The well in the summer cottage or in the courtyard of a country house is an inexhaustible source of water. Even with its complete emptying after a while, it is again filled to a certain level.
Nowadays, it is rarely possible to find a person who draws water from a well manually using buckets. This is because the necessary volumes are increasing: you can bring 1-2 dozens of liters to the house for cooking, drinking and washing hands without much difficulty, but washing, taking a bath and watering the garden area will require much more time and effort.
To free a person from routine water supply operations, submersible water pumps are used. The industry offers several options for such devices, sometimes very significantly different. Despite the fact that they all belong to the group "submersible pumps for wells", it is very important to be able to understand at least the main existing modifications. This will not only allow you to optimally dispose of funds during the purchase, but also guarantees a long service life of the device.
Well submersible pumps and their features
The name itself suggests that this group is designed to work underwater - this is normal. The electrical part is hermetically sealed, and the reliability of all connections is so high that some submersible pumps for wells may not be removed to the surface for years. Even maintenance can be done every few years.
Submersible pumps for wells allow water to rise from a depth of more than 8 meters, which is unattainable for surface modifications.
In the thickness of the liquid, the device should be placed in such a way that not less than a meter remains to the bottom, and more than half a meter from the surface of the mirror. In this case, the suspension of clay and sand suspension, which can destroy the mechanism, is excluded.
What are submersible pumps for wells?
The most affordable ones are vibration-type devices. Their design is quite simple: the electromagnet coil is stationary and filled with a compound, the second part (due to which the water is ejected) is a movable element. Since the current in the household network is variable, the piston oscillates with a frequency of 50 Hz (sometimes 100 is indicated, but this is taking into account the return movement). The work cycle is as follows:
- movement of the piston away from the check valve. Due to the rarefaction that occurs, water is drawn into a special chamber;
- the vibrator rejects the entire movable structure back. Water is squeezed, but since the valve does not release it, there is only one way - through the outlet channels to the pipeline. The process is then repeated. Such pumps are good for not too intensive use: the service life of a rubber piston rarely exceeds 2-3 years.
Therefore, centrifugal models are more promising. They have only three drawbacks:
- quite a lot of weight, requiring a reliable cable and fastening;
- relatively high electrical power reaching kilowatts;
- cost.
The principle of their operation is simple: disks with blades of a special design are placed on the shaft. During rotation, increased pressure is created on the outer sides, and lower in the center. Due to this, water is pushed out of the pump into the pipeline.
The third type is screw. The principle of operation is similar to a meat grinder: water is pushed towards the exit by the walls of a kind of screw. Their disadvantage is a quick failure in case of mechanical impurities (sand and other elements).