The arrangement of the land is similar to the repair of housing. You cannot finish the process, you can only pause for a while, and then continue. A personal estate, as a living organism, requires constant attention from the owners, investment of money and considerable work. The issue becomes particularly relevant when it comes to household buildings. After all, they should have a decent appearance, be convenient, reliable and have a small investment. The construction of frame sheds allows us to solve the problem of combining good results and savings.
Advantages
Frame technology is gradually replacing standard construction methods with domestic spaces. And it is quite justified. New techniques have become widespread in the construction of residential buildings, cottages, garages, baths. This technology has no alternative in the creation of sheds for the following reasons:
- Practicality. If necessary, the frame shed can be disassembled, moved to another place and installed again.
- Simplicity. To install parts of the frame of the building of a small size, the involvement of construction equipment is not required.
- Speed. Assembly is carried out much faster compared to the construction of materials such as logs, beams, bricks, foam blocks.
- Saving. To create walls, the amount of materials and elements is significantly reduced. Due to the fact that the frame shed with a pitched roof is lightweight, a columnar inexpensive foundation is quite suitable for it.
Among these advantages, it is worth noting convenience. Such a structure can easily be adjusted to personal wishes and household needs. It is possible to change the configuration or to supplement it.
What is convenient pent roof
The support of the rafter system of pitched roofs is located on the upper strapping of the structure, which acts as a Mauerlat. In the standard version of the arrangement of such roofs, the rafters are laid separately on the walls with different heights.
The slope, which is necessary for the removal of precipitation, is provided precisely by the difference in the height of the walls. But the shed roof of the frame shed is not always performed this way. It can be arranged on the walls of the same level when installing truss trusses, which externally resemble a rectangular triangle. A long leg of the form is fixed on the harness, hypotenuse acts as the rafter leg. It is also possible to create a cantilever-running frame over one of the walls. In this case, the frame plays the role of a support for the run on which the rafters are based.
The slope of the overall roof surface directly depends on the material chosen. Basically, flat structures with an angle of less than 8 degrees are created. For sheathing, a roll polymer, bitumen or polyurethane foam type material is used.
Roofing iron without profiles and profiled special sheets are used for single-pitched systems with a slope of less than 25 degrees. If compliance with the architectural general ensemble is required, laying of piece material is allowed. It is worth remembering that with a decrease in the angle, the likelihood of stagnation of atmospheric precipitation and the ingress of moisture into the roofing base increases. Such wetting of the elements of the roof system leads to the onset of early destruction.
Portable option
Lightweight skeleton shed on runners has one indisputable advantage, namely, that it can be easily rearranged and located anywhere in the garden. For example, it can be used for periodic storage of pumping units in the summer next to a pond or pool, and after the end of the season become a warehouse for firewood near the house.
For the purpose of systematic rearrangement of the structure, skids are made of wood. If there is no need for transportation, depending on the characteristics of the available soil, the shed is supported by concrete blocks with a small depth or a reinforced concrete slab.
Create a frame shed with your own hands and provide a single-pitched roof of the simplest type to the strength of the owner, who has only a little knowledge in carpentry.
DIY frame shed: step by step instructions
The structural part consists of a frame fixed on two parallel runners of the timber. The internal space of the frame is also filled with pieces of timber. The connection of the elements is carried out by self-tapping screws or special nails. The most important places for reliability are duplicated by steel corners. Skids are strengthened by several screws. Each bonding point should be indented from the edge of the workpiece to prevent splitting of the wooden parts.
The future floor is a plywood sheet, the diagonals of which are measured before fixing on the frame. Mandatory size matching is required. If this condition is not met, errors are corrected, and then a sheet is attached. It is not necessary to tighten all the fasteners strongly, as this can spoil the plywood. Given the presence of a doorway on the sides of the floor, an additional strapping is arranged.
Wall posts are fixed using temporary jibs. Corner fixing is added after specifying the parameters with a special tool. All available types of racks are connected at the top, above the opening of the board pinned from above. This is an inclined upper element of the lower harness.
The creation of another wall is carried out in the same way, but without the need to take into account the opening for the door. The racks are cut to the required dimensions and are sawn from the upper side. For greater convenience, in both cases it is better to make cuts before installation. In the absence of confidence in the correct cutting, it is worth leaving a small margin, and gash it after fixing.
The side walls are made in the form of a frame having a central pillar in the middle. The extreme parts of the frame are reinforced with corner posts.
Cutting boards used in cutting rafters. It is applied from the end to the installation site and determines the cut line.
The rafters are placed exactly above the racks of the rear and front axles. Self-tapping screws or nails are used for fastening.
Exterior finish
Sheathing is carried out by a grooved board or profiled sheet. Then a board is placed along the perimeter of the top of the walls so that the end face of the previous element covers the edge of the previous one. For cutting all the details you must first try on.
The installation of the crate is carried out using moisture-proof plywood, the cutting of which should take into account preliminary fittings.
