A three-pitched roof is a more complex structure compared to a conventional one-pitched roof. Despite this, some owners of suburban and private houses prefer it to her. If the measurements are carried out correctly and a competent selection of materials is carried out, then such a roof will become an adornment of a residential building and will protect it for several decades. Such a roof is often built over winter gardens, gazebos and other similar objects to give the building an elegant look.
The device of the gable roof
The gable roof has many differences from the gable roof. They consist in the installation of two sloping rafters, which will form a hip slope. In addition, you will need designs that will support the rafters. Rafter rafters should be longer than the side rafters, so for their manufacture you should choose a board of a more impressive length and thickness. As an alternative solution, existing lumber can be spliced.
The gable roof will have a frame, which is formed by the following elements:
- Mauerlat;
- sill;
- floor beams;
- racks;
- ridge beam;
- rafters;
- sprengel;
- struts.
As for the Mauerlat, it is a beam located along the perimeter of the outer walls. With its help, it is possible to redistribute the load on the walls. Lezhin is an intermediate bar which is located on internal bearing walls. But from the boards that are on the Mauerlat, floor beams are formed . They act as a frame between the attic or attic, as well as the floor. The gable roof should have racks that have the form of supporting vertically arranged bars. With their help, you can hold the roof frame. Whereas the ridge beam is stacked on vertical posts that act as a support for the rafters. The last of these elements are boards that are mounted with a certain step and are located on the ridge beam.
Additional components
In the lower part of the rafters rely on the Mauerlat. They are divided into sloping and side. The vertical support is a truss, it supports the rafters. Braces are boards that should be positioned at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal. The struts are struts between the beams of the floors or the lower floor and the rafters. The components should be interconnected with metal corners or plates, they are fixed with nails, threaded rods with nuts or screws.
Settlement
If you will carry out a three-pitched roof of the house, then it will be necessary to carry out calculations. For this, the ridge is measured, as well as the length of the walls. In the latter case, it is necessary to measure the perimeter. After you need to determine the difference between these values. The number that happened should be divided into two. This length should be measured on each side parallel to the ridge. The next step is to check the length of the ridge and the average length of the walls that are parallel to it. The calculation needs to be repeated for the wall on which the hips will be installed, they represent the triangular parts of the roof.
Measurements should start from the center point of the beam section. Then you should measure the parameters of the side wall, dividing the resulting figure into two. This value is measured from the center line of the wall. In order to reduce errors, it is recommended to use a measuring rail. Experts recommend abandoning roulette, since there is a likelihood of errors during installation. The rafter system of such a roof is durable, so the installation of a roofing pie is recommended to be used in those areas that are characterized by strong winds and earthquakes.
Mounting Features: Material Preparation
A three-pitched roof, a photo of which is presented in the article, should be equipped after the preparation of the material. Traditionally, for the rafter system and lathing, softwood is used, which is prepared by drying under a canopy. Its residual moisture should not be more than 20%. When choosing a material, you need to check it for signs of mold and rot, as well as darkening.
Lumber should be coated with an antiseptic, and to increase fire-fighting qualities - flame retardant. When do-it-yourself roofs are made with their own hands, the Mauerlat is usually made of a square-section bar, its side can be 100 or 150 mm. While rafters and floor beams can be made of 50 mm boards, the width of which is 200 mm or more. In this case, the workpieces should be turned with the narrow side down, this will reduce sagging.
Work on the rafters
Rafter rafters will undergo a high load, they should be made of a rectangular beam, the dimensions of which are 100x150 mm. Rafter rafters can be made of two merging boards, trimmings are located between them, and after that the system is pulled together on a hairpin.
Specialist recommendations
The lathing is an important element of the roofing system, it is made of a 20-mm board, which is laid on the rafters with a certain step. These elements should be parallel to the ridge beam. If the arrangement of the soft roof is carried out, then the crate must be continuous, it is necessary to use plywood for this. To perform the roof, you can apply a roofing coating, which will play the role of waterproofing. Need insulation and vapor barrier.
Technology of work
If you are thinking about how to make a three-pitched roof, then you must first put the Mauerlat. The beam should be placed along the length and docked in the corners. Move the element to the inside. Mauerlat is fixed to the brick walls with anchors, but first it is necessary to lay the rolled waterproofing material in two layers. The beam is treated with an antiseptic, and lodges are laid on the inner walls, a waterproofing coating should be placed between the wood and the wall.
The gable roof of the annex is also suitable. At the same time, it is necessary to act according to the described technology. To do this, lay the floor beams on top of the Mauerlat using boards with dimensions of 50x200 mm. The board should be located at the end, which will increase the stiffness of the deflection. Beams are laid in a certain order, first extreme ones go, then intermediate ones. The distance between them can be any, but it should be limited to a range of 50 to 120 cm. If you plan to insulate the ceiling, then leave a distance of 60 cm between the beams. And the height of the floor beams should be adjusted with wooden linings.
Methodology
The gable roof of the extension to the house should have vertical racks. They are laid on floor beams or beds. You can install and fix them using temporary supports and jibs. The racks are fixed to the beams by overlays of wood or metal. The number of racks should be such that the step between them does not exceed two meters. The rack should be located at the edge of the roof, which forms a vertical pediment. On the rack is a ridge beam, which is fixed by overlays or corners.
Side - these are inclined rafters, the upper end of which is fixed on the ridge beam, while the lower - on the Mauerlat. They must be patterned. The required number of rafters is cut along it, which are fixed to the ridge beam and the rafter leg.
Side rafters are strengthened by struts. Their thickness should be equal to the thickness of the beams and rafters. Rafter rafters rest on boards or timber. Fixing is carried out by corners or overlays. After the rafter system is installed, you can get rid of temporary jibs and perform the crate. Under the corrugated board and metal tile, it should be rarefied, while for ondulin - solid. This applies to all varieties of soft roofs.
Conclusion
The gable roof quite often becomes an adornment not only of a residential building, but also of a bathhouse, gazebo, as well as buildings of any other purpose. When the hip slope is oriented towards the prevailing wind load, the roof gains the ability to withstand quite strong winds, which makes it more durable.