Very often in country houses the only source of water is a well or a well located on the site. From them, a pipeline is laid to the pumping station and wiring is performed at all points of the drawdown. In fact, this is a classic scheme, which is one of the most acceptable in the absence of a central water supply.
Modern issue
Thus, it is quite easy to solve the issue of water supply.
This allows us to ensure the operability of automatic washing machines, electric water heaters and even dishwashers, i.e., in this regard, to get the usual benefits of civilization. However, the use of water obtained from underground sources can be dangerous. And not only for the "health" of household appliances, but also for the person himself. The reason for this is substances dissolved in water, which can be very harmful.
Many private suburban areas border on fields where various crops are grown by farmers - sunflowers, rapeseed, corn, etc. A couple of decades ago this would mean nothing but the ability to make stocks at the expense of others. Now everything has become different, and instead of the commands of the old women-weeders who were brought to the fields to fight weeds, farmers use chemical protective equipment. These are pesticides, herbicides, growth stimulants and fertilizers. The problem is that all this "bouquet" after use falls into the soil, and from there - into underground water sources. Needless to say, water treatment from a well is a necessity that in the most literal sense can save lives?
Training
Before acquiring and installing water purification systems from a well, it is necessary to do several preparatory steps:
- Update stock in a well or well. To do this, you need to pump out all the water so that new water comes in its place.
- To clean clay and sand, which are gradually washed up during operation.
- Flush the accumulator tank, since a lot of dirt collects there in a couple of years of operation.
- Pass a water sample for a detailed analysis.
By the way, sometimes this is already enough to normalize the quality. However, regardless of the result, a filter for cleaning water from the well is a necessity. The only question is which one.
Existing options
An element for which water treatment is necessary is a well. The price of an impurity removal system sometimes exceeds the cost of organizing the source itself. Although this, of course, is the exception.
It is important to understand that this issue is extremely important, since the resulting liquid is used not only for technical needs, but also for cooking.
It is only necessary to decide how water purification from the well should be performed after the analysis results are obtained. There are no other options. The acquisition and installation of a powerful treatment system that can remove almost any impurities is associated with significant financial costs and is hardly advisable. In the same way, installing cheap options can only be a calming factor, but in reality it is ineffective.
For example, as the depth of the well increases, the water contains more and more calcium and magnesium salts - the very salts that cause scale to form in the kettle. Water from super-deep sources usually requires the removal of fluorine compounds. In any case, the optimal solution is a comprehensive organization of cleaning, which includes several steps.
To navigate the cost of treatment systems, we give a short list:
- the simplest three-stage solutions, including three stages of filtration, will cost at least 2800 rubles;
- for reverse osmosis household will have to pay more than 8000 rubles;
- productive balloon systems cost at least 30 thousand rubles.
Coarse particle elimination
Each owner of an autonomous water supply system, when assembling and commissioning a pumping station, must make sure that mechanical cleaning of the water from the well is carried out. Filters of this kind are designed to remove particles of clay, sand (turbidity) and some impurities that give the smell of water.
The simplest solution that gives a rough cleaning is to install a strainer on the intake pipe with a variable "window" size. It should be used anyway.
More expensive solutions are electromagnetic, taking metals and their salts from the stream. But perhaps the best option is to clean the water from the well using a porous filter stage. Usually this is a polypropylene block that traps particles larger than 5 microns in diameter. It is mounted in front of other treatment systems.
The effectiveness of this unit can be checked during routine maintenance of the accumulator pear: if clay and sand have collected in it, then rough cleaning is not effective enough.
How to remove salts
The real misfortune of all owners of wells and wells is increased rigidity. Brown color, metallic taste, scale on the heating elements of the appliances and the bottom of the kettle are indirect signs of excessive mineralization. Speaking in scientific language, then in excess of 3 mg per liter, it is worth thinking about softening. However, if the hardness is less than 2 mg / l, then the corrosion process of iron water pipes can be accelerated .
It is not possible to directly filter out calcium and magnesium salts. To do this, you need either distillation or a system that allows you to exchange hard impurities for safe sodium. It is the latter solution that is most often applied. Water, passing through a special block with an
ion-exchange resin, leaves in it everything that gives scale and settles in the kidneys, and in return acquires sodium compounds that are completely safe. Subsequently, maintenance of the cleaning unit is required, allowing it to be restored. The harder the water, the faster the life of such a filter ends.
If a balloon system is used, then it is worth thinking about installing a special salt tank, which helps to regenerate the ion-exchange resin, several times increasing the duration of this unit.
As already mentioned, the purification of hard water from a well can be carried out by distillation. The output is an almost perfect liquid, devoid of impurities.
By passing through the mineralizer they can be metered back. The lack of distillers in high electrical power and low productivity. For example, the AE-5 model, consuming 4 kW, is capable of delivering just over 30 liters per hour.
Stage Three
Water purification from a well also includes the passage of fluid through another block - a carbon filter. Most often, burnt coconut shell acts as the active substance. When it is sintered at certain temperatures, large pores are formed in the coal structure that trap impurities. This unit is not recoverable, therefore, the cartridge must be replaced after the time specified in the instructions.
Bringing to the ideal
And finally, purification of water from a well is unthinkable without a reverse osmosis filter.
Since analyzes of underground sources “float” depending on the time of year and a number of other factors, you need to protect yourself to the maximum extent, providing for this nuance. An excellent solution is to install the last unit, including a reverse osmosis membrane. The special material from which it is made has such small pores that only water molecules and some impurities in very limited quantities can pass through them. For the operation of such a unit, it is necessary that
the water pressure at the inlet be at least 3 Atm. Otherwise, an auxiliary pressure pump is required. The impurities retained by the membrane are washed off and removed from the unit.
Osmosis feature
Theoretically, reverse osmosis filtration can solve most of the cleaning problems. However, with this operating mode, the membrane quickly fails, so the flask with a filter element is part of a three-stage system, including rough cleaning, softening and removal of other impurities. It is worth noting that even osmosis does not save from nitrates, pesticides and some other similar substances used in modern agricultural technologies. In the best case, it is possible to reduce the concentration of these elements by several times, but for complete removal a multi-stage system is required. The cost of such decisions starts from 8 thousand rubles. However, we recommend that you refrain from cheap models when using water from a well.