Determinant tomato varieties can be cultivated in open ground, as well as in greenhouses, under temporary shelters. All undersized species are characterized by high productivity, resistance to diseases. Among them there are large-fruited varieties, medium-sized tomatoes, unusual shapes, and cherry. By maturity, the determinant varieties can be very different. Their fruits are painted in a variety of colors: red, black, yellow, green, white, striped, orange, pink.
Determinant Tomatoes
Many beginners, and experienced summer residents, are wondering, what does a determinant tomato variety mean? This word came from the Latin language and translates as "limited", that is, determinant - these are plants that are limited in growth. For these varieties, growth is completed by the formation of a fruit brush with fruits.
Such varieties are characterized by a cessation of growth of the central shoot and the presence of strong lateral stems extending from the sinuses of the leaves below.
Wondering what it is - a determinant variety of tomatoes, you can safely answer that these are hybrids that are not able to rise above a certain height.
Species of Determinant Plants
It is not enough to know what the determinant variety of tomatoes means, you should also know what species are. The highest representatives of restricted tomatoes are semi-determinant. They are able to grow to a height of 1.6 m. Plant growth is limited immediately after laying ten or more fruit brushes formed in two or three leaves. The first brush is laid after eight sheets.
For determinants, the formation of brushes through two sheets is characteristic. What does it mean? The first brush is laid over the sixth sheet. Height can be 1.6 meters.
Superdeterminant varieties are able to grow at very different heights, but they are characterized by the laying of a flower brush every 1 or 2 leaves. The first fruit brush is formed above the fourth leaf.
All species are characterized by growth restriction with a fruit brush.
Features of low plants
Determinant tomato varieties have several features.
- They have a small number of stepsons. There are varieties that do not require pinching.
- Bushes are low: up to a meter high.
- Plants form a certain number of fruit branches, after which their growth stops, and all the forces go to the ripening of tomatoes.
- Low grades practically do not need a garter.
- Fruits ripen faster than indeterminate varieties.
- The determinants need less space for growth and development.
- High resistance to diseases.
Due to the nature of plants, they are most often grown by summer residents in their areas. After all, varieties of this type need minimal care, they quickly and friendly harvest, and they practically do not need to be formed.
The most common varieties
When growing determinant varieties of tomatoes in a greenhouse, early crops can be obtained. In closed conditions, plants develop and grow better, since a special microclimate is created there. However, not all varieties can be grown in a greenhouse, there are those that show the best results in open ground.
Avatar F1
This is a unique variety of early ripening, bred by Mashtakov. From germination to the beginning of fruiting, up to 90 days pass. The fruits of the determinant cultivar are roundly elongated, smooth, and have a small nose at the apex. They grow up to 300 grams with excellent taste.
Tomato is characterized by a friendly return of the crop, which is important for obtaining a mass crop. The avatar is practically not sick with the tobacco mosaic virus, some types of rot, alternariosis. The grade is heat-resistant, stress-resistant.
Andromeda F1
The variety was bred by Russian breeder A. Mashtakov. It grows ideally in a greenhouse, under temporary shelters, in open ground. Tomato ripening begins two months after transplanting. The fruits have a flattened shape with a smooth red, gold or pink color. The mass of tomatoes is up to two hundred grams.
Under standard agricultural conditions, about 30 kilograms of tomatoes can be harvested from one square meter in a greenhouse. The first inflorescence is laid over the sixth leaf.
Gift of the Volga region
Among the best determinant varieties of tomatoes is the Gift of the Volga region, bred by the Volgograd Experimental Station. This tomato belongs to the determinant, mid-early varieties. About 110 days elapse from seedling to fruit production.
Tomatoes are round in shape, medium in size. There are red and pink subspecies. The variety is ideal for outdoor cultivation. The gift of the Volga region is characterized by high resistance to a variety of diseases, as well as the stability of the crop: even in bad weather, it gives good tomato crops.
