The state is the highest form of organization of society. Its main function is to ensure the protection and satisfaction of individual and group interests with the help of law in a certain territory. Any state is characterized by a number of features that will be considered in this article.
The main features of the state
Any state is characterized by certain signs that distinguish it from other forms of organization of power and society.
1. Public authority and society are divided and do not coincide with each other.
2. Territorial organization. In primitive times, power and society were formed depending on the presence of kinship. The modern state is organized on a territorial basis. This means that power extends to all persons who live in the country.
3. Any state is characterized by a tax system.
4. Power is in the hands of a certain group of people. They are specially trained and have some rights and benefits with which they carry out the functions assigned to them.
5. The competence of the state extends to all subjects of legal relations that are located on its territory, and also covers all spheres of public life.
6. The state - the spokesman for the interests of all citizens.
The difference between the state and other political organizations
Any state is characterized by some features that distinguish it from other political organizations.
1. Sovereignty. The state has all power in its territory and independently of other countries.
2. The exclusive right to make laws.
3. On the territory designated by the borders of the country, only one state may exist, while there may be several other organizations (public or political).
4. Monopoly right to establish the size of the tax on the population and the formation of the budget.
5. Only the state can apply the methods of coercion to achieve the fulfillment of its requirements and orders, which concern subjects of socio-political life.
6. The right to speak on behalf of the entire population, while other organizations are representatives of the interests of only their members.
The main principle of the state
Any state is characterized by the rule of law. At the present stage, this is one of the main conditions for the existence of the country. The rule of law is decisive in the formation of all institutions of the state and society as a whole. Law is the highest social value, the main guideline. The founder of the rule of law concept is A. Dicey. It was he who identified the main components of this phenomenon.
1. The inadmissibility of arbitrariness of power.
2. Equality of all before the law.
3. Constitutional law is the result of respect for human rights, and not their source.
State functions
Any state is characterized by the existence of a number of internal and external functions.
1. Organizational. The main goal of the state is to preserve and achieve the common good, unity, and also to regulate the relationship between the government and the people.
2. Security. The state ensures the observance of the rule of law and the immutability of existing relationships in society. In addition, it advocates for the rights of all citizens.
3. Economic. One of the most important functions of the state is the formation of the country's budget and tax policy.
4. Social. This function is to protect the rights of the population. It includes the organization of a healthcare system, education, etc.
5. Protection of the country from the threat of foreign interference.
6. Conducting international politics, organization of cooperation with other states.