If you have made repairs at least once, then you are definitely faced with such a problem as the alignment and plastering of walls. You can almost never do without these procedures. Modern building materials help to cope with any problem. I would like to pay special attention to such a mixture as cement-sand plaster. Gradually, it fades into the background, but we are starting to forget that it has a lot of advantages.
Features
There are a large number of cement mortars. All of them are good in their own way and have their own versatility. Of all, cement-sand plaster is the most popular. Such a solution has the following advantages:
- The mixture is universal. Suitable for damp rooms, such as bathrooms. It is ideal for balconies and even building facades.
- It differs from all other solutions by its special strength and wear resistance.
- Suitable for plastering walls in which heating is not provided.
Technical features
Cement-sand plaster has the following characteristics:
- grey colour;
- You can wipe the plastered wall in a day;
- cement is an astringent;
- mixture consumption per 1 square meter about 18 kg (layer thickness 10 cm);
- the frost resistance of a cement-sand wall is 50 degrees Fahrenheit;
- the surface will become durable after about 30 days;
- operating temperature from -50 to +70 degrees.
Composition
Surely, everyone at the time of purchase thought about what a dry mix is made of. Consider the composition of cement-sand plaster and find out what secrets it hides. So everything is pretty simple:
- The main component of the solution is cement. It can be any brand from M150 to M500. For those who do not know, the figure in the name of cement indicates what pressure in kilograms a ready-made solution per 1 cm 3 can withstand. Cement with a low number is recommended for interior decoration, but the facades can be plastered with a variant with a high index.
- The filler is sand. It can be river or quarry. The strength and reliability of the plaster depends on the quality of the sand. The standard cement-sand mixture is prepared from a ratio of 1: 3. The ratio of this can vary depending on which solution is needed for strength.
- The sand that is used in the preparation of the finished mixture should be coarse.
These were the main components, without which it is impossible to obtain a cement-sand mixture. Also, some manufacturers introduce additional components, for example, a copolymer or redispersible powders. Additives allow you to increase some quality characteristics, namely:
- strength;
- elasticity;
- flexibility;
- resistance to load;
- adhesion;
- frost resistance;
- resistance to wear.
Here is a seemingly simple composition that makes the plaster universal and indispensable.
Kinds
Cement-sand plaster is not as simple as it seems at first glance. The solution is divided into several varieties. Consider them:
- Simple mix. Intended for interior decoration, where smooth walls are not needed. Work with such a solution takes place in two stages: spray and soil. No need to install beacons on the walls. Mainly used to seal cracks and holes. Using this solution, you can carry out hygienic processing of the walls.
- Superior blend. This type can be used for plastering walls indoors, as well as building facades. Work with the solution takes place in three stages: spray, soil, nakryvka. With proper operation, it is possible to get a flat surface with the right angle.
- High quality blend. Use a solution for finishing any interior and any facade. The work is carried out in several stages: spraying, several layers of soil and a coating that needs to be ironed with cement. Beacons must be mounted on the walls. In total, you should get at least 5 layers of plaster.
Having dealt with all varieties of plaster, you can proceed to the next question.
Consumption
You need to buy a universal solution with which you can work comfortably, choose a mixture such as cement-sand plaster. Consumption is an important factor that worries many. Calculating the right amount is easy. Consider a few nuances:
- Before preparing the solution, carefully read the instructions on the packaging. Follow exactly all the manufacturer's instructions and you will get a quality solution.
- If you are preparing a cement-sand mixture yourself, then you must determine the thickness of the finish. Here's an approximate calculation: if you need to get a thickness of 1 cm, then 1 square. m need about 8.5 kg of dry solution.
- If you need to prepare a sand-cement mixture for the facade, then the optimal ratio of all components is 2: 8: 1 (cement, sand, water).
- One more indicator must be taken into account, namely the level of surface deviation. It is measured in at least three places. All indicators are necessarily summarized, and then the total is divided by the number of all terms.
- Experts recommend adding to the total volume of the solution 10% for all kinds of unforeseen expenses.
It is easy to prepare cement-sand plaster. Proportions can either be found on the packaging or calculated independently.
Exterior finish
I would also like to talk about facade works. For them, you need to carefully choose a solution that must withstand temperature extremes, as well as be frost and moisture resistant. Cement-sand plaster for outdoor use is used for finishing the following surfaces:
- aerated concrete;
- concrete and reinforced concrete;
- brick;
- cement plaster;
- tree (here you first need to fix the iron mesh).
It can be applied in two ways: manual and mechanized. After plastering, the following coating is possible:
- ceramic tile;
- decorative plaster;
- finishing putty.
When working with such a solution, consider the following specifications:
- you can work with the mixture at a temperature of 5 to 30 degrees;
- for one approach, it is not recommended to apply a layer thicker than 40 mm;
- remember that when working with the solution on the street, its viability is up to 6 hours.
Tip for beginners! If you want to plaster the facade in cold weather, then choose a mixture that is adapted to work at low temperatures.
Cement-sand facade plaster should be of the M300 - M500 brand. You will get a reliable and durable surface.
Wall preparation
Modern construction uses a variety of materials. This should be taken into account when preparing the wall for plastering. Since the materials are different, the preparation will be appropriate. Let's consider some features:
- Brick. Be sure to crate the walls. After this, it is necessary to treat the surface with a layer of glue and fix the metal mesh over the entire surface.
- Tree. Installation of lathing from shingles or battens. But you can save. To do this, primer the surface and apply a metal mesh.
- Concrete. There is nothing complicated here either. It is enough to treat the surface with a primer. Apply a thin layer of glue and install a metal mesh for plastering.
- Experimental materials. Be sure to prime the surface. Pre-plaster with cement-sand mortar. We install a metal mesh and finish the solution with a solution.
Now you know how to properly prepare the walls. It is important to familiarize yourself with the tools for work.
Inventory
To make the work a joy, prepare the following tools for your convenience:
- plaster bucket;
- trowel, putty knife;
- ironer;
- grater;
- level;
- Master OK;
- bench hammer;
- atomizer;
- level;
- the rule.
The application of cement-sand plaster is carried out using a bucket. You may not succeed the first time, but over time you can learn everything. Spray the finished solution using a trowel. For quick and high-quality mixing of the mortar, use a construction mixer. It will help to create a mixture of a uniform consistency without lumps.
The final stage
When the cement-sand plaster of the walls is applied in accordance with all the rules, you can proceed to the finishing work. They are grouted. The procedure is carried out when the entire solution is dry. To do this, do the following:
- we dilute a liquid solution from a dry mixture;
- we put it on the wall;
- rub in one and a half.
The surface will be even and smooth.
Expert Advice
- If you are preparing the plaster yourself, then use PVA glue as a plasticizer.
- To spray the solution, add tile adhesive. It will increase adhesion to the surface.
- If you buy a ready-made dry mix, then carefully study the date of manufacture and packaging.
- Before preparing the solution, carefully read the instructions that are on each package.
Finally
Based on the foregoing, we can safely say that cement-sand plaster is considered the most universal among all other representatives of its class of materials. Use it boldly for grouting internal and external walls. Stucco is especially good for closing walls in cellars, garages and sheds. And its value will please you.