Samara region is located on the banks of the great Russian river Volga. On a vast territory, more than three million people live. The peoples living in the Samara region, despite differences in beliefs, lifestyles and traditions, live very friendly. There are more than a hundred different nationalities.
In order for each person, despite belonging to a certain nationality, to live well, a number of events are held in the region. They are aimed at reviving cultural traditions. With respect and respect for the history of different nations, respect for the history and traditions of their country begins. What peoples inhabit the Samara region? What do we know about their traditions? What measures are being taken to ensure that the peoples of the Samara region live in friendship and harmony? What costumes do they wear on holidays and on weekdays?
Diversity of nationalities and nationalities of the Samara region
In the first place in terms of the number of people living here are Russians. They moved to the Volga region from different cities of Russia: Moscow, Penza, Tambov. The main occupation was farming, animal husbandry and truck farming. Religion is Christianity. Russians lived in huts, which were built of wood or brick.
On the second - Tatars, the first of them appeared here in the 16th century. Most of them profess the Islamic religion. Mosques were built in the Samara region. Tatars decided to vividly paint their homes, hang towels, multi-colored rugs on the inner walls. What other peoples inhabit the Samara region?
Chuvashs. They settled here from the end of the 17th century. They were engaged in breeding animals: sheep, pigs, horses. The first mention of Mordvinians dates back to the 14th century. Gypsies appeared in the Samara region much later. In the middle of the 19th century, a law came out that forbade this people to roam and encouraged them to live where they are. Among the people living in the Samara region there are Kalmyks, Kazakhs, Jews, Germans, Poles, Mari, Latvians, Estonians and many others.
Interesting Facts
- Before the beginning of the 20th century, Mordovians had large families, which totaled up to 40 people. A man had the right to marry several times, all his wives lived in the same family.
- Chuvash's favorite national dish is shartan. This is the name of the sausage, which is prepared from the sheep’s stomach, the filling for it is meat and lard.
- The Chuvash have the youngest son always to live with their parents, this tradition has been preserved in our days. It is also observed in Russians.
- Russian women gave birth in a bathhouse, it was believed that so no trouble would enter the house. Only a midwife could be with her future mother. Father was allowed to eat something bitter: salt, bite, mustard. By this action, he seemed to take some of the pain upon himself.
- The national drink of the Bashkirs - koumiss - really liked the writer Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy.
Revival of cultural traditions
In order for all the peoples of the Samara region to be in equal rights, the leadership takes the following steps:
- National schools and classes are opening, in which teaching is not only in Russian, but also in Tatar, Uzbek, Mordovian and others.
- Respect for various religions and beliefs. Everyone has the right to decide and choose what to believe. A mosque, a church and a church were built in Samara.
- Huge work on the revival of folk traditions and rapprochement of nations is carried out by the Center for Folk Art. On his initiative and support there are held: creative shows, folklore holidays, which are organized by the peoples living in the Samara region. As a rule, a large number of people are present at them.
Traditions of the peoples of the Samara region
Many of them are associated with important events in the life of every person: a wedding, the birth of a child, family ceremonies. These traditions have a lot in common. The wedding is divided into several stages. Preparation for it, the triumph itself and the subsequent period. For all nations, the wedding begins with matchmaking. The groom and parents go to the bride's house and make an offer. All important points are discussed: dowry, number of guests, costs, etc.
The bride with her own hands should make gifts to the groom and future relatives. On the wedding day, the bride's parents and her girlfriends are given a ransom by the groom and his relatives. A large number of ritual songs accompany this significant event. The wedding itself should take place in the groom's house. The newlyweds were met by their parents and blessed for a good family life. The day after the wedding, the young wife usually shows her household skills: sweeps trash, boils ear. Chuvash people stoke the stove and cook noodles.
The birth of a child is celebrated as one of the most joyful and solemn holidays. Relatives and friends congratulate parents and give the baby gifts.
Particular attention is also paid to the funeral and commemoration of the deceased. On certain days, relatives and friends come to dinner, speak good words about the deceased.
Costumes of the peoples of the Samara region
There are a number of signs by which we determine nationality. One of them is a suit. Of course, in everyday life you rarely see people dressed in national clothes on the streets. But when various folk festivals and other events take place, the peoples of the Samara region show the beauty of their costumes. In them, each element is carefully selected and full of special meaning. What kind of people do they have?
Sundresses and kokoshniks are traditional Russian clothing . Shirts and trousers, velvet camisole, skullcaps are included in the clothes of the Tatars. The headdress of girls is a small hat, it can be of different colors: it is blue, green, burgundy. It must be decorated with coins, beads, beads, various embroidery.
The Chuvash women wore white shirts, an apron, and jewelry. From shoes - bast shoes and leather boots. Mordovian clothes are very diverse. Shirt, bathrobe, pants, belt - the basis of the national costume. Bashkirs wear a long dress, a camisole, an apron and a lot of jewelry. Kaftans - outerwear - are usually decorated with coins and embroidery. Shirts of Ukrainians are called "shirts." They can be worn out of the box or tucked into pants or skirts.
Of course, all nations have different costumes, but there is one detail that unites them. This jewelry: scarves, scarves, belts, embroidery, beads, earrings.
National holidays
In the Samara region, they honor and honor the traditions of different peoples. Holding national holidays is very popular here. Thousands of people attend these events and take an active part in them. Among the holidays that are celebrated by the peoples of the Samara region, there are the following:
- Sabantuy is a national holiday of the Tatars. Dances, songs, sports, as well as national dishes await everyone who wishes to take part in the celebration on this day.
- At the beginning of spring, in all cities and settlements of the Samara region, Pancake week is burned, winter is escorted. On this day, bake pancakes, arrange horseback riding and fist fights.
- In summer, celebrate the ancient Slavic festival - Ivan Kupala. Our distant ancestors, on this day burned bonfires and jumped over them, and also passed the rite of purification of soul and body with the help of water. Today, this tradition has changed somewhat. Bonfires are rarely burned, but they pour water on themselves and passers-by, and also bathe.
Characteristics uniting different nationalities
- Respect and respect for elders.
- Unlimited love for children.
- A thorough study of history is kind.
- Respect for other religions.
- Friendliness and openness to people of different nationalities.
Conclusion
The culture and traditions of the many peoples inhabiting the Samara land are closely intertwined and complemented each other with their wealth and diversity. All conditions are created here in order to live in love and harmony.
Each of us is unique in the same way as any nation. The names of the peoples of the Samara region can be listed for a long time, the main thing is that, as one Tatar poet Gabdulla Tukai wrote in one of his poems:
And will the end of this friendship come?
Yes, we were born and grow tall
Threaded as if on a single thread.
A variety of cultures and religions does not prevent the peoples of the Samara region from living and working together, loving and raising children.