A modern pellet stove is a heating device, in the design of which the latest technologies are implemented, which made it possible to significantly increase its efficiency while significantly reducing the weight and dimensions.
The principle of operation implemented in the design of pellet stoves-fireplaces
Products of the above design relate to long-burning furnaces. They work on pellet granules with the implementation of the principle used in convection ovens, but without most of the inherent disadvantages.
- The main difference between convection heaters is heating without the use of a liquid coolant. They heat the air in the rooms, which reduces fuel consumption and time for heating.
- The pellet stove additionally implements this principle due to the gas generator available in its design (afterburner chambers, in which the gas released during the combustion of pellets is burned). This ensures the generation of additional heat.
- A number of models of this design provides for the arrangement of special convection channels (empty cavities or pipes) placed around the entire perimeter of the furnace. This technical solution allows the use of convection law. Picking cold air from the floor through the existing openings, pellet stove fireplaces heat it, after which the hot air rises upward, giving off heat to the room.
- Pellets are fed into the furnace from a special tank (screw feed), where they enter the burner or retort. The design includes automatic ignition, after which the fuel burns slowly.
In order to increase the efficiency, the pellet stove is equipped with additional technical devices (smoke exhaust systems, forced air supply, dosed pellet supply, etc.).
How does a classic pellet stove fireplace work?
The arrangement of furnaces, the design of which allows to organize heating on pellets, has special elements adapted specifically for the fuel mentioned. It:
- a hopper connected to a pellet stove (the capacity can be changed, thereby regulating the duration of autonomous operation). This option is not available for pellet fireplaces. They use only an integrated tank;
- screw feed pellets. This device provides portioned loading of fuel into the chamber of the firebox. Has an electric drive gear;
- burner. The pellet stove is equipped with a retort burner that operates continuously. It allows you to bring the autonomy of such a fireplace stove to significant indicators (a day or more, depending on the capacity of the hopper);
- fan (one or more, depending on the model). It supplies the required amount of fresh air and removes the resulting combustion products;
- control Panel. The furnaces of the mentioned design have an automatic control system, which is pre-programmed from the touch panel.
It must be understood that such furnaces cannot work in the absence of power supply.
Features of products with a water circuit
Pellet stove with a water circuit is a hybrid design. A special circuit, moving along which the coolant is heated, is made of several pipe registers that are mounted along the walls of the furnace or directly in it.
Other structural solutions for arranging a water circuit
There are models of fireplace stoves in which the issue is resolved differently. In them, the coolant moves inside the walls, which are made double. This option is called a "water jacket."
The third solution, which is much less efficient and practically not used in new models, is the installation of a hot-water tank in the upper part of the furnace.
The coolant circuit of any design is necessarily combined with the heating system of the building, which allows the use of a pellet stove-fireplace as a heating device for the whole house. If necessary, it can be used for the domestic hot water system (hot water for technical needs). You can use any pellets. The price for them can range from 5500 to 7500 rubles per ton.
A fireplace stove not only helps create an atmosphere of coziness and comfort, allowing you to admire the open tongues of a living flame, but can also be considered as the main heating device (in small country houses) or as a source of backup heat in a large private house heated by a water heating system, having its own boiler of any design.
Advantages of pellet fireplaces with integrated water circuit
- Pellets, the price of which is quite reasonable, are a manufactured type of fuel. This allows you to set their geometric dimensions at the production stage, which, in turn, made it possible to automate the supply of such fuel to the fireplace firebox.
- The use of such materials made it possible to achieve continuous operation of the furnaces of the aforementioned design for very long periods, which facilitates their operation.
- This fuel makes it possible to adjust the output power of the heating device taking into account the actual temperature in the building.
- All pellet stove fireplaces have fireboxes of a closed type. Therefore, they do not dry the air in the room and demonstrate a higher efficiency.
conclusions
Innovative technologies implemented in the design of pellet stoves have made it possible to significantly increase their operational characteristics and capabilities. This explains the ever-growing demand for products of this type.