Probably not a single room can be imagined without doors. This is an integral part of any building, which serves to block the opening that is used for entry and exit. It is worth noting that the dimensions of the opening are selected strictly according to the dimensions of the door itself. A block is used as the basis for any door leaf. This is a certain box on which the canvas is hung. Today, different types of door blocks are used. And today we will consider what criteria they differ in and how to properly install.
Varieties
Door blocks are divided by:
- Appointment (there are internal and external).
- Material (distinguish between metal, wood, PVC blocks or veneered). The first type is usually chosen as the outdoor. But the internal ones are most often made of wood.
- The number of valves (single and bivalve). The first type is the most popular. The second is usually installed at the entrance to the hall or other premises of a large area.
- Enclosing functions (glazed and deaf). The first type is often installed in small rooms. Bivalves are found in large halls and in living rooms.
If we talk about outdoor units, they are subject to special requirements. So, these structures must be durable and provide high heat-shielding characteristics. To match these data, many manufacturers make such doors deaf, with additional insulation.
Dimensions
This characteristic is determined by building projects. There are also standardized block sizes:
- For exterior doors: 2.1 x 1.2 x 0.9 meters.
- For internal - from 2.1 x 0.7 to 2.1 x 1.6 meters.
An important characteristic of the doors is thermal protection and sound insulation. This issue should be given special attention when buying. The door leaf itself is a movable part of the door and is often made of hardwood. Hinges are made of brass or steel. Experts do not recommend purchasing budget options, as they do not have the proper heat and noise insulation, and also have unreliable locks.
Door Unit Installation Requirements
This information is regulated in SNiP and contains the following requirements:
- The overlap of the platbands on the wall should be from two centimeters.
- The maximum deviation of the door frame vertically is 30 millimeters.
- Vertically arranged bars are fixed in at least two places with an interval of up to 100 centimeters.
- Handles are mounted on a single level.
- The maximum gap between the door leaf and the floor is 5 millimeters for the inside and 12 for the toilet and bathroom.
- Between the floor and the bottom edge of the door, the gap should be from 15 to 20 centimeters.
- The installed door should not have a creak.
- The canvas is exposed strictly vertically.
- The unit is mounted on pre-aligned walls.
After installation, the correct installation of the structure is always checked. The block must have a geometrically regular shape. The slightest distortions are excluded. This can further create trouble during operation.
Mounting technology
The installation of the door block includes several stages:
- Doorway preparation and box assembly.
- Trying on the canvas.
- Installation of hinges, boxes.
- Inset of the castle.
- Installation of expanders.
- Installation of platbands.
Recommendations
So that the installed wooden or metal door block does not cause inconvenience, it is important to follow the recommendations of specialists:
- It is necessary to purchase the structure in advance (about a week before its installation).
- When choosing, you need to consider the dimensions of the doorway.
- The canvas should already have a doorway of about seven centimeters.
- After acquiring the design (for wood products), you need to leave it in the room for a couple of days.
- Installation should be carried out after all repair and finishing work in the room.
- Do not keep the canvas near heating radiators in winter for quick drying.
Preparatory work
So how are the outer door blocks installed? First you need to conduct a series of preparatory activities. At the first stage, you need to put the canvas in an upright position and mark out the fixation of the loops, as well as the lock. We make a mark for the latter at a height of 90 centimeters from the floor.
As for the hinges, they are attached to the door block at a distance of 20 centimeters from the lower and upper edges of the door. Then the loops are applied and the place for milling is marked. After that, the surplus is selected using the chisel. Then loops are applied and holes for screws are drilled. Apply a vertical stand to the canvas. This is done in such a way that a gap of two to three millimeters remains. After the marked area of fixation of the tongue of the loops.
Build
How to assemble the door block? This operation is performed in several stages:
- First, vertical racks are measured. If necessary, they need to be trimmed.
- Lay two racks of wood under the racks for the entire length of the canvas. This is necessary so as not to damage the box.
- Next, a horizontal bar is applied to the racks. With a hammer, the docking places are tapped.
- Using a screwdriver, the door block is finally fixed. Construction screws are screwed into the corner joints.
How to fix additional elements?
As extensions, you should use the trims. It is important that they be the same color as the door leaf. The recommended thickness of the elements is from 8 to 12 millimeters.
Here's how to fix the add-ons step by step:
- Using a chisel in a box, quarters of 8 x 8 or 10 x 10 millimeters are selected.
- All operations are done along the outer contour of the box.
- The vertical and horizontal bar of the extension is cut.
- The box is mounted and fixed in place.
- In the quarter, the bar levels are set.
- Planks are fixed with dowels to the slope.
What next?
On this work does not stop. Installation of the door block continues further:
- The block is mounted in the opening. It must be wedged from the back of the canvas.
- The hinges are level.
- Marked areas of the opening of the opening.
- The door block is removed from the opening and holes for dowels are drilled in it. The latter are further driven inland.
- Then the door block is installed in the opening.
- It is necessary to wedge and level it by level.
- Fixation is performed using self-tapping screws.
- Fitted linings, latches, cylinders, door handles and bathroom wraps (if any).
- The quality of the opening is checked.
- The mounting area of the counterpart of the lock is measured. A counter plate is drilled under it. The latter is fixed with screws.
- The slopes are wetted with a spray gun and the block is insulated with foam.
- After a day, the spacers are removed and excess foam is removed. This can be done with a clerical knife.
- The quality of opening and closing the door is checked. It is important that there are no distortions. Any defects are best eliminated immediately, before the start of operation of the structure.
- Technological openings are closed with decorative caps (usually included).
- Settlers casters.
Conclusion
So, we found out what types of door blocks are (metal is better to choose as external) and how to install them. Installation is quite possible to do with your own hands. This will take about two days, taking into account the hardening of the foam.