There is such a charming land in Russia, the attractiveness of which is given by the magnificent mirror-like surface of countless lakes. Some information about this wonderful place can be found in this article. Here we will talk about the diversity of the landscape of this region, about where Lake Ladoga is located. A description will also be given.
This territory occupies the northwestern part of great Russia. She is discreet and at the same time surprisingly attractive and diverse. Taiga landscapes are replaced by swamps rich in cloudberries, lingonberries and cranberries. Plots of higher elevations are decorated with spruce and small-leaved forests.
Where is Lake Ladoga located?
It is one of Europe's largest freshwater lakes. It is 219 km long and 138 km wide. The eastern and northern parts of it belong to Karelia, and the southern and southeastern shores belong to the Leningrad region. The water capacity of this lake is 908 km³.
And where is the source of Lake Ladoga? How are its water resources replenished? This is mainly due to the numerous rivers flowing into it (a total of 35). And only 1 river flows from Ladoga - the Neva.
The length of the shore line of Lake Ladoga is more than one and a half kilometers. Area - 18135 km². The bottom relief has rather sharp differences in the northern part and is more gentle in the south. The depth of the lake varies in different places: in its northern part from 60-220 m. And 15-70 meters in the southern.
Terrain Features
Where Lake Ladoga is located, one feature is observed: the higher and steeper the coast, the greater the depth of the lake in these places. The largest is at the Valaam archipelago. She is 233 meters.
There are about 500 large and small islands on the lake. The largest of them are represented in the Valaam archipelago complex . Many islands are separated from each other by small straits - skerries, which give this amazing region a unique beauty. Magnificent and peculiar Lake Ladoga.
Where is the source of the Neva River?
This is the only river originating from Lake Ladoga. The mouth of the Neva is the Neva Bay (Gulf of Finland) of the Baltic Sea. The river flows through the Leningrad region. Four cities and many small settlements are located on its shores. The river is completely navigable.
On the formation of the lake
The basin of the lake is of glacial-tectonic origin. Once (in the Paleozoic era) about 400 million years ago, the territory of today's basin of the lake was covered by the sea. The terrain was formed under the influence of the Valdai glacier glacier (about 12 thousand years ago). After his retreat, the Littorin Sea formed, the surface mark of which was 7–9 meters higher than the level of the water mirror of the modern Baltic Sea.
Previously, the Littorin Sea was connected by a wide strait to the lake, and the river. Mga flowed east and also flowed into it.
Where
Lake Ladoga is now, the land rose quickly, and thus the lake over time turned into a closed reservoir. The water level began to increase, its waters flooded the river valley. Mga and broke into the valley of Tosny. 4000 years ago, a strait appeared between the Gulf of Finland and Lake Ladoga, which is now the valley of the river. Neva. The relief over the past approximately 2.5 thousand years has not changed.
The northern part of Lake Ladoga is located on the Baltic Crystalline Shield, and the southern - on the East European Platform.
From the history of Lake Ladoga
The described lake is present on one of the very first geographical maps of the state of Moscow, which was compiled in 1544 by Sebastian Munster (German cartographer). A more detailed map was presented in 1812 at the Admiralty Department.
Ladoga for Russia has always been a territory of important strategic importance. In the 9th century, an important waterway passed from the Varangians to the Greeks. There is also documentary evidence of the existence of the great Lake Nevo (the name of Lake Ladoga in antiquity) - an old Russian chronicle dated 1228. And the first capital before Kievan Rus was at the confluence of Lake Ladoga p. Volkhov. Peter's time is also associated with this lake. Lake Ladoga also witnessed the battles of the Northern War.
Where Lake Ladoga is located, a huge number of significant historical events took place. Do not list everything. But it is important to note that Lake Ladoga is the "Road of Life" during the Second World War. Most of the coast of the lake during this difficult time for the country was in German-Finnish occupation. The people of Leningrad were cut off from the whole world. Only the southwestern part of the lake was open for communication with Soviet troops (1941-1943). This journey began from the port of Osinovets of Lake Ladoga and ended at the docks of Leningrad.
Over the entire period of the existence of this road, more than 1.5 million tons of cargo was transported and transported along it, allowing the surviving residents of Leningrad to hold out until the blockade was lifted. Also, about 900 thousand people were evacuated along this road.
This great lake holds much of the history. Today, on the spot where that very important "Road of Life" ran, there are 102 memorial pillars and 7 monuments. All of them are listed in the "Green Belt of Glory". This is a memory of past very difficult times.