Lipetsk region is a subject of the Russian Federation located in the European part of the country, one of the regions of the Central Black Earth Region. The presence of fertile soils and favorable climatic conditions have contributed to the development of crop production and gardening here. In our article you will find detailed information about the largest rivers of the Lipetsk region - Voronezh, Matyr, Ryas, Sosna and others.
A brief geographic overview of the region
Lipetsk region is part of the Central Federal District. It borders with Ryazan, Oryol, Voronezh, Tambov, Kursk and Tula regions. The total area of the region is 24,047 square meters. km, the population is 1.15 million people. The main city is Lipetsk.
The western part of the region is occupied by the Central Russian Upland, the eastern - by the Oka-Don plain. The erosion relief prevails: the territory of the region is rather densely "dissected" by ravines, gullies and river valleys. Lipetsk region is completely located within the forest-steppe natural zone. Forests cover only 7% of its territory. The climate of the region is temperate continental with a pronounced seasonality. The average annual rainfall is 400-500 mm.
Almost all the rivers of the Lipetsk region belong to the Don basin. The only exception is the Ranova rivulet, which flows in the north-eastern part of the region. It belongs to the Volga basin.
The main rivers of the Lipetsk region (list)
The region has an extensive and well-developed hydrographic network. A total of 127 rivers and over two hundred streams flow on its territory. In most cases, their sources are underground springs. The largest rivers of the Lipetsk region are listed below:
- Matyra.
- Voronezh.
- Don.
- The Dead Cassock.
- Beautiful Sword.
- Pine.
- Olym.
- Again.
- Swimmer.
- Ptan.
- Bygora.
The total length of the region's river network exceeds 5,000 kilometers.
Many rivers of the Lipetsk region are full-flowing. They are characterized by a mixed type of food with a clear predominance of snow (from 60% to 80%). Spring flood occurs in mid-April. Summer low water is often interrupted by rain floods. The rivers are covered with ice at the beginning of December, while the freezing, as a rule, lasts 125-130 days.
By the nature of the current, all watercourses in a given region can be conditionally divided into two types:
- Rivers flowing from the Central Russian Upland. They are distinguished by a relatively rapid course and significant deviations.
- The rivers of the Oka-Don plain. They are characterized by insignificant slopes and a low speed of the water flow in the channel.
Don
The largest river in the region is, of course, the Don. It crosses the region from north to south almost in the middle. The total length of the river is 1870 km (within the Lipetsk region - only 315 km).
The Don begins in the Tula Region, flows through the territories of four regions of Russia and flows into the Sea of Azov, forming a large multi-arm delta. The Lipetsk region accounts for the upper reaches of the river. The Don is not wide, very winding and shallow. For residents of the region, the river is of great recreational importance, because its channel provides excellent opportunities for kayaking and summer vacations on numerous sandy beaches.
Voronezh
The Voronezh River originates in the Tambov Region, then flows through the Lipetsk Region and flows into the Don already in the Voronezh Region. Of the total length of 342 km, the region of interest to us accounts for 223 kilometers of its length. It is on this river that two large regional centers stand - the cities of Lipetsk and, in fact, Voronezh.
Voronezh is one of the most polluted rivers in the region. The Soviet writer and publicist Andrei Platonov in the 30s of the last century described her like this:
The once deep-water and strong river became decrepit, exhausted, and descended to a filthy puddle. And to a large extent, this happened because a man put his hand to the river.
According to long-term observations, the maximum permissible concentrations of certain harmful substances at the mouth of Voronezh exceed the norms for phosphates by 1.7 times, oil products by 5.3 times, and by manganese oxides more than 13 times.
Matyra
The largest tributary of Voronezh, the Matyra River, is also not ecologically clean. The presence of the above substances in its waters is recorded in approximately the same proportions. Matyr flows into Voronezh near the city of Lipetsk. In its lower reaches is the largest fresh water reservoir of the region - Matyrskoe. It was created in 1976 for the needs of the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant. The area of the reservoir is 45 square kilometers.
Canteen of the Cassock
This is the second largest inflow of Voronezh in size and water content. Stanovaya Ryasa is a river in the Lipetsk region, as well as in the Tambov and Ryazan. The total length of the watercourse is only one hundred kilometers. The name of the river comes from the word "cassock". So in this area is called a swampy, swampy place. "Standing" - means the main, the main. Indeed, in the hydrographic system of this river there are other cassocks - Moskovskaya, Yagodnaya and Rakovaya.
Pine
In the Lipetsk region, the river is the largest tributary of the Don. Its length within the region is about one hundred kilometers. The river is fed by spring and melt snow waters. It is distinguished by a very winding channel with numerous reaches and rifts, as well as a significant current velocity for a plain watercourse. For this, the Pine River received the bailiff - Bystraya.
Beautiful Sword
Another major tributary of the Don, flowing into the main river on the right side (near the village of Tyutchevo). The total length of the Beautiful Sword is 244 km, within the Lipetsk region - 54 km. The river is distinguished by clean, clear water (due to a mostly rocky bottom) and rich ichthyofauna. Its waters are inhabited by pike, dace, perch, bream, burbot, roach and many other types of fish.
It is curious that in some historical sources the river appears under the name "Beautiful Sword". The origin of the hydronym is explained in one of the local legends. Allegedly, the Horde Temnik Mamai lost his beautiful sword, crossing precisely over this river.