Peledysh Payrem is a popular national holiday, which is celebrated in the Republic of Mari El. It was created during the birth of the Soviet Union. It symbolizes the spring-summer revival of nature, designed to cultivate patriotism and love for a small homeland. Today is celebrated on the third Saturday of June.
history of the holiday
Peledys Payre was first established in 1920. He was celebrated in the Mari village of Cernur. The decision was made at a special meeting of the provincial congress, which was held in the
Vyatka province. The purpose of the holiday was quite certain - to demonstrate to the Mari the good intentions of the Soviet government.
At that time, the local media called on everyone who cherished the future of the Mari people to come to paynez payera in Sernur.
Holiday initiator
The main ideological inspirer of the holiday was the Mari poet, playwright and public figure Alexander Konakov. He lived and worked at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries.
Konakov graduated from military-economic courses at the Volga Academy, which was based in Kazan. He taught pedagogy. It was he who founded the holiday, which was originally called Yoshkar Peledysh Payre, which literally means "Red Flower Festival." He is still considered one of the most beloved and revered among the Mari.
In 1922, Konakov suddenly died of an illness. He was only 34 years old.
Replacing folk traditions
Feast of pauldysh fire was supposed to replace the traditional folk festival Semyk.
It has been very popular in Russia since the 17th century. It was also celebrated at the end of spring field work. On this day, the deceased were traditionally commemorated, as well as those executed and dead from disease and starvation. Young girls held special ceremonies that were supposed to help them soon have a baby.
Peledys Payre was to become a new Soviet holiday. At the first celebrations gathered not only locals, but also guests from the surrounding villages. It all started with a solemn procession, then sports games and a rally took place. In the evening, they staged the play "Ertyshe" based on a play by local author Tokmurzin. It ended with poetry readings and a concert.
On that day, a torch was lit in Sernur, which was then solemnly carried across all the surrounding villages and villages.
Revolutionary Workers Day
In 1923, this holiday received official status. It became a people's revolutionary day for all working people of the Mari Autonomous Republic. The date of the celebration was set Thursday, when Semyk celebrated.
Therefore, in 1923, the mantle with fireweed in Yoshkar-Ola took place on May 23. Its organizers were prominent Mari cultural figures - Efremov, Shketan, Palantai, Chavayn, Shabdar.
In the early years, preparations for the holiday were treated with particular care. In 1925, it was arranged in one of the sacred groves on the site of traditional pagan rites. The famous cultural researcher of the Mari people, Soloviev, in the mid-60s reported that many eyewitnesses remember how this day was celebrated. After this holiday, we can confidently say that the Mari culture has finally come out of the darkness and backwardness.
In addition, the festival of peledish fireworks in Yoshkar-Ola played an important role in the education of the Mari.
Ban holiday
In the 30s, Soviet authorities banned the holiday. He was revived only at the initiative of Valentin Semenovich Gubin. The decision was made at a meeting of the Bureau of the Mari Regional Committee of the Communist Party. Officials decided to revive the annual celebration of this holiday. The date was determined the third Sunday of June. Just at that time, the main spring field work was ending.
In a conversation with local media, Gubin recalled how he came up with the idea to restore this holiday. According to him, in the mid-60s, he led the department of culture in Sernur. The old men told him enthusiastically how in the 1920s this holiday was celebrated for six years with the filing of the Mari writer Konakov in their places. It was a kind of celebration dedicated to the end of spring field work. Then actively planted new Soviet holidays instead of old traditions.
Many remembered the rallies, lectures, campaigns for a healthy lifestyle, as well as beautification. Everyone especially liked the idea of honoring the best workers who showed themselves in the fields.
Therefore, it was decided to revive this holiday in a new way. The leadership of the republic came to him, they liked the idea. Therefore, they decided to fix it officially. To do this, they issued a special decree on the annual celebration on the third Sunday of June. This decision was made at a meeting of the regional party committee and the republican Council of Ministers.
In the history of modern Russia, the date of peledys with fire has once again changed. In 1996, it was postponed to June 12. It began to be celebrated simultaneously with the Independence Day of Russia, which later became known simply as the Day of Russia.
Only in 2009 returned the more familiar Mari people date - the third Saturday of June.
Holiday format
At present, the republican ministry, which is in charge of culture, the press and affairs of nationalities, has developed a single form for this holiday for rural residents. It is divided into two parts - official and entertaining.
The official part includes the ceremony of raising the flag, summing up the results of spring field work. In the entertaining part of this holiday, fascinating games, concerts, and performances by the best local creative groups are always present.
The most massive celebration is organized in Yoshkar-Ola. Here it takes place in the format of festivities. First, the grand opening on the main square of the city. A costumed procession starts from there, various exciting events are organized.
Today it is not only a holiday of all Mari peasants. He, as in those days when it was just in its infancy, has a pronounced patriotic character. Again, all participants are taught to love their small homeland, to be in awe of fulfilling their civic duty. Today he remains one of the most beloved among the Mari.