At the beginning of each growing season, the gardener raises the question of how to process potatoes from diseases and pests before planting. And it is necessary to think about this even before the problem arose, since it is easier to prevent this disaster than to deal with it afterwards.
Tubers sorting
In the fall, the gardener selects the best seeds, discarding very small or large, as well as diseased or damaged specimens.
1. It is required to get prepared blanks from storage places in about a month.
2. In order to identify instances that have obvious signs of fungal or viral diseases, it is necessary to sprinkle them on a large surface and carefully examine everything that you don’t like, you need to remove it.
3. The next step is warming up. For this, tubers are placed in a place with a temperature of 15 to 18 ° C. Then they are inspected once more and those with signs of the disease are removed.
4. Before you think about how to process potatoes before planting from a Colorado potato beetle, you need to understand that tubers weighing about 70 grams are optimal for germination. You need to know that smaller or larger ones are also suitable provided that they are completely healthy, but their use is less desirable.
Training
This stage consists in the formation of optimal conditions for the appearance of sprouts. Tubers are taken from the premises in which they were stored in the winter, and laid out in a bright and warm place. This is done approximately 20-30 days before planting. Be sure to sort out and sort the seedlings by size. Performing such procedures makes it possible to achieve simultaneous seedlings.
Sprouts that are longer than 5 centimeters are removed to conserve energy for the further process. Then it is necessary to ensure optimal conditions and decide whether to process potatoes before planting. And it is also recommended to give him access to light, as he will provide landscaping, as a result of which the seeds will germinate and root better. If large tubers were selected, then they must first be cut into two or three parts, but so that a sprout is preserved on each of the lobes. If it is absent, then the shoots may never rise. In order to avoid decay, the slice must be treated with ash, as it has antibacterial properties.
Preparations
In order to understand how to process potato tubers before planting, it is necessary to understand the means that are presented today in easy reach.
1. Fungicide "Maxim" delays the development of late blight, and also protects new shoots from rhizoctonia and reduces the defeat of silver and common scab.
2. The Kruiser systemic insecticide protects tubers from most soil and ground pests, namely, aphids, Colorado potato beetles and wireworms.
3. “Quadrice” contributes to an increase in productivity, and also protects against many ailments.
4. “Celest Top” qualitatively protects from soil and ground pests and fungal diseases, which so often affect the roots and the crop itself.
5. The two-component insecticide "Volyam Flexi" actively protects from sucking pests, as well as the Colorado potato beetle.
6. For those who want to choose how to process potatoes before planting from wireworms, you can offer the drug “Force”. It causes the death of the pest until it reaches the harvest.
7. "Aktara" protects from all eaters for several months.
8. "Prestige" perfectly protects late varieties from wet rot, rhizoctonia, Colorado potato beetle, scab, and improves germination, growth, and shoot formation of the plant.
Those who are interested in how to process potatoes before planting can still recommend such preparations as Komandor, Imidor, Imidalit, Agrovitali, Tabu and Nuprid 600.
Eye growth stimulation
If you perform certain procedures before planting, you can achieve faster germination, as a result, the tubers ripen quickly.
1. Poteytin, which increases yield by more than 20%, is perfect for stimulation. The solution must be prepared immediately before soaking. One ampoule dissolves in a liter of water. This amount can be processed up to six kilograms of seeds. The procedure is recommended to be carried out immediately before landing. And also the drug acts as a fungicide, namely it protects seeds from late blight.
2. You need to know how to process potatoes before planting in order to accelerate cell division. With this procedure, the drug "Bioglobin." If used correctly, then the yield can be doubled. Thanks to the above processing, seedlings begin to appear one third faster than with a conventional planting of untreated material. All procedures must be carried out a month before the seedlings are lowered into the ground. It is recommended to use together with pest preparations in order to preserve the future crop as much as possible.
3. A very good Mikom complex can be used - this is a high-quality stimulant that helps the development of the eyes, which, in turn, shows good results with further germination.
4. It is also recommended to use the drug "Immunocytophyte", which is produced in tablets. Those who know how to process potatoes with Prestige before planting will have no problem figuring out this drug, since they are similar in their actions and characteristics. The complex stimulates and regulates germination, and also helps to fight diseases. With one tablet, you can process up to twenty kilograms of seed.
Colorado potato beetle and productivity
The very first defeats by this pest were noticed in 1855. The insect got its name after revealing its massive attack on garden crops in Colorado. The biological harmfulness of the parasite depends on the nature of the impact on the culture. The relationship between the presence of beetle and root crop productivity is quite large. The main harm is done by the pest larva. At this time, on average, 50-120 mg of potato tops are eaten in one day. In addition, each individual devours approximately 750 mg of green food base. After wintering, young insects that have already grown up are also dangerous. Each individual that came to the surface destroys at least 135 grams of leaf mass. It is very important to know how to process potatoes before planting from the Colorado potato beetle, since in the initial stage of vegetation, vigorous formation and growth of tops takes place, which can compensate for the loss of leaf mass.
