dried on special devices in the fresh air.
Soon, Osip Ivanovich Schudrov, who gave the name to his house, ceased to own it. But the owners closed the workshop and simply rented out the premises. The first tenants made cotton, and a little later they used the chamber as a warehouse. Then came the turbulent events of 1917, in which nothing was known about the operation of the Shchudrov Chamber in Ivanovo.
History of restoration
In the 1920s, the Shchudrovskaya tent in Ivanovo, the photo of which is presented in this section, received the title of cultural monument. In accordance with this, the authorities decided to restore it.
However, this was not destined to happen in the coming years. The new economic policy, famine and generalized industrialization of the 30s, the Great Patriotic War, and the restoration after it left no chance for the authorities to spend on such luxury. Therefore, restoration work dragged on until 1988. This is the longest restoration in the history of the Ivanovo region.
Due to the events of the 20th century described above, actual restoration work began in 1964. But at first the restoration was not successful. Experts felt that the bottom floor of the building, which had gone 2 centuries under the ground for many centuries, should be excavated. Only in practice did the former order hut end up in a pit that was constantly flooded, which had a very negative effect on the ancient foundation of the building. As a result of these actions, part of the wall was destroyed. Then the dug up floor was buried back. As a result, by 1988 the superstructure floors were removed from the tent.
History of the Shchudrovskaya tent in the USSR
During the years of Soviet and post-Soviet power, many tent owners changed. They turned it into a store selling gold and fur, and the next owner set up a casino there.
Back to 1988. Then the municipal museum of local lore announced the exhibition "Ivanovo antiquity", arranged inside. However, by 2004, the Shchudrovskaya tent was abandoned. Around there were mountains of garbage, and hooligans removed all windows and doors from the building of architectural heritage.
In 2010, the history of the Shchudrovskaya tent in Ivanovo received new pages. A popular collector Yuri Marushkin arranged inside the first non-state museum in the region, containing the skillful creations of the Konakovsky faience factory. It was originally planned that the tent would not be closed, but in the end she switched to a different mode of operation - according to the schedule. It is currently impossible to visit this museum.
Architectural Exclusivity
As already mentioned, the very fact of preservation of such an ancient structure is exceptional, because apart from it, not a single similar architectural monument has survived to us, but the construction style itself is interesting.
The Shchudrovskaya tent was erected on the basement - the basement and is a typical hut of those times with a canopy, divided into two rooms by a wall. The roof of the building is covered with a four-sloped hip roof. The main entrance is equipped with a porch with a staircase. Nowadays, the main passage, southeast of the center of the building, faces Krasnogvardeiskaya Street.
Contrary to the administrative purpose of the building, it is very well decorated. During its construction, the Shchudrovskaya tent should not have been different from neighboring buildings, as it was made in the popular for the mid-17th century style - the Russian “pattern” of brick. The openings for windows with cantilevered ramps are quite small and outlined with skillful slats. The corners of the building are presented as embedded columns. Externally, the top of a single floor is trimmed with multi-stage protrusions. It should be noted graceful belt that separates the basement from the main room. I would also like to draw attention to the rich decoration of the main entrance of the building.
The current position of the tent
Shchudrovskaya tent is recognized as an object of architectural heritage of federal significance. Formally, it is part of the city museum of local lore. At the moment, the building has been completely restored, and a fence has been put around it in accordance with its status. Now the chamber is closed for visiting, however anyone can order a tour of it, during which they will tell about its history. Also, soon a new tourist and information center will be opened in this building.
Visit mode
Address of Shchudrovskaya tent: st. Sovetskaya, 29. Visiting hours: from 11:00 to 17:30. Weekends: Mondays and last Friday of the month.