The realization of the economic interests of citizens is possible only if there is a freedom in the activities of people. This is a prerequisite. However, since the topic is detailed, it is necessary to talk about it, touching on some important nuances.
About concepts
Freedom in people's activities is, in simple terms, the breadth of economic behavior. It manifests itself in the process of choosing forms of ownership, as well as the scope of application of their knowledge, abilities and capabilities. It is also reflected in the methods of income distribution, in the choice of profession, in how exactly a person consumes material wealth.
The constituent parts of economic freedom are the right to create communities (and termination, if necessary), to private property and entrepreneurial initiative. If all this is really respected (in fact, not in words), then in society there is a high level of productivity and a minimum number of people in need. Because the needs are provided as much as possible.
It is also important to note that economic freedom enables people to organize production and distribute profits on their own. That is, without the intervention of the authorities, who are usually interested in this. In other words, economic freedom in the activities of people is a real democracy.
Private business
Attention should be paid to such a concept as business law. Now many are organizing their business. And these people, in conditions of freedom, have the opportunity to engage in any type of economic activity. They can join unions, choose and change jobs, take part in strikes, offer any number of services and goods. The only restriction is state law. And also the rules of market competition. There are some restrictions on business. The activities that the entrepreneur plans to carry out should not be harmful to the environment and to consumers.
Competition
This concept contains entrepreneurial law, so it must be noted with special attention.
Competition is an economic rivalry waged by various enterprises for the right to receive most of a certain type of resources. There are two types of it. Perfect and imperfect competition.
The first is most common. Because perfect competition implies the implementation by several manufacturers of such a product, which is quite standard for itself. Bread, milk, grain, coal - whatever. And such “standard” imposes an obligation on manufacturers to sell their product at an established price. No more, no less. Here, by the way, is an example of the restriction of freedom.
But imperfect competition implies the sale of a unique product or service by a manufacturer. There are many consumers - but the “seller" is one. Or a few, but still not enough. This is where certain forms of freedom of economic activity manifest themselves. After all, the manufacturer has full control over the set prices. His product is unique, and customers will purchase it even at an inflated price.
Other provisions
The concept of "freedom" of human activity is directly related. And it is closely, inextricably linked with the word "choice". Well, here are some of the provisions, based on all this, can be distinguished:
- An entrepreneur who is the owner of material resources has the right to use them as you like.
- He is also free to hire workers to engage in this or that labor.
- People have the right to engage in activities that they like and benefit from.
- Everyone can pursue a personal interest by carrying out work, but not to the detriment of others.
You can list many more other provisions. But they all show that every person in the market economy pursues a personal interest. Which shapes the behavior of all people who exercise their free choice - whether it is an ordinary worker or businessman. And in all cases concerning the production of services and goods, the desire to profit is reflected in the satisfaction of the public interest.
Turning to the Constitution
In the main legislative document of the country there is a chapter (under the number "2") devoted to the rights and freedoms of man and citizen. Much has been spelled out in it. And the provisions relating to such topics as freedom in the activities of people - too.
Article 30, for example, states that all people have the right to association. Everyone can freely create a trade union that is designed to protect the interests of citizens. And the freedom of activity of associations of a public nature is guaranteed.
Article No. 37 refers directly to activities. Labor is free. The practical activity of a person, its direction and character is chosen by him. Everyone can manage their abilities as they please - to choose their profession and the world of work on their own.
Article No. 43 talks about educational activities. Everyone has the right to learn. Pre-school, general and secondary vocational education is publicly available and free of charge. Higher - too, but it can be obtained on a competitive basis.
Activities
They are also worth noting attention. The topic is interesting, because even the notorious educational (it is also cognitive) activity is divided into the following categories:
- Ordinary (exchange of experience between people) /
- Scientific (education, study of laws, regulations) /
- Artistic (related to creativity) /
- Religious (the object of study is the man himself).
However, this is an example. There is also spiritual activity, professional, economic, informational, mental, labor. The latter is divided into five categories:
- Man nature. In the course of this activity, the person interacts with microorganisms, animals and plants (for example, dog handlers).
- Man-man. This category includes professions related to the interaction of people. For example, psychologists.
- Human Technique. Here there is a place to be the interaction of mechanisms and man (engineering, automotive, etc.).
- Man-sign systems. Professions involving interaction with artificial and natural languages, codes, schemes, etc. (for example, programmers).
- Man is an artistic image. That is, creativity - choreography, music, acting, etc.
The choice is free. Absolutely anyone can be the activity of man and society. Everyone is free to choose.
Household
The topic of freedom of economic activity should also be noted with attention. Only the definition itself is understood differently everywhere. But in Russia, economic activity is any kind of entrepreneurship that is associated with the production of goods acting in the form of goods.
Of course, people doing business are free to choose. But not really. Because their main goal is profit. And to earn money, you need to define a niche for yourself. A person would like to publish his newspaper - but nowadays this is far from the most efficient way of transmitting information. Isn't it more profitable to organize an online publication? So there is freedom, but very conditional.
Because the entrepreneur needs to answer three main questions: what to produce? How exactly? And for whom? Answers to these questions will be able to identify a specific consumer. Which, in turn, wants to receive the goods and use it - that is, to use the produced good.
Convention
Still, freedom is not unlimited. This is a very complex concept in principle. Especially in this case. Because there is a certain relationship between the understanding of freedom as a social and philosophical category - and an economic term. What is it expressed in? In that the more value is attached to the free choice of an individual member of modern society, the more significant is economic freedom in this state. Another conclusion follows from this. Namely: every government intervention in the course of economic development is a restriction of freedom. Which, in addition, enhances addiction. Real economic freedom can only be achieved through political compromises.