A house without a porch, like a chicken without an egg, like a sheep without a sheep, like love without a heart. With these rhymes, you can begin the story of an important part of the house - the porch. It is nice to relax on it, basking in the sun. You can leave shoes on the porch so as not to drag dirt into the house. A canopy will protect the steps from rain and snow. And if you know how to make a porch with your own hands, then you can build this outdoor part of your home to your taste, as well as save on a team of builders.
Concrete porch
First you need to decide which porch to construct. A brick house is usually made of concrete. To avoid distortions, it is better to build it together with the house itself. Before you make a porch with your own hands, a foundation is erected.
After the porch is marked, a soil layer of 20 cm deep is removed from this place. The deepening is covered with gravel and sand. Water is poured on top until it dries the entire layer and all is absorbed. Now you can erect the formwork and concrete steps.
Formwork is made of wooden boards. It can only be removed after the concrete has set well. So that the edges of the steps do not collapse, each is reinforced with a metal corner. Here's how to make a porch with your own hands made of concrete quality. You can decorate the steps by laying on top of a special mortar, a layer of glue or cement, tiles, stone, granite. Wood porches are no less popular, and more about that right now.
How to make a porch with your own hands made of wood
The simplest version of this design is a wooden box with steps. It can be installed on a base of concrete and crushed stone or put on a sand layer of 5 cm at the corners of the box concrete slabs 40x40x3 cm. 4 beams are placed on them, which will serve as the foundation. Most often, the canopy and porch are mounted on 4-6 vertical logs or beams. They, like all wooden parts, are well lubricated with an antiseptic and deepened into the ground by 70-80 cm. Pits are made with a drill or with a shovel. After this, the holes are concreted.
When the solution dries well, proceed with the installation of the porch. On these supports, longitudinal or transverse logs of timber are packed, and on them are boards from above and from the side. This will be the porch flooring. Now 2-3 kosours are laid obliquely - these are beams or thick boards in which holes for steps are cut. The lower parts of the kosour are installed on horizontal concrete supporting platforms, and the upper ones are attached to the supporting pillars of the porch or logs. Steps go down from the bottom. First, the riser is beaten (the vertical part of the step), and then the tread (horizontal part of the step). Next, the railing is attached. Here's how to make the porch of the house right. It remained on top of the vertical posts to fill the crate of boards and build a roof of iron, roofing material, corrugated board or other suitable material.
General porch requirements
Before you make a porch of metal, concrete or wood, you must familiarize yourself with the general rules.
The finished porch platform must necessarily be 5 cm below the threshold of the front door. The width of the steps is at least 30 cm, its height is 15-17 cm. The length of the steps and the porch must be at least 90 cm, and the protrusion of the platform - at least 120 see Mandatory and railings. A dirt-retaining mat can be placed on the porch floor. It is fixed so that it does not slip.