Due to the difference in the nature and specific features of numerous types of construction and installation works, various types of trusts or associations may exist in the production system of this sphere. The construction trust is one of the main self-supporting units of the management system. He has economic independence and has at his disposal certain labor and material resources.
Its functionality
The main tasks performed by the trust include:
1. The function of erection and commissioning of construction facilities and facilities, the production of the whole complex of installation and construction works in compliance with quality and timeliness indicators.
2. The increase and optimal use of all available capacities, the growth of production efficiency of the construction industry through intensification.
3. The solution of the problem of a systematic increase in labor productivity and the competent distribution of labor resources through the introduction and development of the functions of a team contract.
4. Reducing the cost of work on the construction of the facility and improving the whole organization of production and management in this area.
5. Development and implementation of the necessary measures related to environmental protection.
How are the works
The possible construction methods are contract and self-supporting. In the first case, the implementation of all necessary work is carried out by specific design and construction organizations, attracting their own personnel and material and technical resources on the basis of concluded contracts. Their task is to erect and deliver the construction project to the customer on time, provided for by such an agreement.
As a rule, the organization of work with the help of a contractor allows for the operational management of both material and labor resources, which makes it possible to scheduledly commission fixed assets at the right time and fulfill the tasks that are planned regarding the growth of labor productivity and reduction of time costs.
What can be a trust?
In addition, trusts may vary by type of activity. Some of them are engaged in general construction operations, involving a wide range of basic work in this area - from excavation to finishing. Others have a narrow specialization in a certain type or in a whole complex of homogeneous operations (for example, surveying or installation).
As for the coverage of the area of activity, the construction trust can be both a site at the city level, and exist on the scale of a territorial and even all-Union organization.
Who the trust consists of
The control unit is divided into linear and functional personnel. The first includes those workers of the trust itself and its units who perform certain special functions in preparing production and managing its conduct. Functional personnel include all the rest - foremen and senior foremen, foremen, surveyors, mechanics, dispatchers, etc. Its lower link is a construction worker.
The administration of the trust is an apparatus subordinate to its manager, whose function is to guide the SMU. The manager is authorized to individually organize the work of the entire enterprise without issuing additional powers of attorney. On behalf of the trust, he represents his organization in contacts with third-party legal entities and individuals, disposes of its funds and property, has the right to conclude contracts, issue letters of attorney and open bank accounts on behalf of the enterprise.
Organizational structure of a construction company
To fulfill the tasks of normal functioning, the trust, like any organization, must have a number of units in its composition. They relate to the main production, that is, the implementation of construction and installation works, as well as the auxiliary, concerning the manufacture of semi-finished products and those that serve the main working needs. In this case, we are talking about transport, supply, etc.
The connecting link between the structural links of the organization (trust) is the main of its bodies - the management system. The functions of each of the units can be schematically displayed by building a certain structure of the construction organization. Let us briefly consider what they do in the main departments.
The main links - SMU (construction and installation departments) and UNR (offices of the chief of work) - are engaged in the procedure for the direct implementation of the entire investment project or some part of it. Here there is an active use of resources and materials necessary in the construction process.
What is PPR
The management data do not have fundamental differences in the structure of the construction organization. Their task is to ensure the successful functioning of such a difficult process as construction. For this purpose, they develop and apply the so-called PPR (work production projects), which include a lot of components - from technological maps and documents regarding the quality of construction and installation works, to calendar plans with a detailed schedule for organizing the construction process.
The organizational structure of these units may vary depending on the size or production capacity of the unit. Accordingly, the positions of those responsible for the main divisions, for example, " capital construction engineer" or the like, may vary somewhat.
What are they doing in each of the sites?
Responsibilities of the chief engineer
The head (manager) with the help of two or three deputies manages the entire enterprise.
The position of chief engineer implies the solution of issues of technical and industrial activity, as well as responsibility for labor safety and its proper organization. He can be called the chief construction technologist . The departments that are subordinate to it are production and technical (VET), as well as labor and salary organizations (OTiZ).
The chief engineer is also responsible for the service of the chief mechanic and safety officer. The post of the latter, as a rule, is a senior engineer.
What do VET do
The task of VET is to accept from the management of the trust or from the direct customer a package of design and estimate documentation for the object that is planned for construction. The next step is to study it with the identification of all possible inconsistencies and comments, formulating claims if necessary. Then, if there is no project for the production of works, the task of the VET is to organize its development.
