Law is the basis of all parts of human life today. In other words, the legal aspect can be found almost everywhere. The best example of this thesis is the obligatory branch of law. At first glance, this expression raises many questions for people who are not connected with jurisprudence at all. However, commitments surround each of us in everyday life.
A banal purchase in a store is an example of a commitment expressed in the form of a sales contract. Thus, there is nothing unique in this category, but several interesting points can be highlighted.
The main one is the fact that obligations can give rise to a number of other legal relations that are created to ensure them. An example of this is the activity of the Federal Bailiff Service, whose representatives are involved in the execution of decisions of qualified state bodies.
Today, the FSSP is a fairly serious structure, which has specific areas of activity, its own organizational system and, of course, the history of formation. In order to find out what FSSP is, it is necessary to consider all aspects of its work separately.
The concept of bailiffs. Foreign experience
Proceedings in disputes or cases of a different nature are carried out by special state authorities - the courts. The structure of these bodies refers to the eponymous branch of power. In the course of their activities, these authorities issue special regulatory acts that are binding. However, the parties to a particular case do not have the authority and means to actually enforce court decisions. Therefore, there are special bodies of bailiffs.
Such departments belong to the executive branch. Bailiffs exist in every country, because justice is an integral part of the democratic system that needs to be ensured. For example, in the USA federal marshals are vested with executive functions , in Ukraine - the executive service, etc. As for the Russian Federation, the Federal Bailiff Service operates in our country.
FSSP - concept
The Federal Bailiff Service is an executive authority. In his activities, he implements decisions of the relevant authorities. In addition, there are a number of other functions that are characteristic of the FSSP of Russia. For example, there are some control areas of the department. Of course, his main task is to implement the decisions of the Russian courts, which is spelled out in detail in the regulatory framework.
Service History
To answer the question of what the FSSP is, it is, of course, necessary to consider the history of this interesting department. The development of executive bodies begins in parallel with the emergence of an integrated justice system. However, in ancient times, the decisions of the prince and other authorities, as a rule, were directly implemented by combatants, that is, state soldiers.
The first mention of bailiffs directly can be found in documents of such a Slavic medieval state as the Novgorod feudal republic.
Further development of the executive bodies dates back to 1649. At this time, the Council Code is adopted . According to its provisions, the actions of bailiffs are expanding significantly. It talks about their official status, as well as some powers: deliver summons, carry out drives of the parties to the process, etc.
In the 17th century, the functions of bailiffs were delegated to the police. That is, there is a general decline in service. However, after some time, or rather, on November 20, 1864, the institution of performers in the territory of the Russian Empire is being restored. It should be noted that the regulatory framework governing the activities of bailiffs was one of the most effective in all of Europe.
During the existence of the USSR, the system of bailiffs is again liquidated, and the functions are completely transferred to the police. This state of affairs existed until the collapse of the Soviet Union. After the formation of the independent Russian Federation, the police still performed executive functions until 1997, when the Federal Law "On Bailiffs" was adopted.
Service regulatory framework
The FSSP of Russia, like other government bodies, operates on the basis of the principle of legality and the rule of law. That is, the service operates within the framework established by law. The FSSP regulatory framework today includes:
- Constitution of the Russian Federation;
- Federal Law "On Bailiffs";
- Federal Law "On Enforcement Proceedings";
- departmental regulations that govern the widespread activity of the service.
The provisions of these laws and official documents of a different kind explain what the FSSP is, what are its functions, powers, etc. For example, the Federal Law “On Enforcement Proceedings” indicates the need for certain regulatory aspects that enable bailiffs to carry out their activities in legally acceptable framework.
Main goals
Any kind of service or department exists to implement certain tasks and functions, areas of work. As for the FSSP, the activities of this body are directly related to the judicial branch. According to the official regulatory framework, the key areas of work for bailiffs are:
- ensuring law and order in the courts of justice of various fields of activity;
- organization and enforcement of acts of the judiciary, as well as acts of others designated by official norms of the authorities;
- enforcement of criminal law only in that part that is directly related to the scope of the FSSP;
- control over the work of subordinate bodies.
The implementation of the presented areas of activity is real thanks to a whole system of powers owned by the bailiffs.
Authority of the authority
The most detailed understanding of what the FSSP is can be obtained by analyzing the key capabilities of this body. In the legal environment, they are called powers, which can be found in the regulatory laws presented above in the article.
Thus, according to the provisions of normative acts, each department of the FSSP, territorial administration and other structural divisions of the service exercise a number of the following powers:
- They organize the actual execution of court decisions by instituting enforcement proceedings.
- In some cases, special coercive measures are applied, the normative basis of which is an official document.
- The search for debtors is carried out, as well as the process of actual storage of property that was seized in the manner prescribed by law.
- Within the framework of competence, they carry out inquiries and proceedings on administrative offenses.
- Information systems (databases) are created and maintained, in which all the sheets necessary for the implementation of enforcement proceedings are present.
Legal status of bailiffs
Officials work in the FSSP in the republic or in the structural unit of the central apparatus. All of them are representatives of state power, which largely explains the legal status.
However, the legislator puts forward certain requirements for persons who are bailiffs. Thus, an official of this kind can be any citizen of the Russian Federation who is 21 years old and has a higher or secondary vocational education. For bailiffs, a higher legal or economic education is mandatory. It also establishes certain requirements for personal and business qualities, employee health. These aspects should enable the bailiff to carry out the duties assigned to him by law.
Structure of the Federal Bailiff Service
The FSSP system to date has been developed quite successfully. That is, it allows the body and its representatives to effectively implement all the tasks assigned to them. The structure is a three-stage hierarchical structure.
- The central office is the main coordination link. Its system includes separate special-purpose departments.
- Territorial authorities are local service representations. An example is the FSSP in Moscow, as well as bodies in other constituent entities of the Federation. They carry out their activities directly on the territory under their jurisdiction. As a rule, separation is carried out by districts and regions. The FSSP in Moscow is an exception, as it is a city of federal significance.
- The structural element is the sanatorium "Green Valley".
Of great importance in the activities of the FSSP is information technology.
Federal Bailiff Service: arrears by last name
Today, the Internet has penetrated all spheres of human activity. The FSSP also has its own information resource. Debts and persons who own them can be easily identified in an open data bank by last name. This can be done directly on the agency’s website, whose address is fssprus.ru. To do this, go to the appropriate links and enter all the necessary details. You can find out information about both individuals and legal entities. Of course, anyone has the right to apply personally to the body of the FSSP. The address of any unit can be identified without much difficulty.
What to do in case of debt?
Many people are very often lost after FSSP employees come to them. Every person can have debts. Therefore, in case of any difficulties, it is necessary to act within the law and listen to the requirements of the official. In order to prevent the unexpected arrival of bailiffs, you can use the special information service on the FSSP website. The phone of the bailiff in each individual case will be displayed along with information on debt obligations.
Conclusion
So, in the article we tried to find out what FSSP is. This body today performs many different functions that have their own specifics. Of course, the effectiveness of its work does not cause controversy, but we hope that in the future the FSSP will only develop.