The word "plaster" has become commonplace and natural for us. One way or another, we encounter it in everyday life, but few people think about how it appeared. But her story is one thousand years.
The oldest traces of plaster that scientists have been able to discover date back over 9,000 years.
Initially, it included clay and straw. According to some historical data, the Egyptians used powdered calcined gypsum mixed with water as plaster. But thanks to the ancient Romans decorative stucco appeared, which later became known as the “Venetian”. It included marble processing waste. They were mixed with slaked lime, diluted with water and applied to the wall.
Types of plaster
Over time and the development of technology, the composition of the plaster has changed, but only one thing remains unchanged - this is the method of applying it.
Currently, when carrying out construction work, stucco on beacons is most often used. This method of application allows you to get a flat and vertical surface. This subsequently makes it possible to significantly facilitate the finishing work, such as wallpapering, ceramic tile lining.
That is why lighthouse plaster has become so popular. Let us briefly review the technology of this process.
Initially, the wall is installed in the same plane strictly vertically with
using the building level, special plaster beacons made of thin tin. Sometimes some craftsmen use wooden or mortar beacons. The distance between them depends on what rule will be used for plastering.
Next, mix the mixture for plastering the wall. This can be a mortar prepared on the basis of cement, or a gypsum-based plaster mixture . Put it between the lighthouses and, having relied on them as a rule, evenly distribute the plaster mass.
The final stage is the so-called nakryvka - the final layer, which is subject to smoothing and grouting.
Stucco on lighthouses has one insignificant minus. When the walls are very uneven, when leveling, a large consumption of material occurs, which leads to a rise in price. In those cases where the creation of a strictly vertical surface is not required, and plaster is needed only to protect the wall from external influences
factors, plastering without the use of beacons.
And finally, decorative plaster. It is performed on an already prepared smooth surface. As the name implies, its purpose is wall decoration. For this, ready-made mixtures or self-made are used. They are applied with a spatula in a thin layer, after drying, it is either painted or waxed to give a glossy surface.
This, of course, is a short digression. In fact, the lighthouse plaster has a lot of different subtleties and tricks. And before you decide to do it yourself, you should at least follow the work of a real master.