Today, non-volatile septic tanks are becoming increasingly popular among consumers. As an option for such a device, you can consider the "Tank", which is characterized by high performance and adaptability to country conditions. The capacity of the tank-1 model is 1.2 m 3 . Like other designs from this manufacturer, Tank-1 can be classified as non-volatile installations for the treatment of domestic wastewater. The model has high performance and low cost. If you still have not decided whether to purchase such equipment, you need to become more familiar with the principles of its operation.
Principle of operation
Non-volatile septic tanks, as a rule, have the same design. It has the appearance of a plastic container, the average dimensions of which are 1200 x 1000 x 1700 mm. Inside the tank is divided into 3 sections. The first serves to accumulate sewage and precipitate insoluble sediments. Heavier elements settle to the bottom, and the clarified liquid flows into the next chamber, where it settles and gets rid of suspended inclusions.
In the next step, the wastewater enters the floating tank. It has a cylindrical shape, and it is here that biological treatment processes take place. Download plays an important role in this - it purifies the liquid from coarse impurities. Depending on the composition of the sewage and the load, water can be obtained at the outlet, the percentage of which can vary from 50 to 70%.
Soil filtration
Non-volatile septic tanks require soil filtration. At the next stage, the liquid is subjected to this particular process. When installing a septic tank, aeration fields are arranged, which have a number of drainage pipes. Through them, the liquid enters the sand and gravel layer, and then into the soil.
However, the consumer can get by with typical solutions that are designed for a country house. Such designs do not provide for the presence of a filter field, but they are equipped with infiltrators. Such additions are plastic containers without bottom. In appearance, they resemble a cube, the volume of which is 400 liters. It plays a limited role: the liquid accumulates on the site where the device is located, and gradually passes through the filter layer of sand, gravel and soil.
Working principle of overflow concrete septic tank
An overflow septic tank can be performed by you yourself. The principle of its operation is almost no different from what was described above. If we consider its structure, then it consists of two wells, in one of which the liquid will sediment from solid fractions and undergo a process of decay. This compartment has a concrete bottom through which liquid cannot penetrate the soil. The second compartment has a bottom made of gravel. This layer is filtering and absorbable.
Liquid will be resorbed in advance of large and solid elements. An overflow septic tank provides for periodic cleaning of the first well, from there the excess sludge will be removed. This can’t be done manually - you will need to use the cesspool machine. In order to resort less frequently to the services of a cesspool worker, in the first well it is necessary to add biological preparations that allow you to break down solid elements.
Features of overflow concrete septic tank
The concrete septic tank was described above, however, this design can be made of different materials. Overflow structures are often made of concrete rings, but one should not forget about the background riser, which is located on the roof. It is necessary for intensive ventilation. Such systems are separated from drinking wells and wells by at least 15 m.
For reference
If you decide to use concrete rings, then know: they are suitable for not too large houses, where about 1,500 liters of water are consumed per day. The crushed stone substrate must be arranged so that the volume of material used is 3 m 3 or more. It is important to consider the need for waterproofing the joints between the rings.
Specialist recommendations
Concrete septic tank has its advantages and disadvantages, among the latter we can single out the need for high-quality waterproofing. Sometimes it can add extra weight, however, the strength will be increased and the system will be immune to corrosion.
The principle of operation of a non-volatile system for the treatment of Tokas brand effluents
If you want to purchase a non-volatile septic tank without pumping, then you should pay attention to another solution - Topas. This device purifies household wastewater using special microorganisms called anaerobic bacteria. Under their influence, organic compounds are disinfected, disintegrated, and in the next step they are processed into sludge.
Waste water enters the first chamber of the installation, where the first stage of treatment takes place. In this case, large fractions are eliminated, with the help of airlift, water enters the aeration tank, which is the second sector. It is the main part of the installation, which contains active bacteria. It is here that the destruction of pollution that has passed the first stage.
The principle of operation of the non-volatile septic tank Topas also lies in the fact that the sludge formed during the processing of sewage plays the role of a binder for particles that are contained in water. Then the liquid enters the third sector, which is called the pyramid. It is there that the sludge settles to the bottom, and the finally purified water flows further. As in the case described above, the filter sludge must be removed from time to time.
Conclusion
The process of disposal of sludge is quite simple, it does not provide for the consumer to have special knowledge. What else are such non-volatile septic tanks good for? Judging by the reviews, sludge recycled during their operation can even be used as fertilizer.