This department plays a leading role in determining material needs - stocks of materials, structures and products, as well as all necessary mechanisms and technical means. The vocational schools also plan the optimal organization of the production process both at the facility itself and in all auxiliary production facilities. The employees of this department distribute production tasks by performers, monitor in the process of their compliance with the execution of design and estimate documents, as well as the numerous requirements of Construction Norms and Regulations (this is how building codes and rules are abbreviated).
Other VET functions
The structure of the construction organization, as a rule, also relates to the tasks of this department the control of the actual consumption of necessary materials and the accounting of labor resources. Among other things, specialists should monitor compliance with safety and sanitation standards at the construction site.
He also organizes and controls the execution of all executive documentation. VET conducts technical training activities for engineers (engineers and technicians) and workers.
Other posts and units
What does the chief mechanic do? His job is to identify the need for the right amount and types of building mechanisms and machines necessary for the work. Plans for automation and mechanization of work are also being developed by him. The duty of the chief mechanic is to provide the object with the required amount of electricity, oxygen, compressed air and acetylene for conducting all the most important production processes.
OTiZ (department of labor and salary) helps the main manufacturers to develop and prepare planned work tasks for each team, forms the regulatory framework for labor, maintains all reports on the costs of working time and human resources.
The safety (safety) engineer is responsible for training workers in competent ways to carry out construction operations, conducting briefings, and monitoring compliance with safety standards.
Economic issues
The responsibility of the chief economist is planned work in conjunction with the analysis of activities and the solution of all commercial issues of the work of the SMU. He has several departments under his supervision, from planned to estimated contractual, including, of course, the accounting department of a construction organization. The role of the latter is one of the most important. Everyone knows that without this service, not a single enterprise is able to function.
In the planning department, with the direct participation of the site managers, both annual and operational production plans for the entire SMU and its specific units are developed. It also summarizes the results of each elapsed planning period. Together with the accounting department, the fulfillment of all tasks is taken into account and the costs incurred are summarized, statistical reporting is compiled and the entire activity of the trust is analyzed in the production and economic plan.
Accounting and the department of estimates and contracts
The task of the accounting department of a construction organization is to record all costs associated with production, to analyze the stages of the organization and all departments. Then - to draw up a balance sheet for each of the calendar periods, to organize a system of cost accounting within production.
Other most important goals are to control the correctness of the expenditure of materials and all costs associated with them, pay with third-party organizations for the performance of specific works, accrual and payment of wages to employees.
The function of the estimate and contract department in the structure of the construction organization is to consider the design and estimate documentation received from the customer, carefully study, formulate, if necessary, comments and necessary claims, issue the documents executed in the necessary way to the contractor, and take part in organizing the development of the project. In addition, this department deals with the conclusion of contracts and pricing.
What do suppliers and personnel officers do
The functions of the deputy head of the SMU in charge of supply are to ensure construction production with all types of material resources. He carries out marketing work and concludes a supply contract for everything necessary through the supply department. The role of the latter is to determine and calculate the necessary need for the number of building materials, products, structures, equipment, work clothes, tools, etc. together with TVET.
The data obtained is transmitted to the procurement department. The deputy head of the SMU may also conclude an agreement on the supply of a particular resource independently. Another name of the supply department is MTO (material and technical department), which is associated with the task of organizing it and ensuring living conditions for all employees of the organization.
In large UNRs there is a personnel department; in smaller units, the position of personnel engineer is provided. The task of this specialist or the aforementioned service is to recruit labor thanks to advertisements or through the labor exchange, to manage the design of all documentation relating to the reception of employees, their dismissal, training, advanced training, etc.
Construction company management: who is responsible for what
As a rule, in the direct subordination of the manager is the management of the estimated contractual and planning departments, as well as personnel and the accounting service. Other units are usually run by alternates. One of them (most often this role goes to the chief engineer) acts as the first deputy manager of the trust.
Others are production and economics deputies (or chief economist). The areas of their responsibility are coordination of subcontractors and the dispatch department and, accordingly, everything related to issues of the planning and economic activities of the trust. Often the deputy in charge of economics is tasked with overseeing the activities of the estimated contractual and health and safety.
Among other things, his duties involve close interaction with the service of the chief accountant. The same, according to the law, has the right of direct submission only to the manager.
The Deputy Procurement Manager also directs the activities of the legal adviser and secretary. The Administrative Department (ACU) and the typewriting bureau, as a rule, are directly subordinate to the deputy for everyday life and personnel.