Any competition of research projects involves not only the presentation of your project, but also its proper design. In order to have a chance of success, it is important to take seriously and responsibly the procedure for processing the results.
Innovative projects
In the modern economy, virtually all firms use project activities. This allows companies to take part in tenders and competitions, receive money for the implementation of their ideas.
An innovative research project is a form of targeted management of the company in modern conditions.
In order to achieve the goals, the project should be thought out a system of measures and decisions that are interrelated in terms of resources, deadlines, performers. When implementing innovative activities for each process, a separate project is selected. It is a system consisting of many solutions in individual areas:
- technical;
- scientific;
- production;
- financial;
- marketing;
- managerial
Sections of the innovation project
Since it can be considered a business project, standard sections are distinguished:
- description;
- company profile;
- product description;
- features of marketing research;
- production project;
- specifics of sales;
- financial calculations
The development of a research project involves a long and serious work. It is aimed at solving urgent practical and theoretical problems that have a national economic, socio-cultural, as well as political significance. A distinctive feature of the research project is the relevance and novelty of the goal, the realism of the tasks.
Components
A research project has several parts that determine the stages of work. The first stage involves the formulation and justification of a scientific topic, conducting preliminary theoretical research. It is at this stage that the costs of the work are estimated, and the estimated effectiveness is also calculated.
At this stage, the research project includes:
- An explanation of the relevance of the selected topic.
- The study of scientific literature, an indication of the discoveries and achievements that are used to solve applied problems.
- Setting goals, objectives, expected results.
- Overview of the results that are in the analyzed area.
- Selection of research methods.
- Drawing up an action plan.
- Selection of equipment, materials, tools.
- Budgeting.
- Assessment of the estimated economic effect.
- Thinking over applications
A research project involves a technical and economic justification, which is approved by the head of the organization.
Further, material resources are allocated for the implementation of scientific research. Thus, the research project moves on to the second stage. Methodological guidelines for the practical part are created and thought over, where clear goals and objectives of the project are determined, plans and methods are detailed and refined, material and technical issues are worked out, standardization and metrology are discussed.
At the third stage, the research project involves performing research, as well as discussing the results obtained during the work. In its course, they confirm or refute the hypothesis put forward, or clarify theoretical points. Next, production and technical conclusions are formulated, the final part of the project is drawn up. The results obtained are used in the development phase to obtain a technical innovation project. The project is one of the most common forms of work used in modern production.
Technical project
Consider what is characterized by a research project. Themes are selected by the author himself so that they are of practical interest, that is, they are relevant.
Its logic is similar to innovative developments. State research institutes oversee such research.
The first stage involves setting the design goal, identifying the main structural, operational, economic indicators.
International research projects are related to the terms of reference. They are attended by a marketer, innovation manager, designer, constructor.
At the next stage, the choice of structural and functional schemes of the created product is made, and its uniqueness is checked. To achieve the desired result, the participation of a process engineer is required.
Upon completion of this stage, a technical proposal is created , including records with economic and technical calculations, a product quality map, functional and structural diagrams, statements, a patent form.
Setting scientific goals allows you to create a technical product, on the basis of which research will be carried out.
Important points
The terms of reference and the proposal are based on market needs derived from marketing research. They determine the composition of the cost, consumer, functional properties of the created technical object.
The project supervisor determines the goals and objectives of the work, he is also responsible for the preparation of a follow-up plan.
At the initial stages of design, it is important to choose the best methods and tools for the project.
Next, the question of the selection of structural design decisions of the created product: the composition, layout, schemes. The scientific literature on the subject of the project is used for economic calculations.
For design work, the specificity of which is a creative approach, a departure from classical scientific approaches and the use of innovative methods are allowed.
School design
After the introduction of second-generation standards in the state educational system, research and project activities became mandatory at all levels of education. The supervisor, in the role of the teacher, helps the project team determine the topics of work, choose goals and objectives, put forward a hypothesis, and choose a methodology for conducting experiments on the research issue. Particular attention in school projects is given to observing safety during experiments, which is important for environmental and chemical programs.
The scientific literature selected for review should not be outdated, as this will reduce the efficiency and quality of the work being created.
Project Option
We offer a project option involving the cultivation of cranberries in a personal plot. In many European countries, as well as in the United States of America, there are long huge territories reserved for cranberry cultivation. In addition, in America, this berry is also grown in gardens. The Americans bred about 200 varieties of cranberries, berries reach the size of cherries. In the United States, about 11,000 hectares of land are allocated for cranberry planting. The Americans managed to develop a mechanized technology for growing cranberries. In Russia, the first plantations appeared in Kostroma and Karelia, there is no such information on the intermediate results of the project.
