Bone glue in most variations is an appropriate base based on organic components. They allow you to effectively combine elements from wood, cardboard, hardboard and other similar materials. The connection itself is characterized by maximum strength, even when the structure is destroyed, you can notice that not the adhesive layer is deformed, but the adjacent layers of wood or analogues. The mixture in question includes safe organic components that are allowed to be used to equip educational institutions and children's rooms.
Types of bone glue
To prepare the support composition, several main types are used, differing in the main components:
- The leather version.
- Fish composition.
- Pure bone glue.
The latest version is the most common, the composition is obtained from animal bone waste. The most valuable items are granules obtained from horns. The kit includes collagen, gelatin and cysteine, which have excellent viscosity, are able to firmly glue wood products and similar materials.
The fins are made from leather industry waste. In fact, the main part of the material consists of subcutaneous tissue, cut off when dressing skins. Oligopeptides and scraps of genuine leather are often added to this glue. Release - scales, tiles, powder.
Fish bone glue is prepared from bones, heads, scales, entrails, fins. This substance is the most expensive, while it is often used for icon painting and other works requiring maximum care and accuracy. A composition for bonding dissimilar parts is produced, produced in the form of granules or flakes. Consider the features of all variations, as well as the features of their operation.
Wood furniture with PVA
Separately, PVA glue can be noted. It is completely synthetic, while safe, as are its protein variations. Its use at the legislative level is permitted in preschool institutions.
Benefits:
- Excellent options for connecting wood, cardboard, paper.
- High rate of elasticity.
- Resistant to moisture.
- Excellent grip on machined surfaces.
- Transparency after drying.
Cooking
Bone wood glue is mainly sold in dry form. The mass is brown or yellow small granules, sometimes this material is presented in the form of small plates. Can the quality of the composition be visually determined? The cleaner and lighter the material, the better the product. The cooking process is also as important as possible. For example, a tile needs to be crushed to a crumb state, and then used for its intended purpose. The preparation of bone glue is divided into the following stages:
- Soak. Powder or granules are poured with cold, pre-boiled water. Liquid from the tap can adversely affect the quality of the finished mass. Fill the container so that all elements of the adhesive composition are covered. Soaking is considered correct if the substance becomes soft and gelatinous. The soaking process takes from 4 to 12 hours, depending on the amount of processed product.
- Cooking. Swollen glue should be boiled for about 15 minutes in a steam bath. The temperature regime can withstand about 60-80 degrees. The result should be a homogeneous liquid mixture without lumps. It is important not to heat the mass on an open fire and not bring it to a boil. Otherwise, the protein from which the granules are made will begin to deform, while the adhesive ability will decrease. After the formation of a thin film on the surface, the adhesive mixture is ready.
Features
The readiness of bone glue for wood can be checked in another way. A stick is raised above the composition, with which the substance was mixed. If the product flows down in drops - the process is not completed, complete readiness is evidenced by the flow of mass in a single-color stream.
For cooking natural glue use a special device - a buttercloth. It consists of two vessels of different sizes, one of which is inserted into the other. A large-sized tank is filled with water, and the second tank contains the resulting glue. At the next stage, a small vessel is placed in a large tank, put on fire. The optimal manufacturing material for the buttercloth is copper.
Recommendations
You can make gluten glue yourself. To do this, you need to take two containers of different sizes. The outer shell may well serve as a tin can. Inside it, insert a tin can attached to the wire.
The quality of the adhesive composition can be improved by adding various fixing agents. This will allow the use of glue for fixing not only wooden surfaces, but also other analogues.
Among the components used, the following materials are most popular along with efficiency:
- Drying oil. About 10 grams of linseed oil or 40 granules of natural drying oil are added to the composition. This component allows you to increase the resistance of the weld to moisture.
- Glycerol. No less effective component, makes it possible to use glue when processing leather surfaces. It is added at the rate of two teaspoons per liter of the finished substance.
- Chalk powder coupled with wood ash. After sifting this mixture, add it in a small amount. Paste improves putty properties
- Phenol, ammonia, borax. These components are an excellent antiseptic that prevents the formation of fungus and mold.
Storage
Protein-based natural adhesives have their own characteristics. Users who use these formulations for the first time should consider some of the features.
Among them:
- Adding boiled water. This is necessary if you want to make the mass thinner, or to extend the cooking time of the composition.
- The optimum operating temperature varies from 30 to 70 degrees Celsius. After that, the finished adhesive mass retains its properties for two hours (subject to an ambient temperature of 20-25 degrees). Then the composition begins to cool, pi its properties are lost.
- Ready joiner's glue is not subject to long storage. A day later, he loses his properties. In this regard, for its use it is necessary to use as many granules as required for a specific operation. On the third day, the composition begins to decompose and smell unpleasant, due to its protein base. The adhesive is applied in layers no thicker than 0.2 millimeters. A thicker layer will simply not set properly.
Exploitation
Casein glue can serve as an analogue for gluing wooden furniture. It consists of sodium fluoride, kerosene, copper sulfate and slaked lime. This composition is not used as often as it has a short shelf life and a predisposition to dry, change color and decrease in volume.
Work with wood glue is somewhat different from the use of synthetic analogues (for example, PVA (polyvinyl chloride analog), which is also used for gluing cardboard and wood).
Cooking
The operation algorithm can be derived as follows:
- The glue is prepared according to the above method, with a clear control of the cooking temperature.
- All bonding surfaces must be dry and clean. The maximum moisture content for wood is no more than 10 percent (veneer is half as much).
- The adhesive mass is applied with a bast or bristle brush on both surfaces, the thickness of the seam is 0.1-0.2 mm.
- Three minutes to wait. This will allow adhesives to grip securely and not squeeze out when connecting parts.
- After fixing the elements, you will need to grind them together.
- It is desirable to tie the processed parts with twine or squeeze with a clamp.
- Full operation of the product is allowed no earlier than after six hours of exposure.
conclusions
All of these types of wood glue are environmentally friendly. Construction operations are best performed with a mezzanine version or PVA. These substances have excellent setting properties and affordable cost. For restoration and gluing of delicate and thin surfaces, glue from fish raw materials is suitable.
The main criteria for choosing wood glue:
- The lighter and more transparent the granules or tiles, the better the raw materials used.
- The most expensive and best glue - from fish waste. It meets the highest standards. It is used for restoration work and joining delicate surfaces.
- Bone and fleshy composition is used for ordinary repair work.