As a result of numerous studies, it became known that with insufficient intensity of ventilation or in its complete absence, the content of substances polluting the air in the apartment exceeds the permissible norms by a factor of ten. In addition to the person who emits carbon dioxide, particleboard furniture, paint, plastic, wallpaper, wax, flooring, aerosol cans become sources of harmful substances. The gas stove contributes to the deterioration of the atmosphere inside the room. In stagnant air, mold spores can be detected. And also the vital products of microscopic ticks. Polluted air has a negative effect on human health and can cause damage to the structure of a building. And here the filtration systems are powerless, which will purify the air that once filled the room. Maintenance of air hygiene of the rooms is ensured by their ventilation. That is, the regular replacement of polluted air with fresh air coming from the street.
The essence of the problem
The issue associated with the ventilation of the premises of an apartment building is quite relevant. Most modern buildings are equipped with natural ventilation. Mostly fresh air is in the rooms due to the gaps in the windows. From there, he enters the corridor through undercuts of interior doors, and then he is met by a ventilation grille with a check valve. From apartments, such air enters the channels of natural ventilation mounted in houses under construction. They are usually made from special concrete blocks. For each vertical of apartments one or two such channels are used.
Reliable screening
In most typical high-rise buildings in the kitchen there is only one ventilation duct. Its geometric dimensions are defined by standards, they determine its performance. Cooker hoods should not be connected to it. Some people ignore this rule, because of which it turns out that the residents of the upper floors receive air that is "expelled" from the apartment with an exhaust hood. If a similar phenomenon is observed with you, then you can recommend you install a special valve. The check valve in the normal state is open due to the fact that the air in the ventilation duct is slightly diluted. This allows air to leave the room. When back draft occurs, the valve crosses the channel section. Therefore, polluted air cannot get into the apartment. Some ventilation equipment is already equipped with integrated check valves.
Fans
The main problem of the natural ventilation system can be called the fact that its performance depends on random climatic factors: wind direction and speed, air temperature inside and outside the room, as well as others. For example, in winter, when the temperature difference is quite large, the ventilation system works very efficiently, and in summer this figure drops to zero. In the most common cases, you can simply solve a similar problem by installing a ventilation valve with a fan in the bathroom and kitchen. To date, the most widely used devices that operate from a conventional home electrical network, and they are controlled by a rope switch on the device itself or the main one, located next to the light switch in the room. For the bathroom there is a special device equipped with a humidity sensor. He turns on himself when he determines the increase in the level of humidity. He also turns off when the parameters in the room reach normal values.
Installation locations
The ventilation valve in the toilet can be equipped with a motion sensor, a delay timer and a fan, then it will turn on when a person appears, and then turn off after a while after leaving. One can cite as an example such a model as the 100/125 MATR (Vents, Ukraine).
A good kitchen option is a fan that turns on after receiving a signal from an external indoor air quality sensor . As soon as its condition gets worse, the sensor transmits an activation signal for the fan. After normalizing the indicators, the device turns off with a certain time delay, which depends on the configured parameters. An example is the Vario wall fan model (Vortice, Italy) with a C Smoke sensor mounted on a ventilation valve.
Subtleties of choice
In the process of choosing a particular model, it should be understood that cheap options are "consumables", that is, after 2-3 months of operation, they will need to be changed. Only high-quality devices, in which the rotors of the motors are mounted on ball bearings, can work for about 4.5 years. Ventilation equipment will work much more efficiently if the fan motor is powerful enough, but this figure should not be too high.
Fancy vents
If before installing new metal-plastic windows, you were quite satisfied with the ventilation efficiency provided by old wooden structures, then it is worthwhile to set the latches in winter ventilation mode. In the narthex of the windows micro-cracks will form, which are enough to ensure the influx of the required amount of fresh air. You do not need any additional devices or appliances. However, with this option of opening windows, street noise will begin to penetrate the room. Drafts may also form. If such a problem has become urgent for you, it is worth using a forced-air ventilation valve, which provides access to fresh air in the housing without unnecessary noise.
Installation of such devices is possible anywhere in the home. Their work does not require electricity, and their throughput is 2-50 cubic meters of air per hour. Flow control is done automatically or manually. The location and number of valves are determined as a result of the calculations. An apartment usually requires at least two. The ventilation valve in this case provides the required level of penetration of fresh air.
How it works
The higher the draft indicators in the ventilation duct and the higher the wind pressure on the facades, the more air will flow through the ventilation valve. Sometimes the inflow is too strong, which is why it is necessary to limit it. Therefore, it is not recommended to place it at the head of the bed, especially a childโs bed, as in winter the flow of cold from it can be quite strong. Ventilating grate with check valve is also not quite an effective solution to the problem of fresh air. Since in summer, the temperature difference does not allow for the natural movement of air masses. That is why it is recommended to equip such devices with fans.
Stagnation in the ventilation system
There are times when the polluted air does not go into the ducts, and if you bring a candle flame to the hole, it will not even move. There may be a number of reasons for this. For example, banal clogging of the ventilation duct, redevelopment by a neighbor, and other factors. The easiest way to solve this problem will be to contact the Housing Office, so that the specialists of this organization will help determine the causes of this phenomenon. However, it is often necessary not to wait at all for help from the state. It is not worthwhile to endure stale air in the room for a long time, it will be best to organize exhaust ventilation of the apartment, which will exhaust the exhaust air directly to the street, and you can simply insert plugs into the openings provided for according to the plan. For these purposes, you can use the wall ventilation valve, operating in constant mode or only on demand. Such installations suffer only from one factor - the exhaust openings freeze on the street if the cold is too strong. But they function without problems most of the year.
Tasks and scope
The ventilation valve, the price of which can be from 200 rubles, depending on the size and functionality, takes on many tasks. When used, it is important to resolve some issues. To prevent cold air, dust and poplar fluff from entering the room, the system is equipped with a device such as a ventilation grill with a valve. It is often used in household systems. Sometimes it happens that the hood in the bathroom or in the kitchen lets odors into the room. It is in this situation that the right solution is to install an exhaust fan. A check valve must be included with it. It will not allow air from the mine to enter the room if the device is not started. And when the fan is running, there is a forced discharge of air into the mine.
Specifications
The non-return valve may have a circular or rectangular cross-section. The most common option is the โbutterflyโ variety. A pair of petals is attached to the axis, which divides the cross-section of the valve in half. The springs on them are so installed that the air can pass in only one direction. The ventilation grill with a non-return valve has a similar design, but here a number of petals are used that are located in parallel. When the air current reverses, the valve is tightly sealed. When designing ventilation, you should definitely consider any factors that can jam the spring of the petals.
Reviews and conclusions
A ventilation valve is a convenient solution for a home located in a tall apartment building. Since it allows you to ensure the proper level of ventilation with the fan turned on. And when it is inoperative, penetration of air from the ventilation system is excluded. Judging by the reviews, we can say that there are the highest quality representatives in the middle price segment, although you can find quite cheap models that meet all the requirements of users.