A waterproofing continuous coating is laid on the sheathing of the gently sloping roof. Strips of material are laid from the bottom up, so that the seams are ultimately directed against the flow of rainwater. Waterproofing with an overlap of 15 cm spreads. Roofing material in the form of flexible tiles is built on top of it.
The doorway at the end is framed by wooden jambs, the door itself is hung after the installation of special hinges.
Such a frame shed with a pitched roof, built with your own hands, is perfect for the exterior parts of downhole assemblies, rooms for household tools, and children's play facilities. An economical version of the base frame involves fixing by driving reinforcement into the ground. The metal rods are clogged through holes made in the frame, or next to the base, followed by fixing to it with metal plates.
Stationary option
Despite the fact that such a frame shed is more significant, there is no need to fill in a monolithic or strip foundation. There will be enough blocks of high-quality concrete, arranged in three rows. But this does not mean that you can forget about digging a foundation pit (trench) and appropriate preparation. Such work can only be avoided if the site is used for construction, rolled and carefully leveled during active use.
Frame shed: step by step instructions for creating the foundation
When building on unprepared space, it will be necessary to completely remove the plant-soil layer and dig a pit, the depth of which should be 20 cm more than the freezing level. The data can be found in the list of standards, while it is important not to forget about the type of soil. Further, the bottom of the pit is carefully compacted, covered with a layer of crushed-sand mixture and poured with lean cement for 10-15 cm.
The foundation pit after hardening of concrete is marked for the construction of foam concrete or brick pillars. During the construction of the supports of the required type, anchors are laid to subsequently fix the frame shed in the place of its lower trim.
Ruberoid scraps are laid on poles to prevent rotting of the wood frame. Now the stage of creating the fundamental foundation is considered passed and you can engage in further construction.
Assembly
Verification of the accuracy of the construction of support pillars is required. To do this, a flat board is placed on a number of pillars and the spirit level is adjusted. If errors are found, they should be corrected by mounting on the top of the pillar scrap posts. Control refinements are carried out by placing the board along short and long rows.
The base element is placed on a columnar, pre-aligned foundation. If during the creation of the pillars anchors were not laid, then the beam is applied already in place and points for fixing holes are marked. Mounted on top of the beam frame, filled with ordinary lags. On them is laid a floor of OSB boards, boards and dense plywood. It is necessary to leave gaps of 2-3 mm with the expectation of linear thermal expansion.
In accordance with the dimensions, the front wall is mounted and fixed with temporary jibs, then the side and rear. When performing the correct cutting, the construction of a frame shed with the same height walls will result. Otherwise, you need to build or file. If in doubt about the accuracy of the work, the walls can be assembled with individual elements that have a small margin in length. Then the top of the racks is fastened with the help of a side temporary harness. Existing remains after construction are cut off at the upper boundary.
The upper harness is mounted in two rows on the ends of the racks. If you use a side temporary board for alignment, you need to remove it. The stationary strapping is laid so that the joints of the row below are overlapped.
The cantilever frame is assembled from small racks, the top of which is sawed at the necessary angle to create a ramp. The slope must be set in advance, by plotting the roof scheme in the form of a standard rectangular triangle.
A rafter template is formed from the board, the workpiece is applied to the installation site. It is worth remembering that the length of the rafters should be provided to the rear and front overhang.
Rafter legs are cut, placed above the racks and attached with metal corners. A solid lathing with waterproofing material and a roof covering are mounted on them: special profiled steel, metal tile, etc.
After the do-it-yourself frame shed is ready, it is sheathed with siding or other suitable material.
Next, a door jamb is formed, a door with a lock is placed. From the inside, the cantilever-running frame is closed using a mesh.
Rafter slope trusses
In order to build a frame shed with your own hands with a pitched roof, rafters are used ready-made systems that provide safety and ease of execution. The main activities are carried out on the production of modules on solid soil in a calm environment.
The stores feature metal or wooden trusses that need only to be installed and fixed on the roof. But because of this, construction costs will increase slightly.
With self-manufacturing, it is easier to monitor dimensional accuracy and immediately eliminate defects on the spot than to connect, build up or saw off something at a height. The quality of the structure is markedly increased due to comfortable working conditions.
Advantages of using trusses
A frame shed with a single-pitched roof from trusses has the advantage that the spacer from a triangular closed module does not pass to the walls, which negatively affects such load-bearing structures. So, the strut is distributed in the most rafter farm without transferring the load on the building.
But this method is not ideal. It is used to create buildings with a small area, because without additional elements, rafter triangles can overlap spans of no more than 7 m, and no more than 24 m with support in the form of struts.
The trusses are mounted on a frame, the walls of which have the same height. Everything is extremely simple. Modules are made of wood in sizes established in advance. The rafter becomes the hypotenuse of the modular triangle, in some cases it can be a supporting element, which is laid on which the rafter. It acts as a floor beam. The functions of the running frame, consisting of end elements of the trusses, are performed by a short leg.
It is necessary to create a drawing with calculations before building a frame shed and starting the manufacture of triangles from rafters. If a farm is being compiled for the subsequent fixing of the rafters on the hypotenuse, then the triangle is removed without taking into account the overhang.