Modern life has a special rhythm. Under the current conditions, there is a need to ensure the continuous operation of a number of enterprises and productions where devices need round-the-clock supervision. This is not a complete list of areas where work is ongoing without interruption. To ensure this mode, a special work schedule is introduced 2 through 2 in shifts. It not only increases the efficiency in the operation of the main units, but also provides large volumes of production.
The concept of a shift schedule
To understand how this is a work schedule 2 2, it is enough to understand what a shift mode of operation is. It involves a special schedule through which uninterrupted operation of the enterprise is achieved. Usually this requires the organization of three teams, although there is a four-team schedule.
The periods of work in such cases are selected individually on the basis of the principles established in the current labor legislation, as well as the internal regulations of the enterprise or as part of a collective agreement. But working days during the week in this case will be different in traditional views.
Be sure to transfer the company to shift work, several teams are formed. They will carry out their duties in turn, in shifts, which guarantees the conduct of the work process without stops. In the conditions of small collectives, the option is allowed when workers alternately replace each other, working individually. But this is permissible only for simple fields of activity where the use of a large number of automatic equipment is not intended.
The basic rule in organizing shift work is that it is strictly forbidden for an employee to engage more than one shift in a row. This is enshrined in law.
Work 2 through 2
To date, there are several options for shift work. But in practice, work schedule 2 is most in demand in 2. In this case, a person works for two days, and then he has two days off.
The peculiarity of this mode of operation is that the working day in this case continues for more than eight hours as it should be during a five-day working week. In addition, you have to go to work, both on weekdays and on weekends. Even if a person goes to work on holidays in a shift schedule, such work is paid in a standard one-time amount without allowances. Despite the fact that the shift can reach 10 or even 12 hours, this is not considered processing, therefore, additional payments in this case are not supposed to the employee.
As part of the shift schedule, there is no overtime work. All these features and nuances are reflected in the employment contract. In some cases, companies prefer to draw up additional agreements in this regard.
The legislative framework
Features of the work schedule 2 2 and how to organize it - all this is indicated in the current labor legislation. Moreover, the right to regulate employee schedules and their formation remains with the organization’s management. It is important not to exceed current labor standards - an employee must work no more than 167 hours per week, as with a standard working week of 40 hours.
The duration of each shift is set by the management of the enterprise. But some categories of employees have shortened labor shifts.
Despite the fact that the management independently sets the duration of each shift, it cannot be 24 hours.
Which organizations work on a shift schedule?
A shift schedule in all its variations, including two working days and two days off, is typical for any organizations and enterprises that require round-the-clock work. First of all, these are:
- Services that provide emergency assistance and respond in emergency situations are firefighters and police, doctors, rescuers. The help of representatives of these professions may be required at any time of the day or night, and you can’t hesitate. Therefore, they cannot do without shift work.
- Enterprises and production, which are not supposed to stop work. Often the equipment does not turn off for several years or even decades.
- Enterprises representing the service sector - restaurants and hotels, information and security services, as well as many catering establishments.
- Transport service. First of all, this applies to airports and train stations, where even minute hesitations are unacceptable.
- Many trade organizations - if some offer their services to customers around the clock, others may have a longer working day.
This is not a complete list of organizations where such a schedule of labor activities can be introduced. Moreover, you can switch to shift work at any time when such a need arises.
Features of shift schedules
To understand how this is a work schedule 2 2, you need to know all its features that relate to work processes. They can vary depending on the characteristics of production and its subtleties. But in any case, the work is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the labor code.
It is permissible to introduce shift work for a certain period or on a permanent basis. The main thing is that there should be sufficient rest at a 12-hour shift, and also the allowable number of working hours during the week and calendar month should not be exceeded.
In addition, the graphs should cover a certain period of time - a quarter or a month. In the course of their compilation, they consult with the trade union.
The duration of each shift can be different, depending on the requirements of the production. But the day off should always be strictly on schedule.
Everyone who works on a shift schedule also has standard leave and paid sick leave under current law.
Work schedules
When an organization establishes a shift schedule for its employees, there is a need to draw up a document that reflects it. It mandatory indicates such information as:
- the duration of each shift;
- days off, duration of rest between shifts;
- number of work shifts;
- the sequence of work of employees in production;
- breaks during each shift for rest and eating.
The order of actions required to be carried out in urgent cases is separately indicated: if the substitute does not go to work for one reason or another, as well as the particulars of changing work schedules at the request of the employee.
Within the two-shift work schedule (that is, day, night, loose, day off), the following types of shifts can be expected:
- day time;
- night (or evening, depending on the production need).
Night shift
Night is called such a shift, most of which falls on the night period. The time preceding it is called the evening shift. Their duration is a total of 16 hours. But in most cases, a 12-hour shift is assumed when the organization operates 24 hours.
Typically, a working day starts and ends at 8 a.m. or evening, respectively. At the same time, the employee does not have the right to independently change the existing schedule without coordination with the administration. You can work only on your shift.
It is important to monitor the even alternation of existing teams: each of them should alternately work on day and night shifts.
There are several options for organizing labor. Usually, workers go out first on the day, then on the evening shift or immediately on the night shift. But it is possible to work on a pair of shifts - two days a day, then two days a night.
Features of work at night
For a general idea, like this is a work schedule 2 2, it is important to understand the features of both day and night shifts.
In accordance with the current legislation, the night shift is considered the majority of which occurs in the evening and at night (for example, from 20:00 to 8:00 in the morning).
In accordance with current regulations, night shifts should be an hour shorter than day shifts. Moreover, this time is not subject to development. But in cases where a person is entitled to a shorter duration of a shift, a reduction of this hour is not relied upon him.
Some employees are not allowed to leave on night shifts. First of all, these are:
- minors;
- pregnant and some others.
Attracting for work on the night shift is not permissible for all. So, to work outside the daytime only when expressing such a desire in writing can women with children under 3 years of age, people caring for the sick, single parents, people with disabilities.
Clock rationing
In the case of the shift schedule, extended shifts in no way violate the rights of employees, if the duration of the working week does not exceed 40 hours. Usually, time worked is not monitored weekly, but monthly. This is a more convenient option in practice.
All standards for maximum duration are reflected in production calendars.
Payment
Due to the fact that the work time accounting for the shift schedule is carried out for long periods, usually a month, charging is based on the number of worked shifts for this period.
The accounting period is the length of time for which shift work is established. It is based on current standards within the framework of labor protection.
A schedule is drawn up so that each of the organization’s employees has the opportunity to work out the right number of hours. In addition, it takes into account the planned annual leave of employees.
The average working month is 167 hours. If overtime is involved, it is paid extra. In cases where the employee does not have time to work out the set hours, payment for them is deducted.
When working on weekends, as well as on holidays, an increase in wages is not provided due to the nature of such a schedule.
Finally
Each organization has the right to choose a shift schedule for employees, including option 2 through 2 or others. The main thing is to adhere to labor time standards and clearly maintain the required documentation.
Also, do not forget that with a shift schedule, physical activity on people increases, which over time can affect their health. For this reason, it is important to alternate night shifts with day shifts so that a person works as little as possible during night hours.