In the Arkhangelsk region (for 2014) there is no enterprise engaged in the cultivation of cranberries. The main reason is the lack of an investor (an expensive project), as well as the reluctance of businessmen to work with “seasonal products”. In the future, it is planned to implement a project to create a cranberry enterprise (Kholmogorsky district), but currently there is no detailed information on the status of the project.
Cranberry Growing Technology
Steven cranberries will require a well-lit patch of land. Cranberries are planted in spring in late April - early May, and also in autumn in October. First, a trench digs 30 cm deep, 1 m wide, its walls are strengthened with slate or boards. Cranberries are a moisture-loving berry, but increased humidity negatively affects its development and growth. It is recommended that cranberries be planted in those sections of the soil where the groundwater level is at a height of 30-35 cm. With a lower placement of groundwater, additional irrigation will be required to obtain a full crop of cranberries. Preliminarily, the soil site on which the cranberry planting is planned is freed from weeds, loosened, moistened, a small amount of river sand is introduced into the soil. The site should be sunny, trees and shrubs can grow along the edges to protect the plantation from the wind.
Cranberry shoots before planting for 10-15 days are stored in wet sphagnum moss or water. Cut them on the day of planting or the day before it. Before planting cranberries, double superphosphate is applied to the soil (at the rate of 14 g per 1 square meter).
After that, “Stevens” cranberry seedlings are planted. They are planted with a pointed peg to such a depth that the seedlings protrude above the surface no more than 2-3 cm.
Cranberry seedlings are placed on a bed according to the scheme of 25 x 25 cm or less, the shoots are straightened on a plot (too long sprinkled with earth in 1-2 places), and then watered. Moisturize the soil daily after planting for 1 week. For winter, in the first year of planting, the plantation must be covered with spruce branches or mulched with sand, it is not necessary to cover the fruiting cranberries.
Business work plan
In the domestic market of the Russian Federation (NWFD) there are almost no analogues of this project, so competition will be minimal.
To start production, expensive equipment is not required, there is no need to hire workers, which minimizes the cost of the project.
The demand for cranberries is stably high, it is purchased in large volumes by food industry enterprises for the manufacture of ice cream, yoghurts, and in confectionery shops for baking cakes and cakes. It is also available to sell the grown berries through retail outlets of the city and the district.
The main obstacle to our project is the lack of investment, the need for a one-time investment of funds, and the duration of the project. The risk of the project consists in worsening weather conditions (the project assumes seasonal profits), as well as in the instability of the economy.
In addition, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the project will not pay off immediately, so many entrepreneurs do not consider it as a source of profitable investment.
For the implementation of the project, they chose the “Stephens” cranberries. It is frost-resistant, suitable for the harsh climatic conditions of our region, matures in September. Cranberries of the Stevens variety are characterized by large berries, the weight of which reaches 3 grams. Productivity per 1 m 2 is - 1.5 kg. The fruiting period of cranberries occurs in the third year after its planting. To care for planted seedlings, weeds must be periodically weeded, fertilizers applied, and irrigation and additional mulching of the soil should be carried out.
In the first three years, when there is an intensive increase in the vegetative mass of plants, nitrogen fertilizers are used to a greater extent. At the next stage (after 3-4 years), when the plant begins to fully bear fruit, the amount of nitrogen is reduced and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are used to a greater extent. Cranberries are a long-lasting plant. With proper agricultural technology, it can bear fruit for more than 50 years.
Land lease - 10 m 2 (per 1 month): 0.02 rubles. for 1 m 2 . The calculation of the rent is based on the calculation of the basic rental rates and specific ratios approved by the Government of the region.
The total rental price will be 2.40 rubles per year (0.20 rubles per month), but it is worth noting that the rent will increase annually due to an increase in the size of the land.
Project Conclusions
The average payback of the project will significantly reduce financial risks (lower product costs or lower demand).
The commissioning of this project will become a source of replenishment of local and federal budgets.
Due to the lack of competition, problems with the sale of products should not arise, therefore, in addition to selling cranberries and seedlings in the domestic market, one can consider the issue of the enterprise entering the international market.
Establishment of cranberry production in sugar in individual packages with advertising information (at the request of the customer).
When entering the industrial scale - the creation of jobs. For one hectare of cranberry plantation, 140 thousand cuttings will be required, the yield will be more than 10 tons. About 1.8 million rubles will be required for tillage, design, planting material, payment for workers, equipment. When selling berries at a minimum price of 40 rubles per kilogram, the income will be (in 3-4 years) more than 350 thousand rubles.