Rolled roofing roofing material, the technical characteristics of which allow the material to meet the highest operational requirements, has long been successfully used in the construction of a waterproofing layer of the roof. The simplicity of installation and further maintenance allows the construction product to be used by both private developers and large construction companies.
Ruberoid: technical specifications
The criteria for assessing the quality of the material are composed of the requirements for roofing materials. This is waterproof, the degree of water absorption, frost and heat resistance, the ability to reflect ultraviolet rays and so on. The strength of the canvas is also important, because the environment of use is often extremely aggressive, and the roof needs additional strength.
Ruberoid is made from several layers of light cardboard impregnated with a bitumen solution. The finished fabric on both sides is covered with a thin layer of refractory bitumen, on which a coating layer is then applied, which is fine slate crumb, sand or mica, and the difference in grain size is reflected in the form of a letter when marking. A layer of limestone or talc is applied to the back of the roofing material, preventing the layers from sticking together when twisted into a roll.
Styling features
As with similar bitumen materials, roofing material must be laid on a dry and clean surface. A day before laying, the roll is unwound and allowed to straighten. When using a conventional cardboard-based canvas, it is recommended that at least four layers be laid, the inner layers of the roofing carpet being made of double-smoothing rolls, and the top layer should be coarse topped. This laying method is used to cover a flat roof without bending.
In the case of using roofing material with a polyethylene base, special bituminous mastics are used for its sticker. There are two types of mastics: “hot” and “cold”. With the hot method, the mastic is preheated, and with the cold one, the ready-to-use mastic is used.
The surface of the base on which the roofing material will be laid must first be primed. The primer can be purchased ready-made, which will save time, or prepared by dissolving bitumen in gasoline or kerosene.
After the primer dries, a layer of mastic is applied to it and then roofing material is laid in compliance with an overlap of 70-100 mm. The upper layers of the roofing carpet are shifted by a third of the width of the canvas, and the last canvas is covered with a layer of mastic with further dusting with coarse sand or gravel.
Roofing material as a roofing material
The low cost of roofing material makes it possible to use it as a roofing material in low-budget construction, and the simplicity of laying makes it possible to dispense with low-skilled labor and a small number of workers.
- Performing the first stage of preparation for coating with roofing material, you need to build a crate. It is worth considering the peculiarity of the material, namely its flexibility and elasticity. The distance between the boards of the crate should be no more than 10-15 cm.
- To prevent deflection during rain and snow loads, continuous coating of the crate with a layer of plywood is recommended.
- Depending on the angle of the roof, the number of layers can be reduced. For example, on a roof with a slope of 34-40 degrees, you can lay just two layers of roofing material.
Options for laying roofing material on the roof
For roofing, roofing material is most often used, the technical characteristics of which include coarse-grained and dusting.
A simple method that does not require special qualification is the laying of roofing felt canvases on the crate from top to bottom with an overlap of 20-30 cm through the ridge. In most cases, the length of the roll allows you to cover two slopes of the roof at once, without cutting the canvas into pieces. The roofing material currently supplied to the market for a roof with a coarse-grained coating is 10 meters long, and with a dusting coating it is 15 meters long, which makes it possible to choose the desired type and size of roll needed to cover a particular roof.
The second method is somewhat more complicated, it is laying sheets across the roof slope. The first sheet is stacked from below, taking into account a small margin for bending, and the next sheet with an offset over the previous one. The skate is covered with one sheet with a bend on both slopes of the roof.
The third method is a combination of the first and second. The roofing material on the roof with the first layer is laid in longitudinal stripes, and the next - transverse.
In this case, all layers are fixed using metal strips or wooden planks pinned to the crate.
Waterproofing with roofing material
In the construction of foundations, coating with roofing material for insulation is used quite often. It perfectly protects the basement of the building from moisture and moisture. Most often, roofing material is used to protect strip foundations, on the upper surface of which a layer of mastic is applied, and a canvas is laid on top of this layer. It is recommended that you repeat this procedure several times to ensure the proper level of waterproofing. Surpluses are not cut off, but start down as a continuation of vertical waterproofing.
It is worth noting that in the absence of direct sunlight, the life of the roofing material increases significantly. That is why its use as a waterproofing foundation allows you to forget about the repeated procedure for many years.
Standard marking
Ruberoid is produced in accordance with GOST 10923-93, where the parameters and rules of marking are clearly specified.
The main dimensions of the roofing material are as follows:
- The length of the canvas is 15 meters.
- The width of the canvas is 1 meter.
On the roofing material, technical specifications, grade and sprinkling material (legend) are applied directly to the roll. They are indicated by the following letters: K and P - the appointment of roofing material, roofing or lining; K, M, P, H - indicate the type of powder used in the manufacture.
For example:
- the letter K means that the roofing material has a coarse powder;
- the letter M is a fine-grained sprinkle;
- P - dusting;
- H - flake topping.
Also in the marking there are numbers 300, 330, 350, 400, indicating the density of the cardboard base, which is measured in grams per square meter.
For example, the marking of RPP 300 means that this roll of roofing material is intended for the lining of the roof, has dusting, and the cardboard used for production has a density of 300 grams per square meter. On average in Russia, the cost of roofing material is from 250 to 350 rubles per roll.
Calculation of the amount of roofing material upon purchase
The number of layers of roofing material depends on the angle of the roof slope. With a roof slope of 45 degrees or more, only one layer is needed, at 20-40 degrees two layers are quite enough, at 5-15 degrees a four-layer installation is necessary. On average, laying one layer costs 75 rubles per 1 square meter. A two-layer roof will cost half as much, that is 130 rubles per 1 square meter.