Mobilization preparation is a complex of state events held in peacetime and aimed at mobilizing all public structures in the shortest possible time. Also, this concept may mean the psychological preparation of the population for the impending threat. In our article we will try to cover this issue in more detail, and also talk about the mobilization preparation of the Russian Federation and what it consists of.
Concept and wording
Unfortunately, many novice analysts confuse the concept of mobilization training and mobilization. In the Russian Federation, training exercises for military operations are held almost annually. However, real mobilization is a rather rare phenomenon. In order to understand this issue well and not to make common mistakes, let us first get acquainted with these two concepts, and only then we will move on to a detailed analysis of them.
- Mobilization is a complex of various measures aimed at transferring the economy of the country and various entities to martial law. Such an action can only be carried out in wartime. The main mobilization work is carried out by armed forces and special forces.
- Mobilization training is all peacetime activities. They are aimed at preparing the population and economy of the country for possible mobilization. Training can be carried out not only in the armed forces, but also in schools, hospitals, enterprises, etc.
Thus, mobilization and mobilization training in the Russian Federation are inextricably linked. However, they have quite different formulations of concepts. Preparation for mobilization is just a set of procedures that are carried out for "preventive" purposes and may never be useful. But mobilization is a serious event that is held in wartime and is aimed at protecting the state.
Preparation for mobilization in the Russian Federation
According to the law on mobilization and mobilization training in the Russian Federation, a group of institutions is obliged to carry out various activities in advance aimed at improving the preparedness of the population for possible mobilization. However, such actions should be carried out according to certain rules, the most important of which are described in the list below.
- Centralized leadership. Preparatory activities should be managed by the central headquarters. He gives orders to various ministries, and those to certain institutions. After that, each head physician or school director is obliged to give an appropriate order to conduct mobilization training among staff, students and so on.
- Advance execution. This item is most often neglected. Each manager must understand that the level of preparation of citizens for a possible threat depends on his responsible approach. That is why mobilization training should be carried out on time, and not when there is no time left for this. Therefore, it is important to observe the schedule of preparatory measures.
- Consistency and complexity. Some organizations conduct mobilization training "for show", so that later the relevant authorities do not turn to them with a question. However, such negligent attitude directly contradicts the goals pursued by such a procedure. Therefore, it is necessary not only to coordinate the event in time with the relevant authorities, but also to conduct it in accordance with all the rules.
If at your enterprise or in an educational institution all the above rules are followed, then you can be sure that in case of a threat you can protect your loved ones by following the previously studied methods. The following sections will provide more detailed information on how quality mobilization should be carried out in our country.
Mobilization Training Tasks
As mentioned earlier, the management of mobilization training plays a very important role in preserving the lives of citizens in case of danger. However, in order to understand in more detail what a similar procedure is, it is necessary to study the main tasks and goals that it pursues:
- methodical and scientific support of the civilian population;
- preparation of public authorities for wartime conditions;
- training of armed military units in conducting combat operations;
- development of mobilization plans to support the economy in the war;
- the creation of special forces for mobilization;
- assessment of the mobilization readiness of the state.
It is also worth noting that for such tasks, Russia quite often engages in cooperation with other countries, especially when it comes to military exercises. Such events help to achieve better training in a short time and test your own strengths with a potential enemy, whose plans are not known in advance.
Health mobilization training
This item deserves special mention in our article, because not everyone understands to the end why medical institutions should carry out such a procedure. However, if you think about it, it is the doctors who need any country that has been drawn into the conflict. Therefore, the Ministry of Health should also carry out a set of different procedures aimed at preparing for mobilization:
- development of methodological and legal documents in wartime;
- preparation of all institutions and organizations for the period of mobilization;
- various activities for the preparation of special units;
- accumulation and creation of resources needed in wartime;
- organization of military registration among the general population;
- reservation of citizens in stock.
In addition, the professional development of workers deserves special attention, because without the proper skills the doctor simply will not be able to receive several dozen patients with various injuries per day. To do this, you need to have not only impeccable knowledge in the field of medicine, but also a special psychological preparation so as not to panic at the sight of the severed limb of a shell-shocked soldier. The doctor must be competent and cold-blooded.
Building Civil Defense
As a rule, the concepts of mobilization training and civil defense are inextricably linked. It happened historically in our country. When the enemy advances to our Motherland, the entire population stands in its defense: from adolescents to the elderly. Such formations are called civil defense and appear only in wartime. However, their training can take place during mobilization training.
