When buying grapes in the markets for the holiday, we are sure that this delicious berry is growing only in the warm southern countries. Few people know that it can be grown in Russia, in its middle lane, and in quality it will not be inferior to its southern counterpart. But for this you need to know how to plant grapes correctly.
Berries grown in hot climates are affected by tropical diseases and, therefore, when grown, they cannot do without chemical reagents. Despite the fact that today there are biological pesticides, many southern farms use more effective "heavy" chemistry.
To provide their families with juice and wine from this berry, Russian summer residents need to know how to plant grapes . Contrary to popular belief, it requires no more care than other crops grown in summer cottages.
Of course, the sad thing is that there is an opinion among summer residents that the vine is a very capricious plant, and there is a lot of trouble with it. The fault of this error can be considered a lack of intelligible information on how to plant grapes and properly care for it. A person who decides to grow this plant often becomes a pro in this matter, and even decides to develop new varieties.
In the wild, grapes grow in forests, wrapping flexible branches around trees. For this reason, modern cultivars require special supports.
The grape bush has a powerful root system. Fruiting may begin as early as the third year after you have planted the vine. A distinctive feature of the vine is that it can produce crops for many years. Some varieties are pleased with beautiful clusters and a hundred years under good growing conditions.
We grow grapes in the country
It will be interesting to know that Georgian winegrowers were engaged in the cultivation of this berry 7,000 years ago. Evidence of this is the fragments of ancient jugs with images of grape brushes.
Russian summer residents plant it both in the spring and in the autumn period. And in that, and in another case, there are advantages.
If you decide to plant grapes in the spring, then the soil needs to be prepared in the fall. Remember that the vine will grow in one place for many years, so try to do everything in the best way.
To the question "How to plant grapes?", Experts answer - this must be done before his buds have blossomed. Bushes are planted in rows on a site that is well lit by the sun and is protected from the cold wind by the walls of the building or green plantings. Rows should be directed from north and south. This direction is not accidental, since the sun illuminates the bushes from all sides all day. You should be aware that soils in wetlands and salt marshes are not suitable for planting grapes .
The land in the place where you plan to plant the grapes should be loose, so that it warms up better, and its air regime is favorable for the roots.
To plant bushes, dig holes with a depth of 50 cm and a width of 60 cm.
Since autumn, pits are filled with humus, garden soil, sand and small gravel, taking them in equal quantities. Superphosphate and potassium sulfate are introduced into the pits . The ratio of these mineral fertilizers is 2: 1. 400 grams of superphosphate and, accordingly, 200 grams of potassium sulfate are poured into each hole .
About one week before planting the grapes, begin to take the seedlings out. This is done so that they get used to low humidity. On the street, seedlings should be in the shade. Bring them into the room at night. Before planting, you need to trim the extra shoots. If during the purchase you notice that the roots are dried, then you need to put the seedlings in the water for one to two days. Immediately before planting, dip them in a clay and manure mash in a 2: 1 ratio.
Ten days after planting, pour the grapes at the rate of a bucket of water per hole. For the best growth of bushes it is necessary to periodically loosen the earth. In August, they should not be watered; this is important for the formation of shoots.
Grapes can also be planted with cuttings obtained from healthy bushes of the varieties you need. Cuttings are cut from the vine, they should be at least 3-4 kidneys. In winter, they should be in the basement in wet sand. In the spring they are planted in plastic bottles with loose soil, and after rooting, they are planted in prepared open ground. In the case of autumn planting of grape bushes, it is necessary to provide them with a reliable shelter from freezing.