Modern gardeners are actively fighting this pest, because if it is not destroyed, it is capable of destroying large areas of the crop in a very short time. It should also be noted that this pest breeds in a very short period of time. You can use Matador Grant, a broad-spectrum drug, against insects, it protects potatoes both from the Colorado potato beetle and from wireworms, moths, whiteflies, aphids and cicadas, and is also able to protect against pathogens such as alternariosis, late blight, peronosporosis and macrosporiosis. It is necessary to calculate the concentration of the drug correctly so that the component does not harm the person. For 30 potatoes, you need to take 30 ml of the drug, which should be mixed with 200 ml of water.
The prepared material is laid out on a plane, and then thoroughly sprayed. After the tubers have completely dried, it is advisable to immediately send them to the wells.
It is also recommended that you know how to process Prestige potatoes before planting, as it can be used in a mixture with another drug, such as Maxima. For a solution of the first ingredient you will need 100 ml, and the second - 70 ml. This set will be enough to process 100 tubers efficiently. All other proportions for mixing can be seen on the packages in which they are located. For early grades, Tabu will be an excellent protection - its decay period does not exceed 45 days, as well as Cruiser, which has a consumption rate of 7 mg per 10 kg of material.
Painful microorganisms
Each gardener needs to know how to process potato tubers before planting in order to get a good crop in the future that will be of high quality and without damage. There are a large number of bacteria that will appeal to everyone's favorite vegetable.
In order to protect the tubers from fungal infections, it is required to treat them with a solution of copper sulfate. To do this, prepare 3 liters of water and stir in them one small spoon of the substance. Then the seed is laid out in a grid and lowered into the solution for several minutes. Further, the tubers need to be allowed to dry, and after a couple of days you can begin the planting process.
And you also need to know more than to process potatoes before planting in order to protect it from various pathogens. To do this, you can use the fungicide "Fitosporin-M". This is a chemical preparation that is bred according to the instructions presented in it. Then the tubers are placed in the solution for literally 15 minutes. Then they immediately dig into the ground.
Against such diseases, it is recommended to use only chemical components and use them as indicated in the manual.
Wireworm
It is important to know how to process potatoes before planting from the wireworm, as this is also a pretty bad pest. It is a caterpillar of the nutcracker beetle, which actively gnaws passages in tubers. Harvest affected by such misfortune is usually thrown into the trash, as it is almost impossible to clear the tubers from it. In the fight against such a pest, the drug “Prestige” or “Tabu” will come to the rescue. They can be sprayed with seeds or applied directly to the well before the start of the planting phase. Consumption - 1-2 liters per 1 hundred parts of the site. In addition to the above funds, you must also know how to process potatoes before planting. These include the “Commander”, “Picos”, “Imidor” and “Nuprid 600”. Such complexes actively fight not only with wireworms, but also with other parasites, such as a gnawing scoop, a nematode, grubs, a bear, pseudopods and other insects.
Folk remedies
As you know, such a product as potatoes is loved not only by people, but also by different beetles and microorganisms. The use of chemicals to protect the future crop is not always welcomed by gardeners, as there is a possibility of filling tubers with pesticides. Therefore, you need to know how to process potatoes before planting from late blight, since this is a very serious bacterium, so many people use natural ingredients to solve the problem. The Colorado potato beetle is considered so dangerous a pest that it is almost impossible to overcome it with usual natural recipes. Although there is a chance to prevent its active reproduction. At the time of planting, add a little ash to the hole and throw coriander or bush beans, which are characterized by a strong smell. In addition to these plants, it is also recommended to use basil, dill, tansy and calendula.
It is important to know how to process potatoes before planting from late blight, as this is a serious disease that affects the seed. Before planting, the tubers are processed with potassium permanganate. To do this, they must be placed for 30 minutes in a solution that is made from 1 g of potassium permanganate, diluted in 1 liter of water. It is also recommended to prepare a complex mixture. For it, you need 10 grams of copper sulfate, 1 gram of manganese, 1 gram of boric acid. The whole mixture is diluted with 10 liters of water. After the treatment process, you need to wait until the planting material dries well, and then only lower it into the holes.
And you also need to know how to process potatoes before germinating for planting, so that seedlings appear faster and to protect the crop from pest damage. To do this, take a 10-liter capacity and dilute 1 kg of ash with water. The potato not only receives a kind of protection, it is also well absorbed by potassium, which helps quite quickly germinate.
An equally important factor in protecting already planted material is compliance with crop rotation rules, as well as various agricultural practices.
When can I plant
It is considered necessary to know not only how to process potatoes before planting, but also when it is possible to send prepared tubers to the ground. Most often, after all the preparatory work has been completed, you can plant on the same day after the seeds have completely dried. When the tubers are soaked in solutions, a few hours are enough to fully prepare for planting.
The timing of treatment also directly depends on the drug that is used. So, for example, “Bioglobin” must be used a month before and immediately before disembarkation. Therefore, you need to carefully study the manual, to know how to process potatoes from a beetle before planting, and carefully follow the instructions. Presowing manipulations are a preventive measure that allows you to reduce subsequent costs for the control of pests and diseases. And also the above procedures significantly increase the yield of the crop.
The need for drugs
Before using certain funds, you need to carefully calculate the benefits of their use. It is important to understand how to process potatoes before germinating for planting is best, since additional stimulation ensures the formation of one and a half dozen new tubers from one planted. Pest control helps maintain a good third of the rate. The quality of the grown products is also increasing, so pre-sowing treatment is fully justified.