A metal roof, the installation technology of which will be described in the article, is an excellent solution if you want to create both a cold and a warm roof system.
Features of the arrangement of the roof
If there is a need to install a warm system using tiles, then you have to insulate the slopes. This will allow you to get an attic room suitable for living. Be sure to provide protection against condensation that may occur on the internal surface of the system. In order to prevent such phenomena, it is necessary to apply waterproofing, which is often used as a membrane that outperforms films in the struggle for quality, because the membrane is permeable to steam, which prevents the accumulation of water. When using such superdiffusion materials, you will have the opportunity to significantly save space, because installation of paintings should be done without providing a gap.
Additional materials
A metal roof, the installation technology of which is described below, requires initial isolation of the valley. You need to start doing this from above. Adjacencies at junctions and a valley must be eliminated with construction tape. In the case of rafters, the insulation should be laid from the cornice to the ridge, while the panels should be rolled from left to right. The joints of adjacent rolls must be laid on the rafters, making an overlap of a width of 15 cm. Sagging of the paintings must be eliminated.
After you have finished with a waterproofing pad, you can proceed to laying the thermal insulation layer. As a rule, basalt wool is used for this, but you can choose the material yourself. Insulation mats are mounted between the roof rafters. If there is a need to lay several layers, then it will be necessary to lay using the method of dressing the seams. This means that the seams of the first layer must necessarily overlap the plates of the second layer. Otherwise, you will get bridges of cold through which cool air will flow.
The next layer will be vapor barrier. Its purpose is to ensure that the vapors coming from the interior of the premises do not linger in the insulation and do not turn into water vapor there.
Installation of a cold roof using tiles
A metal roof, the installation technology of which must be studied before starting work, can be cold. In this case, the slopes are not insulated. Insulation is laid only on the lower area of the attic. This ensures that the house will remain warm, while the roof space will be well ventilated.
In addition to membranes, a cold tile roof can be mounted using a waterproof film. It is laid with some sagging: between the rafters there should be about 20 mm of sagging, this will contribute to the drain of accumulated condensate. In this case, the waterproofing is also laid horizontally, it is necessary to advance from the cornice to the ridge, while ensuring an overlap of 15 cm.
Creating a crate system
A roof made of metal, the laying technology of which should be known to the master, suggests the presence of a crate. For its installation, it is recommended to use bars of 50x50 mm, as well as an edged board 32x100 and 50x100 mm. In the lower part of the ramp - along the cornice - two boards with a cross section of 50x100 mm should be strengthened. After that, a counter-lattice is laid on top of the insulation, where 50x50 mm bars should be used. They must be fixed along the rafters, starting from the ridge and gradually moving to the bottom.
Next, you can proceed to the device of the crate, which is fixed on top of the counter-crate. Fastening of system elements must be done horizontally. The distance between the boards depends on the profile of the roofing material.
The upper area must be made somewhat more durable. This requires a roof made of metal. DIY technology involves fixing two planks on each side of the ridge plank. In the area of the valley, the crate should be mounted so that it is solid.
Laying metal
If such a roofing device is supposed that the metal tile sheet will completely cover the ramp, then the fastening must begin from the ridge. The first sheet should protrude about 5 cm beyond the cornice. After that, you can begin to fix the roofing panels. Thus it is necessary to ensure an overlap. After you can install three sheets in their place, you should check the correctness of their position in relation to the cornice. Such an analysis should be carried out with the same frequency until the completion of work. The technology of mounting a roof made of metal provides for the use of self-tapping screws, which are screwed into the base of the profile wave, as fixing accessories.
Features of the installation of end plates
End elements should be mounted from the end of the roof. They need to be fastened with self-tapping screws, observing a step of 60 cm. In addition, an overlap has to be made, the width of which is 50 mm. As ridge planks, you can choose flat or rounded elements. The first suggest the need for additional fixation of the plug to its own end. It can be ordinary or conical, and fixation should be done with rivets, there is an alternative solution - self-tapping screws. Before proceeding with the installation of the planks, it is recommended to lay a sealant under the ridge, which can be figured or universal.
