Maksim Gorky. Chronological table of life and work

Theme “M. Bitter. Chronological table of life and creativity ”occupies an important place in the school literature course. The writer is one of the most prominent representatives of the new romantic direction of the turn of the 19-20 centuries, he was the founder of socialist realism in Soviet literature. His biography is no less interesting than his works: it is full of hardship, labor, struggle, through which the author went through during his difficult life.

Childhood and youth

One of the most prominent Russian and Soviet writers is Gorky. A chronological table dedicated to his biography should include the main, most important stages of his life, the first of which are his childhood and youth. The future famous writer was born in Nizhny Novgorod in 1868. He early left an orphan and was brought up by a strict grandfather. Due to constant need, the boy could not graduate from the local school. He was forced to work constantly to earn his bread. In the 1880s he lived in Kazan, where he unsuccessfully tried to enter university; here he became close to the Narodniks and was even arrested.

The beginning of creativity

Gorky, whose chronological biography table is the subject of this review, experienced many difficulties and hardships before becoming famous as a writer. The 1890s became a new stage in his life. It was in this decade that he went on a trip around the country, visited the south, began to work with a clerk. But the most important thing is that his first literary experience dates back to this time: he writes his own stories, published not only in the newspapers of his native city, but also in neighboring areas. He gets acquainted with Tolstoy and Chekhov, readers and critics pay attention to his works.

Dramaturgy

A prominent playwright of the early 20th century was Gorky. The chronological table of his life should include this new stage in his work. In the 1900s, he tried his hand at writing plays that bring him not only all-Russian, but also European fame ("Petty Bourgeois", "At the Bottom"). These works are staged in leading theaters, they talked about a young and talented playwright as a new outstanding author of our time.

The table below summarizes the main milestones of M. Gorky's life.

Emigration

From 1906 to 1913, the writer lived in exile. However, he showed a keen interest in the events taking place in the country, and even before leaving he became a member of the workers' party. Abroad, he writes a novel that laid the foundation for socialist realism in literature. Maxim Gorky was especially famous for his autobiographical works. The chronological table should also reflect this new stage in his work. The author writes a trilogy about his childhood, adolescence and adulthood, reproducing in an artistic form all that he had to endure over the years of wandering, deprivation and the fight against poverty.

Return

The writer took the October coup ambiguously. On the one hand, he was an ally of the Bolsheviks, but he was critical of their policies towards the intelligentsia. He took up social activities and thanks to his efforts and efforts many scientists and writers escaped poverty and starvation. Maxim Gorky, whose chronological life table is presented in the article, went abroad in the 1920s under the pretext of treatment, but in fact because of ideological disagreements with the party. He lived in different cities of Europe until the Soviet government invited him to return to the country.

last years of life

The chronological table of Gorky's life should include the final stage of his work. In the 1930s, he returned to the USSR, began to work actively, and contributed to the consolidation of socialist writers. On his initiative, their first congress was held, at which this new literary movement was proclaimed the dominant and only right. The writer died in 1936. This event completes the chronological table. Gorky's life and work are reflected in it in a brief form for the convenience of memorization.