High-quality machining of parts in the framework of metalwork and carpentry operations is possible only with the use of suitable tools and accessories. A machine, a workbench or an ordinary reliably fixed table can act as the basis for the work, and directly correction or deformation of the workpiece is carried out using mechanical means. It can be a grinder, a carver, a saw, a jigsaw, etc. But in any case, a device for clamping the target part is also required. This function is performed by a clamp - it is a wooden or metal construction of small dimensions, designed for reliable fixation of the workpiece. In some ways, it is comparable to a classic vise, but the fundamental difference will be the elimination of the need for a stationary installation.
Common clamp device
In standard versions, the device is formed in two parts - a fixed frame and an active element, which the user controls and provides a clamp. The surfaces of both parts at the points of contact are provided with jaws that are in direct contact with the target part. Regulation is carried out by a screw, the movement of which within the acceptable range allows the workpiece to be located in the gripping niche and providing an optimal grip in compression force. The screw fixing mechanism is demonstrated in detail by a clamp, the photo of which is presented below. Moreover, there are models with different shapes, sizes and configurations of the functional parts.
Varieties of fixtures
In carpentry workshops, F-shaped models are more often used, which are small in size and thereby provide ease of use. The sponge adjustable in level of capture moves on the flat basis and is fixed in the necessary point by means of screw fixture. Close to this design, the G-shaped clamp is a device in which the function of the regulator is also performed by a screw, but not part of the tool, but the clamping jaw, is set in motion. The screw shaft itself with a small platform for fixing acts as a working body. As a rule, the width of the g-shaped models varies from 100 to 150 mm.
Less popular are triple and tape models of clamps. As for the triple versions, they are made of metal pipes, inside of which a thread is formed to regulate the position of the element. The segments of pipes themselves act as clamping parts of the structure. Tape types of clamps as a material for fastening use leather or nylon belts. Fixing tapes envelop the target structure, holding its individual parts. The task of the clamp as such in this clamping scheme is to regulate the tension force.
Features of quick-clamping models
In the regime of in-line processing, the clamps provided with the mechanism for operative fixation of the workpiece are justified. This design is based on a system of axles and levers, which suggests the possibility of bringing the tool to working condition by pressing the handle. In other words, a quick-clamping clamp is a device that provides instant fixation of a product in a spongy vice without preliminary adjustment according to the grip depth. Adjustment is carried out until the moment of fastening and is designed for multiple maintenance of several workpieces with the same parameters.
Homemade clamp for carpentry
The simplest version of the clamping device is made of a pair of rails and screws. At the ends of the wooden blanks, holes are drilled, which will later be used to exit the mounting pins. Homemade joiner clamps can also be made of metal clamping profiles, but in this case a special tool will be required to create holes - at least a drill with a power of 12-14 V.
When the holes are ready, you can make connections at both ends using the prepared screws. The length of the screws is initially selected for the target workpiece. The standard range for the depth of capture is 50-200 mm. It is important to consider that the carpentry clamp in question is a tool for clamping from two sides, so you will have to organize work "on weight" without the possibility of installing the structure on the same workbench or bed.
Homemade pipe clamp
For precise pipe alignment for subsequent welding, the same clamping design can be used. The difference will only be that instead of pressure jaws, two metal blocks with holes are used, the diameters of which are suitable for the target workpiece. The pipe clamp, the photo of which is presented above, just shows an example of such a snap. You can make a similar design with your own hands from pieces of steel pipes. To combine them into one adjustable fixture, studs with holes in which the screw will be screwed should be welded to each side. For greater reliability, fixing additions should be provided from two opposite sides.
How to make a clamp for quick clamping?
There are several options for making models with instant grip, but the simplest in terms of execution technique and at the same time effective solution is to use a combination of a construction gun and a wooden tooling guide. In this case, the design with a handle from the gun will give optimal clamping force, and the rails will act as the basis on which the clamping depth will be adjusted. As a rule, do-it-yourself fast-clamping clamp is performed with a core in the form of a bar 40-50 cm long, and two platforms that perform the function of fixing jaws.
The course of the key active sponge will be controlled just by the mounting gun, the case of which is also attached to the central bar with screws. The clamping force depends on the characteristics of the gun, but on average it is 50-60 kg. Also, the do-it-yourself quick-clamp clamp can be made with a reverse shock-absorbing block, which will be activated when the lever is pressed. In this case, you can adjust both the grip depth and the fastening force.
Conclusion
The clamp is an indispensable tool not only for professional locksmiths and carpenters, but also in meeting the needs of the household. For example, the same home-made clamps with a simple rack design and two screws can be used to temporarily hold two glued workpieces. Of course, factory models differ both in the quality of execution and in the capabilities of the clamp organization itself. Moreover, they are inexpensive. Versions of entry-level clamps are available for 500-700 rubles, and professional multifunction devices can be purchased for 1500-2000 rubles.