Oil paint is a popular tool for processing a variety of wooden surfaces, giving them an aesthetic appearance and protection against damage. Thanks to them, the surfaces not only acquire the desired shade, but also become resistant to water and moisture.
Features of oil paint production
A concise description of the process is as follows:
- a small amount of pigment is bred in the required proportion with drying oil;
- the remainder of the mineral flour is gradually introduced into the oil paint and diluted with a binder until the desired consistency is reached;
- to improve quality, liquid paint is passed through a special device - a spray gun;
- in a thick composition, before starting work, add the amount of drying oil indicated on the package or beam. As a rule, this is 20-40 percent of the volume of the container.
LKM characteristics
Binder and pigment form the basis of the paint. The first is a binder called linseed oil. The second is responsible for the color of the material and is produced by 85% of companies on the basis of non-soluble mineral flour. In only an open jar you can notice the sediment formed at the bottom. This is caused by the fact that the coloring pigment is heavier than oil, therefore it goes down. Therefore, all instructions mention that before painting it is necessary to shake or mix the composition. After that, the oil paint is ready for use.
Paints and varnishes are delivered to the market in containers of 0.5-3 liters.
It is possible to determine that the paint is not fake, according to the label, which without fail contains the following information:
- pigment color;
- paint consumption per square meter when applied in one or more layers;
- the purpose of the substance and the possibility of coloring different surface options;
- solvent options for oil paints.
In construction, it is not uncommon to use paint and varnish for the purpose of decorative coating of surfaces, creating a soil layer on wooden parts. Such formulations are diluted using:
- petrol;
- solvent naphtha;
- turpentine;
- kerosene;
- White Spirit.
The composition of oil paints
Drying oil is a viscous brownish liquid. They make it from vegetable or synthetic oil, which determines their belonging to a particular group. Most popular are oil and alkyd compounds.
Alkyd linseed oil is a substance made on the basis of oil-modified resins. Oil formulations are divided into three main groups:
- natural;
- combined;
- drying oil oxol.
The first option, belonging to the ecoclass, is distinguished by quality, but the cost of such a paint is beyond the range of other material options, therefore, such drying oil is rarely used in industrial production.
Color variations
The color variety of paints on the market is surprisingly diverse. It can be red, yellow, brown, blue or green paint, and the list of pigments can be replenished to infinity, including matte, pearlescent and shimer shades.
Among the hundreds of flowers, the buyer will definitely choose the one that he needs. When mixing different tones, it is really possible to achieve a new shade of paint at home, if necessary. The selection of paint depends on the design vision and tastes of the client. It is customary for exterior decoration to use darker tones and deeper shades, and for interior work - light and bright.
Please note that after some time, oil paint fades in the sun due to its properties, losing saturation. Therefore, when external work is done, several layers are applied or deeper and more pronounced, pigmented tones are used so that the surface does not seem dull. The color of the paint also affects the determination of its consumption per 1 m 2 area.
Marking for paint
Regardless of the manufacturer, the labels contain product codes:
- B - may be diluted with water.
- P - powder paint.
- B - does not contain volatile substances.
- VD - water emulsion.
- OD - organo-dispersed paint.
Please note that if only one substance is used as a pigment, then its name is indicated on such a bank, but the word “paint” is not written.
Some material flaws
Oil paint for walls as a finishing finish is rarely used in modern times, and the fault is a number of shortcomings, which are important to familiarize yourself with:
- It dries for a long time. Full drying, depending on the type of paint, occurs after at least 6 hours, and may take several days.
- In the production of modern coatings, non-natural varnishes are used, since they are cheaper. As a result, caustic compounds, toxic substances, are released into the air, which makes the finishing painting of the internal surfaces of the house impossible due to insecurity.
- Because of its composition, oil paint does not breathe at all, which leads to cracking of the coating.
- The yellowness acquired over time due to drying oil in the composition spoils the appearance of the surfaces, modifying their shade.
- Modern alkyd coatings are distinguished by greater reliability, durability and elasticity than oil coatings, which negatively affects the second level of sales.
Oil-based paint cost for indoor and outdoor use
Despite the disadvantages listed above, oil paint as a finishing material is popular in various fields of human activity. The main reason for this is the low cost and availability of coatings, because not everyone can afford more expensive means. The price of oil paint starts at 150 rubles per can of 0.3 liters in Moscow.
Features of the use of oil paints
Average flow rates when painting surfaces are 100-150 g / m 2 . This amount depends on the structure of the surface to be treated. For example, due to its roughness and characteristics, wood absorbs well any liquids that fall on it, therefore, paint consumption increases. Indeed, sometimes it is required to cover an object with several layers of coatings.
Due to its composition, oil paint is suitable for use on virtually any surface:
- plastic;
- concrete;
- metal;
- wooden.
Oil paint for interior work is often used for finishing, furniture design and its restoration. Using the usual means, you can transform any interior, making local changes to the decoration or furnishings or remodeling the whole atmosphere.
How to coat the surface
Consider some features when working with oil paints. Among them are some subtleties:
- Take care to protect glass and surrounding surfaces. When painting narrow parts and window frames, there is a need to paste the shutters with masking tape. Oil paint is quite problematic to remove and it can be difficult to reach a perfectly clean surface. For walls, use a piece of plywood, a tin sheet or cardboard, and better to cover the glass with old newspapers or unnecessary sheets of paper. In order not to worry about how to remove paper from surfaces, before gluing, soak it in soapy water and simply attach it to the glass surface. After the paint has dried, you can remove it.
- Soiled glass can be cleaned with a composition that is easy to prepare at home. Mix the sifted chalk with an aqueous solution of household soda, adjust the proportions until you reach a pasty mixture. Put the mixture on the blurred areas and leave for a while. Under the action of the composition, the paint should soften. Then it can be erased with a cloth or a piece of newspaper.
- To remove green paint or paintwork of any other shade, dried on the walls, is also real. Coat the painted surface with a layer of aluminum foil and iron it with a hot iron. Softened paint is easily scraped off the surface with a spatula.
- Wipe metal surfaces first with vinegar and dry, so the paint will better go down.
- Use a drill to better mix paint. Make a hole in the can lid, insert a bent rod into it, the second end of which should be fixed in the drill chuck. Turn on the unit and mix the composition for 60 seconds. This method is the safest, and so you do not risk getting your clothes dirty.
- To clean white oil paint from hands and other exposed areas of the body is easiest when using a special solvent, but if there is no such tool, and vegetable or animal fat has come under your arm, try to use it for the intended purpose.
- It is advisable not to close painted doors and windows until everything is completely dry. If necessary, close the door before the coating hardens, put a wrapping foil between the flaps.
- Metal surfaces look more neat when painted with oil paint for outdoor use with a spray gun, rather than a brush.
Now you know more about the classes and features of using paintwork materials. Follow these paint guidelines. Choose the best option, focusing on the prices of oil paints, application features, application technology. This information will help you choose the option you want based on the needs, preferences and conditions of surface treatment.