Clothing and footwear of the northern peoples does not differ in color schemes and design. The main material for her tailoring is deer skin. The climate of the north implies freezing temperatures and strong winds. Deer breeding is the main activity of local people. The skin of these animals is the best material for sewing shoes. About the features of tailoring, practicality and convenience of shoes made of deer skin will be described in this article.
Animal Skin Features
Deer hair looks like a hollow tube that helps keep you warm. In winter, when temperatures drop to minus 50 degrees and below, not every animal can survive for several hours. The skin of a deer has a unique property - to become monolithic, this is achieved by expanding the villi. In winter, his coat becomes plain, mostly white. Deer skin has the strength and elasticity that is necessary in the manufacture of shoes.
Women's shoes made of deer skins
Nenets women sew shoes from deer skins called pima; they are female and male. These products are made as follows - they sew the stocking with fur inward, the lower part of the pima is sewn with a pile outward from the kamus (the skin taken from the deer leg). When sewing men's shoes for the sole, they used the skin from the forehead of the animal to give strength.
Male pimas are everyday and weekends, and can serve their owner all their lives. Since hard work involves wear-resistant clothing, when sewing such shoes only the best material is selected. The kamus is sewn with reindeer veins or strong threads, the front part is decorated with drawings.
When decorating shoes made of deer skin, ornaments are used, each of which carries a deep meaning. These are precepts that speak of things that cannot be allowed, and how to behave properly in order to remain a worthy person.
What is the name of deer skin shoes, each northern people has its own answer to this question.
The peoples of the Khanty are called low pima - kitties. They were made of deer skin, summer options were sewn from the skin of the same animal.
Komi residents wear medium-height boots made of deerskin, they are called ttsptski, they sew them with wool outward.
Shoes made of deer skin, the name of which is familiar to many - high boots - the Even national part of the apparel. Made from camus, wool out. There are both high and low models, decorated with beads and tassels of threads.
Winter shoes made of reindeer skins in combination with a tarpaulin on the lower part - such products were used earlier and are now used as workwear when working in the northern regions. Most of the people know such shoes from films about the war against fascist Germany; Soviet pilots walked in them.
Material preparation
The process of preparing a kamus for sewing reindeer skin shoes is a long one. The skin is soaked in sawdust throughout the day. After soaking in the chips, they proceed to scraping with a scraper on a special board. The mezdra is scraped off until the camus is soft. For a more thorough treatment, use flour, rub it into the skin and continue to scrape.
For stitching the finished material, veins from the back of the deer are used. They are dried, and then knead. Unlike filaments, tendons resist moisture, making them a more practical material for making shoes.
Shoes made of deer skin (name - taboki) consists of two layers of leather. The inner stocking is sewn from the skin of a one-year-old deer slaughtered in the summer months. Such material is softer and lighter.
The first polar expeditions took as a basis the experience of the northern peoples in sewing clothes and shoes. The costume could consist of woolen linen, a shirt with fur inside, a stocking of reindeer skin, which were worn under long boots made of the camus of the same animal. The main objective was to keep warm and allow moisture to go out. To achieve the ventilation effect, the Eskimos wear loose jacket-parkas on their naked bodies.
Interesting points
Clothing and shoes made from deer skin can save a person who has fallen under the ice due to the fact that each hair has the shape of a tube hollow inside. So, a shepherd or a hunter who has fallen into the water can be counted on for help for several hours - a unique jacket and boots will keep him on the surface.
The sole on the shoe made of kamus will prevent the shoes from slipping. So, many hunters and fishermen use this unique material for skiing, which makes it easy to move forward and does not allow you to roll back when climbing uphill.
The deer skin is also used as a rug, which can be put on snow and sit on it. So, for example, the shepherds caught in the storm dug holes for themselves and lay in them, calmly waiting for the weather due to the unique properties of the pile.
Where is deer skin used today?
Like many centuries ago, numerous peoples of the north wear clothes and shoes made from the skin of this animal. But not only the peoples of the far North enjoy the convenience and practicality of these products. The market is saturated with products from this material. Do not forget that such things are not only warm, but also light. For example, in small neat boots, the child will always be protected from the cold. And a person in old age will appreciate such a gift.
In the conditions of a modern city, where chemical reagents are poured everywhere in winter, such shoes will not last long, but there is no better option for walking outside the city or in the village. A special cut and ornament will not leave unnoticed products from the peoples of the far North.
Fashion houses periodically in their collections turn to the unique design and ornament of this clothing. Each drawing is a story and a story about a man and his ancestors. The magic and shamanism of these peoples does not leave minds alone for all ages.
What is the result
The names of shoes made of deer skin are many, but all of it has the same functionality. The uniqueness of such material allowed the peoples of the north to adapt to living conditions in freezing temperatures. And for pilots and researchers - to climb into the most remote corners of the planet and return alive and healthy. Now the equipment, thanks to modern technology, allows the use of synthetic materials, but ancient traditions and attachments to them attract people, prompting them to again wear the clothes of their ancestors.