In a rare Russian garden today, pear is not grown. These magnificent trees not only give delicious fruits, but also give the site a certain personality, symbolizing stability and success in life. In addition, grandiose breeding work resulted in the cultivation of varieties resistant to the most adverse weather conditions, to which the Russian nature of temperate latitudes is so generous.
The heroine of our publication was Nick's pear, obtained by crossing varieties of the Daughter of Dawn and the Talgar beauty and won the recognition and love of domestic gardeners.
Characteristic
The winter ripening variety, successfully adapted for the difficult conditions of the Central Black Earth Region, is Nick's pear, a photo of which is presented in the publication. High winter hardiness is one of the important advantages of this culture. The tree withstands frosts down to -35 ...- 38 ˚. Another important advantage of the variety is the low flaking of the fruit.
This culture is characterized by:
• average dimensions;
• round shape of openwork crown;
• strongly fused main branches;
• average growth rates;
• mixed type of fruiting.
This variety is universal. Pears are eaten fresh or processed into a variety of desserts and drinks: jam, jams, marmalade, juices, fruit drinks, wine, etc.
Fruit
Nick begins to bear fruit 5-6 years after the tree was planted. This is a high-yielding winter variety that bears fruit in September and October.
The fruits of the tree are medium-sized pears, reaching a weight of 130-150 g and having a classic conical shape. The pear skin is thin, smooth, oily, with a slightly noticeable coating. During the harvesting period, the fruits of the basic greenish color are covered with a washed-out red blush, and when they reach absolute consumer maturity, the green tones of the skin noticeably turn yellow, and the blush becomes brighter and occupies a large area.
The variety is famous for its excellent taste of pulp - sour-sweet, rich and tender, with a light aroma of nutmeg. Its consistency is fine-grained, juicy, moderately dense, without granulation. The pulp has a pleasant creamy tint.
Important benefits of the variety are:
• high resistance to a complex of characteristic diseases, including entomosporiosis, klyasterosporiosis and scab, which can destroy the fruit tree;
• excellent transportability and keeping quality of fruits, giving the opportunity to consume fresh pears over a long period; in the conditions of properly arranged fruit storages, pears retain their marketable properties for 3-4 months.
The disadvantage of the variety can be considered the fact that without regular pruning, the crop crown is noticeably exposed, losing decorativeness, and the fruits are smaller.
Let's talk about the features of growing a culture and its preferences.
Pear Nick: a description of the rules of agricultural technology
The variety is not demanding on growing conditions, although it develops better in places well lit by sunlight (but not under the scorching sun) with permeable, drained, fertile loamy soil. The pear is moisture-loving, but does not tolerate stagnation of water and excessive moisture. Therefore, when choosing a place for landing, special attention is paid to the presence of groundwater: they should not be on the site. Most preferred for planting are places on the southern, southwestern and western sides of the garden.
You can plant a pear in autumn or spring. Landing pits are prepared in advance: for spring plantings in the fall or for 3-4 weeks - in the spring. The surface fertile layer of soil is mixed with humus (rotted manure), wood ash and mineral phosphorus-potash fertilizers. Pit is filled with this earthen mixture. When planting, the seedling is placed so that the root neck of the plant is slightly above (2-3 cm) the soil level. The landed young pear Nick is generously watered.
Crop care
A pear tree, especially a young plant, should receive quality care, because fruit formation depends on this. No exception and Nick's pear. Young trees need shelters not in winter: the trunks are insulated by wrapping with straw, paper, roofing felt. The soil in near-stem circles is periodically weeded and loosened.
Abundant watering is needed - several times in spring and summer. In long dry periods, water the tree more often, focusing on weather conditions. The most productive for the pear is sprinkling.
Fertilizing and trimming
They begin to feed the plant from the second year after planting. Fertilize the tree in spring and autumn, but if necessary (small shoot growth), this is done in the summer.
Organic fertilizing (humus, compost, rotted manure) is applied every three years (10 kg / 1 m 2 ), and mineral supplements are applied annually (15 g of urea and 25 g of superphosphate and potassium fertilizer per 1 m 2 ). Fertilizers are applied to the soil of the trunks in dry form or dissolved in water for irrigation.
Mandatory procedure, on which the decorativeness of the tree and fruit yield depend, is pruning. It is carried out annually, forming the central conductor and the main skeletal branches. In addition, sanitary scraps are needed, in which weak, broken and growing inward, branches of a crop such as Nick's pear are removed to the center of the crown. Gardener reviews confirm the sheer importance of pruning for this fruit tree.