Nobleman
The nobleman is a determinant variety of tomato for open ground and Russian-made greenhouses, medium ripening period. Fruits of the variety are heart-shaped with a slight ribbing, pink in color with a pronounced tomato flavor. Weight - about 300 grams. The fruits of the variety contain a high percentage of sugars, so they are sweeter than other varieties.
Alenka
The variety belongs to the determinants, with early ripening and high yields. Alenka is intended for outdoor cultivation. The bushes are standard, not requiring pinching, but they need to be tied up, as they can fall.
The fruits of the variety are rounded. They grow up to 100 grams - juicy, smooth. From one plant you can collect up to 5 kilograms of tomatoes.
Tasmanian chocolate
Among the best determinant varieties of tomatoes for greenhouses and open ground that do not require pinching, the Tasmanian chocolate variety should be noted. It reaches a height of 90 cm. It is distinguished by powerful green leaves.
Fruits are flat-round, weighing up to 400 grams, red-brick color. They use tomatoes to make salads, juices, sauces, and they are also good for fresh consumption.
Budenovka
Among the undersized varieties, the favorite of many summer residents is the Budenovka variety. It has a mid-early ripening period, which is resistant to diseases and sharp temperature drops. The fruits are large, up to 500 grams, do not crack. It is possible to remove up to seven kilograms of tomatoes from one plant.
Raspberry giant
The bush is considered determinant, although about a meter high. The plant was obtained by the method of hibridization, due to which it practically does not suffer from diseases. Productivity is up to 20 kilograms per square meter. Tomatoes are consumed fresh, they are canned. The variety is popular in mass cultivation, as it gives stable and high yields in any weather.
Other varieties of tomatoes
There are many different varieties for growing in a greenhouse and in open ground. Among them, summer residents rated:
- Oak. This is a bright red, tasty and meaty tomato, which is resistant to late blight and a number of other nightshade diseases.
- Yamal. Appreciated for early ripening, friendly return of the crop and long-term storage.
- Honey cream. The fruits have an unusual plum shape. Tomatoes are used for canning, fresh consumption. This variety can be stored for a long time.
- Grotto. Belongs to ultra-mature varieties.
- Nevsky. The fruits are oval, elongated, weighing up to 100 grams. The bushes are compact in shape. One square meter accommodates up to six plants.
- Khali Gali. A variety of early ripening. Plant height - up to 90 cm. Fruits are red, roundish, even. They grow up to 150 grams. The variety is suitable for cultivation in open ground and in greenhouses. However, it shows the best results when grown in a protected place.
- French bunch. The plant grows up to a meter in height, requires garter. The variety is intended for cultivation in open ground and in greenhouses. Fruits are elongated, ripening red, with a green base at the stalk.
- Queen of the fields. The plant is fruitful, determinant, carpal type. Variety bred for planting in open ground. It has a spreading crown, like the Roma variety. Plant height - up to 70 centimeters, does not require formation. Fruits are red, elongated, in the brush from six to eight or more pieces.
Among yellow-fruited varieties, summer residents often plant Amber variety on their plots. It belongs to the early, productive, unpretentious tomatoes of amateur selection, intended for film greenhouses and open ground. The fruits have a beautiful golden color. The shape of the tomatoes is round, even: outwardly resembles balls on branches.
Recently, varieties intended for cultivation in a cache-pot have become popular. Such plants limit growth at a height of about 20 cm. The fruits are similar to cherry: small, 6-10 pieces in a brush. Such plants are considered a real decoration of the garden and table. After all, they can be grown on the windowsill, on the terrace, on the balcony. Varieties of this species are able to grow for several years, delighting gardeners with tasty, healthy mini-fruits. Such varieties are especially valuable for those who are not able to grow tomatoes in their summer cottages, but want to try their hand at this.
When choosing a variety, you can look at high, i.e. indeterminate varieties. Such plants do not have growth restrictions. Typically, such crops are grown in greenhouses. Such varieties are able to produce crops until the frost, when the determinant varieties of tomatoes already stop bearing.