The bleach stock solution is an excellent disinfectant. With its help they fight against harmful insects, pathogens, as well as rodents. Preparing a solution at home is not so difficult. During operation, the main thing is to adhere to the necessary proportions and observe safety precautions.
Composition and properties
Chloric lime is a white substance with a powdery consistency. It is sold in bags or sacks weighing from one kilogram to thirty. It contains active chlorine, which when combined with water dissolves, forming lime. This substance is quite persistent and does not lose its properties throughout the year.
In addition, chloramine, which is made from toluene and benzene, is also used for disinfection. This gray-yellow powder contains 26.6% chlorine.
Preliminary preparation
As a rule, bleach is used by medical workers to disinfect rooms. Before preparing the mother liquor of bleach, according to safety, gloves should be on the hands of a person, and a respirator and glasses on the face. Moreover, latex gloves are absolutely not suitable. The best material would be thick rubber. The worker also puts on a protective apron. After finishing work, he removes all protective equipment and thoroughly washes his hands.
Cooking procedure
Usually act as follows. Before preparing the mother liquor, a special enameled container is prepared in which the powder will be diluted. For work, you need a wooden spatula to use it to stir the solution. For one kilogram of dry powder, ten liters of pure water is taken, which is poured into a container. Next, the powder is gently poured out and stirred with a stick or spatula. After the powder has completely dissolved, the solution is sent to infuse for a day. As a rule, it is stirred at least two to three times immediately after preparation.
After the expiration of the required period, the finished solution is poured into a pre-prepared glass jar for further storage. A sheet with the date of preparation of the solution, the signature of the responsible medical officer who manufactured the bleach, and also the percentage ratio of the components are necessarily pasted on the container. It should be borne in mind that the prepared composition is stored for no more than ten days.
A solution of chloramine is prepared in just one step. For one liter of liquid you will need no more than fifty grams of powder. It is mixed with a wooden spoon until completely dissolved. Next, cover the container and sign. Use the composition immediately after preparation.
Solutions of bleach in 5, 3, and 1% should be prepared immediately before use. To do this, some water is simply added to the mother liquor. Even in the absence of a table, it is very easy to calculate the ratio of components. For example, to prepare three liters of one percent composition, you will need a total of three hundred milliliters of solution and 2700 g of water.
The purpose of the compounds
Chlorine lime can be used in dry form for the treatment of stains of urine, feces, as well as sputum and vomiting. The spots are simply sprinkled on top with dry powder in the ratio of about one hundred grams per half kilogram of discharge and left in this form for fifty minutes.
A mother liquor of bleach in 0.5, 1 and 2% is used to disinfect objects and rooms, and a more concentrated solution will be needed in order to process the toilet and the trash can.
Ratio of components
In order to prepare a 5% chlorine solution, you will need five liters of pure water and a 10% clarified mother liquor. For 3% of the composition, seven liters of liquid are required, for 2% - 8 liters, and in order to prepare a 1% solution - at least nine liters of water. Accordingly, if necessary, the concentration in a 0.1% solution is 9.9 liters of water, for 0.2% - 9.8, and for 0.5% - 9.5 liters of liquid.
These working compounds are obtained from the mother liquor of bleach. If chloramine is used as the starting material, then the concentration of substances will look like this: for a 4% solution you will need half a kilogram of powder per ten liters of water, for 3% - three hundred grams and 2% - two hundred. Accordingly, to prepare the mother liquor in a concentration of 0.2%, 20 g of powder will be needed, 0.5% - 50 g and 1% - one hundred grams.
Further, in order to make the solution necessary for processing from this composition, you will need a separate container and clean water. To prepare 4% chloramine, you need fifty grams of the composition per 950 ml of water, and for 1% - ten grams. Accordingly, 0.2% - two grams.
What is used for
The finished stock solution will be used depending on its concentration. For example, 0.5% of the working composition, made from 0.5 liters of clarified uterine bleach, is used for disinfection in somatic departments. 1% of the composition carry out disinfection from intestinal pathogens. In order to do the treatment for hepatitis, you will need a 3% solution, and for tuberculosis - 5%.
Room cleaning
General cleaning is carried out, as a rule, no more than once a month. A healthcare professional puts on a protective gown, mask, goggles, gloves and an apron. At first, windows are opened in order to protect the person from chlorine vapor as much as possible. Then they move the furniture aside for convenience, cover the beds and begin the procedure. During work, use napkins made of reusable and disposable fabrics. Windows, window sills, walls and floors are treated.
Solution disadvantages
Despite the obvious benefits, this composition has several disadvantages. For example, it has an extremely negative effect on metal or fabric. With regular use, it can destroy or damage any material. It does not have a good solubility in water, which is why sometimes a solution is prepared in two or even three stages. Many experts complain about the difficulties that arise during the storage of lime. In addition, the insufficiently long shelf life also affects the quality of work.
The advantage of chloramine
Against the background of a mother liquor of bleach, chloramine cream powder has some advantages. It is much better stored, and its effect on any surface is less aggressive. In addition, it is highly soluble in water, which can not be said about lime fluid.