Federal laws are legislative acts that are adopted in accordance with the Constitution. The law is aimed at the management and administration of the Russian Federation and its constituent entities. The largest part of regulatory acts is precisely the federal laws of the Russian Federation. In turn, they stand from legal acts that are adopted by the Government.
Regulation of laws
The constitution consists of separate chapters, and all of them are based on legal relations. Only the ninth chapter does not apply to them. They contain issues such as citizenship, criminal proceedings and labor disputes.
Article 71 of the Constitution includes a list of subjects under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation. Much attention is paid to such aspects:
1. Changes in federal law and control over their implementation.
2. Protection and guardianship of civil rights and freedoms.
3. Acceptance of citizenship of the Russian Federation.
Based on article 76, part 1, of the Constitution, control over the execution of these items is carried out by federal constitutional law.
Article 72 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation includes a list of issues whose jurisdiction are adopted by the federal laws of the Russian Federation.
Review Mode
During the study and adoption of the bill, the stages of the country's legislative process are taken into account. The countdown period starts from the moment of consideration in the State Duma of the Russian Federation, and ends after the law is submitted to the President for confirmation.
After the law has been studied and signed by the President, it is sent to the competent authorities, which make their changes or make comments. This action is the last before the created law will be obeyed in the first reading.
Consideration of the new law takes place in the State Duma 14 days after its creation. Adoption or rejection of the bill may last no more than three stages of consideration, after which a decision is made whether it comes into force or is completely rejected.
First meeting
At the initial stage, as a result of the meeting, discussions are held and the concept is taken into account, compliance with the federal law of the Russian Federation is assessed, and its significance is considered. Following the meeting, a decision is made:
1. Adopt the bill, given the Constitution of the Russian Federation, and continue to improve.
2. Reject completely.
3. Fully approve the law. A draft law may enter into legal force on first reading only if the majority of assessors cast their votes.
Second reading
At the next stage, the bill is considered as amended, which were discussed at the first meeting. The second meeting should take place 4 months after the first. Following the results of the second reading, the following decisions can be made in the State Duma:
1. Send the bill to the committee for new amendments.
2. Adopt the bill.
3. Reject and not consider in the future.
4. Make a return to the first reading.
5. Adopt a law on the basis that it has already passed legal and linguistic checks.
After approval, the bill is sent to the appropriate authorities to correct deficiencies.
Third reading
The third reading does not allow changes or amendments. At this stage, the results are summed up and a decision is made on whether to forward the bill to the Federation Council or, as amended, reject it with the cessation of consideration.
Civil federal laws of the Russian Federation
Laws regarding citizens of the country are adopted in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation by special vote. If the decree is issued by the President, it does not contradict the laws, then it can be adopted without consideration of the assessors. This applies to any issues that relate to the competence of the President and his decrees.
Government decisions in relation to citizens can be adopted only by decree of the President. The government of the country is an executive body that is created to enforce laws. It is for this reason that any decisions are by-laws.
There is such a thing as the executive branch. It includes municipal authorities and acts of the ministry. According to article 7, part 3, of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, such bodies have the right to create legal acts that specify the norms of civil law.
In rare cases, it happens that property relations are regulated not by legal acts, but by business circulation. This concept has appeared recently and is used in business. Such relations do not comply with the laws and are not indicated in any of the documentary acts.
The whole system of civil law is divided into two categories: general and special. The general category of civil law includes all provisions and norms, as well as the protection of civil rights. All other civil standards belong to a special category of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
In addition to the fact that civil law is divided into general and special parts, they are also divided into industries. This concept includes the relationship of civil law. Today, there are several branches of law:
1. Ownership.
2. Contractual and tort rights.
3. Personal rights.
4. Inheritance rights.
All these parts are divided into institutions, which are generally accepted legal norms of social relations.
Property rights
The federal law on state registration is a civil right. In order to register the right of ownership, it is necessary to use a special concept such as a cadastral number - it must be unique in the country. It is considered valid as long as the object exists as a separate unit.
Federal laws are a complex of legal and civil norms that apply to every citizen of a country that has received registration. In addition to registering an individual citizen, the law requires the registration of property owned. This may be a dwelling, office, pond, land or subsoil.
Registration of any immovable property must take place in the registration department, this is provided for by federal law. Such institutions are created by specially authorized executive bodies. Registration of the right to real estate is a legal transaction confirming the transfer of property to property in accordance with the code of federal laws. The process of registration of the land is carried out at the location of the property within the registration district. This rule is spelled out in the federal law of the country.
In simple words, federal laws are protocols created on the basis of the country's Constitution, which give the population the right to a free and comfortable life.