Civil defense has many directions, depending on the activity that it performs and the capabilities of the participants. Some units are aimed at protecting the civilian population in wartime, others play the role of rescuers and get people out of the wreckage, others deliver humanitarian aid to the besieged areas, and others simply work for the benefit of society, producing the products necessary for the front.
The mobilization training plan for civil defense may vary in each region depending on the type of activity that this formation performs. For example, among high school students groups are often formed whose main task is to help people in distress. Volunteers help the household with disabilities, the elderly, women, whose loved ones went to the front or died in the war.
Preparation of the FSB for mobilization
It is worth noting that mobilization training of executive authorities, in particular the Federal Security Service, has a huge role, since such units have a huge impact on maintaining order in wartime. Unfortunately, even during the occupation, there are individuals who want to cash in on someone else’s grief. The Federal Security Service, which stands guard over the rule of law, helps to prevent this.
In addition, special units of the FSB often perform special operations to take hostage commanders or eliminate especially dangerous targets. In order to conduct such an important event with special accuracy, various methods of mobilization training are used in state bodies. Units organize ongoing exercises to free hostages or seize cargo, training real professionals in their field.
Call for service of citizens in stock
So, now you know that mobilization training is a very important event that can save the lives of many citizens in wartime. It is also worth noting that during the mobilization an urgent appeal is created, which is subject to almost all citizens, except for those who have an unexpunged criminal record for particularly serious crimes. In addition, deferment is granted to the following categories of citizens:
- having dependent more than four children (for women - one child);
- mothers who raise more than two children under 16 without a husband;
- deputies of the State Duma and members of the Federation Council;
- disabled people and citizens with the latest fitness category.
In addition, a delay may be granted to citizens who are forced to care for sick relatives or children with disabilities, whose illness is confirmed by relevant documents. All other citizens who are in reserve are called up for military service and carry out the activity that suits their state of health. Permissible categories of fitness for mobilization: A, B, C, G.
Also mobilized are all citizens who have completed military service and are in the reserve of the armed forces. A similar order applies to all men whose age does not exceed 60 years. For this, military commissariats can set up special reception centers in various state institutions: schools, universities, hospitals, kindergartens, and so on.
What do mobilization forces do?
In wartime, mobilization forces can perform a wide variety of jobs that fit professional skills, occupation, opportunities, and so on. Mobilization does not mean at all that women and old people will go to the front, as it was during the Great Patriotic War. Some citizens remain to live in their homes, but at the same time are engaged in work that benefits the state and the front.
If we are talking about training mobilization, then such an event is most often carried out only in the troops. However, there is the possibility of mobilizing the civilian population. In this case, all people are distributed according to their duties and begin preparatory work. Such events are rarely held longer than a few days, however, it is likely that mobilization training will drag on for a week, or even two.
Responsibilities of organizations in mobilization
If it happens that an enemy attacks our country, the state will announce an immediate mobilization of forces throughout the country. In this case, organizations that are subject to mobilization will have to follow certain rules. Below is a small algorithm of actions by which most enterprises operate.
- The general mobilization of employees or students is announced.
- A call-up event is held and readiness for action is provided.
- Special mobilization bodies are being created where workers are appointed.
- Mobilization plans are being developed that do not exceed authority.
- Special mobilization orders are appointed by the state.
As regards the last paragraph, special attention should be paid to it. In wartime, the state acts as the customer of various services and works that are performed at the regional and federal levels. With the help of such orders, it is possible to maintain the country's economy at an optimal level, as well as provide the army with all the necessary resources for conducting military operations. As an example, we can take the Great Patriotic War, when even schoolchildren made parts for hand grenades on machines and sent them to the front.
Video and conclusion
We hope that now you understand that mobilization training is a set of measures aimed at educating the population in protecting their state. If the information from the article seemed to you insufficient for mastering the material or you still have some questions, we strongly recommend that you watch a short video, the author of which talks about the principles of partial and full mobilization, as well as provides clear examples.
As you can see, preparation for mobilization is very important for any modern state. In the Russian Federation, such activities are carried out only partially and only in individual institutions. For example, preparation for a possible mobilization is carried out among young men in high school, when they undergo military training and are sent to this military unit. There they were first trained to shoot from a machine gun and to raise an alarm. Girls also go through the basics of medical training. Be sure that such knowledge will definitely not be superfluous, since no one knows what will happen tomorrow. Peaceful heaven over your head, dear readers!