Additional items
The technology of mounting a roof made of metal provides for the arrangement of ventilation outlets in the spans between the rafters. If the house has a ventilation system, then its output should initially be combined with a riser. Corrugated pipe is used for this. On the roof to install a passage element, you should cut out and remove the roofing element. After laying the insulation, sealant, and sealant, the outlet of the ventilation system must be inserted into the formed hole and attached to the tile with self-tapping screws.
Chimney device
If you decide that your house will have a roof made of metal, the technology, chimney and all other elements on which will be equipped, should be carefully studied. So, in order to aesthetically bypass the chimney pipe, the latter can be plastered and qualitatively combined with waterproofing. The sheets of tile, which are located on the sides of the branch, must be marked and carefully cut along the stamping line, it is necessary to observe a step from the material to the pipe of 15 cm. Now you can install the aprons. Initially, it is recommended to complete work with the side elements and only then proceed with the rest. When fixing the aprons located on the side, it is necessary to ensure the overlap of at least one crest of the wave sheet. This indicates that the side that is in contact with the roof should have a width of 20 cm or more.
Installation of a steel frame before mounting a metal tile
Your metal roof can be arranged on metal profiles . To do this, I-beams, channels and corners should be used, based on profiled metal. In shape, these elements can be triangular, rectangular and trapezoidal. Before acquiring the components of such a framework, it is necessary to take into account all its positive and negative sides. Among the former, longevity can be distinguished, while among the latter, the complexity of transportation and more impressive labor costs during installation, which is associated with significant weight.
Using steel truss trusses, you can overlap spans of 50 m. As a rule, these components of the system are installed on top of trusses that are located under the slings and have a rectangular shape.
The formation of the steel frame must be carried out after installation of the support from reinforced concrete columns, steel or concrete linings, reinforced with reinforcement and fixed on a brick wall. The roof of the metal tile, the installation instructions of which should be known to you before starting work, is fixed in the area of steel rafters with metal scarves, welded or tightened with bolts. All these recommendations are justified for a private developer, while professional companies use hot rolled pipes, the profile of which can be completely different. Such pipes have a very low weight, which is explained by the use of material in their production, the thickness of which does not exceed 5 mm. This is much less compared to the metal used in the manufacture of the remaining core products.
Features of the installation of the dormer
If you decide that your house will have a roof of metal, the technology, the site of the dormer window that will be formed, should be well studied by you. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account that a frame for this element of the roof will also be needed, and it will have to be sheathed using the same technique as described above. It is necessary to make a crate system for a window in parallel with the installation of the main frame. The dormer should have the same rafters, crate and ridge. During the installation of the rafters at those points where it is planned to place the dormer windows, it is necessary to provide openings enclosed by rafter legs. This will strengthen the system. After you need to mount the cross beams on the rafters. On that beam, which is located below, it is recommended to fix the vertical posts connected with the transverse bar. The frame must be paired with the upper beam. This will get the window frame.
Ventilation duct insulation
So, in your plans - a roof of metal. The technology for which the vent outlet duct assembly will be mounted must be strictly observed. This will allow to perform the work efficiently. So, the ventilation outlet device, or rather its duct, should be accompanied by waterproofing. For this, liquid sealants can be used for external work. This will prevent moisture from entering the space under the roof. As an alternative solution for insulating the ventilation duct, materials and elements such as silicone, membranes, and pressure strips can be considered . Otherwise, leaks cannot be avoided in any way, which will certainly entail a violation of the structure of the roofing cake and water leakage into the interior of the house.
If you are not able to independently carry out installation work, a turnkey metal roofing can be equipped by professionals. This guarantees an excellent result, and, therefore, a long life of the system.