Typically, the creation of a ventilation system involves the development of a project for the layout of channels inside the premises. Special attention is paid to the materials and forms in which the mines should be made. However, the exit section of the exhaust air flows is also important. As a rule, for this purpose a special assembly of the ventilation passage through the roof is formed, which organically fits into the structural composition of the roof. When developing the parameters and the overall technical structure of this part, specialists take into account both the characteristics of the duct and the features of the roofing.
What is a roof ventilation unit?
This may be a structure formed by a whole group of elements, although there are almost monolithic installations that perform the function of removing contaminated air. Outwardly, such an element looks like a chimney, only in more compact sizes. In any case, the basis of the design is a metal pipe passing through the entire roof and fixed in a special glass made of reinforced concrete. Depending on which ventilation ducts the roof outlet assembly continues, its dimensions can range from 1 to several millimeters. The same applies to protective coatings. Usually galvanized steel or stainless steel is used, able to cope with both physical wind loads and moisture.
Technical parameters of the unit
The most common material for the manufacture of such duct elements is black steel, the thickness of which reaches 1.2 mm. However, to equip a small private house, you can find less rigid sheets, the thickness of which will be less than 1 mm. It is much more important to pay attention to the form in which the node of the passage of ventilation through the roof is made. The rectangular version is considered traditional, but it is also the most inconvenient to install. An optimal solution may be a round bend, which is available in different sizes with a diameter in the range of 10–125 cm. But this nuance depends on the design of the main shaft. The length is selected depending on the specific operating conditions and roof parameters. On average, this value is 1 m, although, of course, elongated options can be found.
Component parts of structures
The traditional device of this element of the ventilation system is a complex complex of several components. This list includes both the functional parts of the roof, and the fasteners of the assembly itself, as well as sets with fixing devices. The standard node of the passage of ventilation through the roof is a metal channel with elements of air flow regulation. This design is supplemented with insulation and waterproofing materials at the mine exit points for the roof level. In this zone, mineral wool, vapor barrier layers are usually located, sealed compounds are deposited, and an external protective coating is laid.
In the middle and upper parts more attention is paid to the fixing elements. The basic hardware is a self-tapping screw, although other details can be used - depending on the type of roofing. For example, if the node of the ventilation passage through the roof is mounted on a soft and brittle material in the form of a tile, then it is better to rely on fixatives from elastic crimp clamps.
Ventilation node management
The method and the ability to control the passage mechanisms do not depend on the installation solutions, but are determined by the basic configuration of the assembly. Therefore, it is necessary to foresee the possibility of regulating the operation of this system. In particular, the end of the ventilation shaft can be equipped with controlled valves. A special mechanism is used to regulate the operation of this component. A typical set of his commands involves the installation of closed and open positions. In modern versions, the node of the passage of ventilation through the roof also provides intermediate modes of operation of the valve with elements of automatism. Actually, autonomous ventilation valves are also provided with similar systems, which are not integrated into the roofing, but are discharged through the walls.
Roof aisle compatibility
A lot in choosing a specific ventilation unit depends on the place in which it will be installed. Accordingly, the parameters and materials of the roof are taken into account. Since the base of the duct is a rather massive power structure, the load-bearing capabilities of the attic or attic should be initially evaluated. Nowadays, almost all types of roofs provide for the possibility of equipping the roof with multilayer insulators, so there are no problems with the endurance of the same rafters. Of greater importance is the slope angle, the thickness of the overlap and the parameters of the under-roof space. If it is planned to install reinforced concrete flooring, it is advisable to install special panels with decorated holes for fixing the pipe at the installation point of the penetration. The angle of inclination of the roof, in turn, can affect the configuration of the location of the insulating materials and the clips of the duct.
Accessories for roof and ventilation passage
It is not necessary to initially complete the device with all possible functional additions, but before the installation itself it is worthwhile to calculate the design so that there remains the possibility of future equipping the roof with a new option. In particular, the system can be supplemented with gates and deflectors, which will ensure the removal of air flows from attic and attic rooms. If the end of the mine is in close contact with other communication systems, it will not be out of place to include special seals in the device that provide sealing of the engineering communications outputs. Thus, not only ventilation ducts, but also roof penetrations are protected. In a separate order, it is worth considering the protection of the coating itself from the possible effects of gases and warm air.
Assembly of the assembly
First of all, a reinforced concrete base is mounted, into which a supporting pipe must be inserted. In order to increase reliability, this design can be reinforced with mounting flanges or supports. If a node is installed for the passage of ventilation through the roof from corrugated board, then the metal coating elements can be used as fixing components. This possibility depends on how reliably the flooring elements themselves are fixed. The thicker the sheet, the more reliable the connection. But it’s not worth abusing such solutions, since the mutual loads on different designs can be dangerous in some cases.
In the usual way, the passage is fastened with braces, which are also fixed with brackets or clamps on the roof covering. However, if a node for the passage of ventilation through the roof of a metal tile is formed, then it is not recommended to count on serious support of the flooring. In extreme cases, you can use the mount with a large area coverage. For example, an assembly skirt, which is laid on the roof at the place of its contact with the ventilation passage, will protect the installation site from mechanical deformation and from the ingress of excessive moisture.
How much does the passage assembly cost?
Although this component can be attributed to additional parts in the ventilation complex, it costs a lot compared to other elements. However, a lot depends on the configuration in which the node for the passage of ventilation through the roof is purchased . The price of a standard passage without a control system and thermal insulation can be 1.8-2 thousand rubles. In advanced equipment with an automated valve, protective coatings and a ring for collecting condensate, this system can cost 2.5-3 thousand rubles.
Conclusion
Not all roofs have additions of this type. This does not mean that home users abandon ventilation systems - it is simply organized according to a different principle. Indeed, in some cases, the use of roof passages to form an air duct does not justify itself. For example, the types of roofs in which the slope has a large slope do not fit well with similar systems. In such a situation, it is better to organize the withdrawal of exhaust air through windows or walls, making appropriate communications. If we are talking about roofs with typical roofing, which were laid on slopes with a slight slope, then it is quite possible to provide the building with a node for the ventilation passage.