Today, few people can be surprised by the various innovations used in the arrangement of residential premises. For quite some time now, the use of such a device has been practiced, which is responsible for turning on and off the lighting when a person appears in a room. Despite the apparent complexity of such equipment, almost everyone can make it on their own, for this you only need to know all the nuances of this work and carefully follow all installation recommendations.
Therefore, it is necessary to consider in more detail how to properly install and connect a motion sensor for lighting, as well as deal with the design features of such a device.
Scope of motion sensors
If earlier you could buy this device only for a lot of money, today already almost everyone can afford to have such equipment at home.
Its installation is carried out, as a rule, in the entrances of residential buildings, in constructions of a private type, as well as in various enterprises, which provides people with additional comfort and safety.
The main purpose of the motion sensor is to turn on the light when a person appears. In this case, the automatics are triggered, which is responsible for actuating the entire system. Moreover, such a mechanism can be responsible not only for turning on the light, but also for sound, signaling, etc. But then we will focus on how to connect a motion sensor to a light bulb. This is due primarily to the fact that this version of the device has received the widest distribution among the population.
Technical design features
Externally
, the motion sensor for lighting has the form of a small plastic box having a rectangular or round shape. The device is also equipped with a small diameter hole covered with a
matte film. This plastic partition is called
a Fresnel lens, and it is precisely on its properties that the principle of operation of the sensor is based. It is necessary to handle it very carefully so as not to damage its integrity and not disrupt the process of the entire system.
Tracking the movement becomes possible thanks to the infrared ray beam inside. In addition, the case is also equipped with special hinge legs, thanks to which you can change the position of the device.
The sensor can be fixed both on the wall and with the help of a special auxiliary bracket. Sometimes on the case there may be a button on and off, but there are samples without it, it all depends on the specific model and type of equipment used.
Types of motion sensors for lighting
To understand how to install a motion sensor, it is necessary not only to study the information on its installation, but also to select the desired sample, since there are several categories of such equipment. So, there is a separation of these mechanisms in accordance with the installation location and according to the type of signaling device, but the two largest groups are sensors for the street, or outdoor, and for the room (indoor).
The principle of operation of samples for the street is based on the calculation of the distance from the device to the object. This option will be convenient for private houses with a large territory, as well as massive structures of administrative and economic nature. Some models require a spotlight for quality work, which is important to consider when installing.
The indoor sensor can be connected to any of the rooms, however, when using it, it is important to ensure that the microclimate is more or less stable, that is, without sudden temperature changes, otherwise the device may simply fail.
In addition, this equipment can be divided into the following categories:
- Ultrasonic motion sensors for lighting. They function by reflection from surrounding ultrasound objects. This option is affordable, durable and easy to use.
- Infrared devices. The principle of their action is based on sensitivity to temperature changes. This means that when waves with a certain heat index fall into the radius of its coverage, the light comes on automatically, and you can always set the desired parameter so that the mechanism does not work, for example, when an animal appears.
- Microwave sensor, identical in its work to a standard locator. Signals having a certain frequency are periodically transmitted to the device, as a result of which, after their capture, the device turns on. Such samples have some similarities with ultrasonic devices, but their cost is higher.
Advantages and disadvantages of equipment
In order to understand how to properly connect the motion sensor to control the light, of course, you need to study all the positive and negative sides of such a device. And already on the basis of these data to conclude whether it is worth installing or not.
The advantages of this popular and convenient mechanism are as follows:
- Low consumption of electric energy. Thanks to this sensor, you can not be afraid to forget about the need to turn off the light under any circumstances, since a similar problem is solved automatically.
- Comfort of operation. The use of this equipment will avoid a long search for the switch in the dark.
- High level of functionality. These devices are quite capable of doing without wires, which makes their use more convenient.
However, such equipment has two main disadvantages:
- High price, as a result of which not everyone can afford its installation.
- Relatively complicated installation process. The most important elements when deciding on how to connect a motion sensor are instructions and a diagram. Installation requires certain skills to work with similar equipment, otherwise it would be more correct to turn to specialists for help.
How to determine the location for mounting the device?
Before connecting the motion sensor to the bulb, it is necessary to carefully approach the choice of its installation location, which must be calculated so that the device always works and does not react to extraneous actions. It is necessary to protect the mechanism from external interference and ensure its normal operation both from the network and stationary.
It is extremely important to remember here that it is impossible to mount the sensor near the central heating radiators of the pipeline, near air conditioners and electromagnetic devices.
