Surely more than once you had to deal with a situation when you need to present an identity card. But organizations and departments require, for similar purposes, lists of various documents with various contents. A passport may be required from you, and a military ID, a driver’s license, a form with a TIN and even a certificate from a housing management company may be required to load it. In general, the more developed the fantasy among the heads of various departments, the more extensive this list will be. But how to determine which document is an identity card at the legislative level? Let's try to figure it out.
The main document of a Russian citizen, which is assigned the function of an identity card by the Decree of the Russian President, is a civil passport. From the day of the 14th anniversary to the very death, each of us must have it at hand. The duties of a citizen, defined by law, state that he must carefully store it and change it in a timely manner (at the age of 20 and after the 45th anniversary), immediately contact the Federal Migration Service if it is lost.
Passport forms have a single sample throughout the Russian Federation, with the exception that individual subjects of the Federation are given the right to independently produce inserts in their official language. In principle, this is all clear, as well as the fact that a birth certificate before the age of 14 replaces an identity card. The birth certificate itself as a certificate can not only confirm the fact of the birth of a child, but also contains basic information about him and his parents. So, the two documents mentioned above are undoubtedly and undoubtedly ranked as confirming the identity.
A separate document has been developed for the military personnel proving their legal status. As you may have guessed, this is an identity card of a Russian soldier. Such a document is unlimited and is valid all the time while a person is in military service. The regulation on its application is approved by the government, and the form is approved by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. But this document is issued only by a professional military. For ordinary and junior command personnel who are undergoing military service or under a contract, as well as for cadets, an ID is a military ID.
In order to enter and leave Russia, in addition to a civil passport, lawmakers provided for special documents - an official passport, a diplomatic passport and a sailor's passport. They certify the identity and citizenship of a Russian citizen abroad and may contain electronic media of various information. In electronic form, basic personal information is recorded, including biometric information.
Here, in essence, is the entire list of the main identification documents that are listed in the legislation. Of course, there are many other certificates, the legal basis of which is fixed by departmental orders. But recall that we are only talking about documents that are valid at all levels and throughout Russia.
It also provides such a form as a temporary identity card of a citizen of the Russian Federation. It is issued for the period of time for issuing a new passport and is valid for no more than two months, while fully replacing the main document.
A lot of different interpretations caused a loud statement by the government on the release of universal electronic cards (UEC). Ideally, a plastic card should replace an identity card, an insurance certificate, a compulsory medical insurance policy, and even provide a connection with the bank. But today it is just a pilot project launched in only a few regions of the country. UEC cannot fully replace a passport, and their validity is only five years. Of course, in the future, a transition to electronic passports is provided. Nevertheless, until all the problems associated with electronic personalization have been studied, a familiar paper passport will for a long time remain the main certifying document.