If the equipment is connected in the wrong place, it can even respond to slight fluctuations such as swaying trees or movement around the perimeter of the house. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a suitable area where there will be no thermal or other effect on the device, and there will be no foreign objects within its coverage area that could affect its operation.
Setting up a motion sensor for lighting
Any technical equipment used in everyday life, as you know, requires preliminary configuration. Therefore, when a question arises regarding how to install a motion sensor, it is initially necessary to adjust its mechanism so that it works as accurately as possible.
Typically, these devices are connected directly to an electricity network with a standard voltage of 220 V. This should not be done only in the case of radio models whose operation is based on the use of a battery.
In order to facilitate the procedure for the master, such as connecting a motion sensor, the circuit for its installation is usually displayed directly on the surface of the device in the area of the terminal block.
So, you can test whether the equipment is functioning by paying attention to its indicator. If it is on, then there is nothing to worry about, but if not, you should configure the device differently. As a rule, not only the blinking itself plays a certain role, but also its frequency, which increases when a person arises in the zone of his radius of action.
The case of any of the devices is usually equipped with special adjustment knobs, thanks to which it is much easier to set up the work so that electricity is consumed in the minimum amount during the day, it becomes possible to adjust the sensor coverage range, etc.
Tools for hand-assembled motion sensor
Such a device, if desired, can be constructed with one's own hand. To do this, you need the following set of tools:
- one-piece housing (base from an old camera is suitable);
- elemental type control base (available at specialized stores);
- screws;
- wires
- soldering apparatus;
- screwdriver.
Further, all the functional parts of the future sensor need to be assembled, while many owners have a question: "What is the optimal connection scheme for the motion sensor?" In order for the design and connection of the device to proceed without unnecessary problems, it is necessary to take into account the features of the device, its technical characteristics and, of course, the correct connection algorithm. Therefore, you should understand in more detail what these installation instructions are.
Instrument installation diagram
When performing a procedure such as
connecting a motion sensor, the circuit involves pulling three wires from the distributor box to the device - this is the phase, zero and the third contact from the twist of the switch with the lamp. In this case, it becomes possible to short-circuit the mechanism so that the light turns on forcibly and for a long time, even in the absence of movement. It will be convenient, for example, when working in the garage, when during the repair of the car any movements are made very little. This can be achieved even despite the fact that almost all devices of this type are equipped with the ability to control the duration of the lamp after a signal is received about the movement that has occurred in the sensor coverage area. As a rule, the terminal block of the device has several designations, the main of which are L (phase), A (lamp), N (zero).
Connecting a motion sensor for lighting
When solving the problem of how to connect a motion sensor to a light bulb, the following installation rules should be taken into account.
The device is connected in a chain between the lamp and the switch by mounting two wires disconnecting both of these parts from each other. This means that the device will be located between them. As a result, the lighting element will function both from the sensor and from the switch.
It also happens that there is a need to install several such mechanisms in a row, for example, in a warehouse. The circuit of their device is similar, but in this case, the wires should be located around each of the lamps separately. Alternatively, the main wire can go in a circle from the switch, while the lamps will be connected to it in a chain. In this case, the installation of sensors is carried out both between the input wires and at the output of each bulb.
To make the installation as safe as possible, the room must first be de-energized, the wiring must be cut in those places where the sensor wires are connected, which, in turn, must be stripped and twisted together. At the end of the work, it is important not to forget to carefully wrap each of them with insulating tape.
Installation recommendations for motion sensors
It is important to remember that the installation of any of these devices requires an individual approach, since the connection instructions may be different, but the main thing here is to equip the device in a place where extraneous signals will not affect its operation.
When discussing the topic: "How to connect a motion sensor (turning on the light) yourself", the following tips should be taken into account:
- For mechanisms with wires, the installation site should be carefully selected, since such devices should not often be moved from one place to another.
- It would be more correct to mount an additional switch, while both devices can function separately from each other. This will turn off the light in a standard way.
- Design rooms are best equipped with a mortise alarm that fits perfectly into the interior.
- Before purchasing a sensor, you should seek the help of a consultant with a question regarding what range of work the device should have in a particular room. A good solution is to connect a ceiling mechanism that is almost invisible to the eye.
- It is important to prevent direct sunlight from entering the device, otherwise the device may soon fail.
Following all these recommendations, you can save yourself from many difficulties. That's all. Now you know how to connect a motion sensor to a light bulb. And this knowledge will help you to correctly install and ensure the equipment quality work for a long time.